KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN, AHMEDABAD REGION

MATHS CONTENT

CLASS: XII

CHAPTER 10: VECTOR ALGEBRA

IMPORTANT POINTS

Definition: A quantity that has magnitude as well as direction is called a

vector

Direction Consider the position vector ⃗

OP or r⃗ of a point P(x, y, z) as in

Cosines Fig The angles α, β, γ made by the vector r⃗ with the positive
directions of x, y and z-axes respectively, are called its
direction angles. The cosine values of these angles, i.e., cosα,
cosβ and cos γ are called direction cosines of the vector r⃗ and
usually denoted by l, m and n, respectively.

Important note l2+ m2 + n2 = 1

TYPES OF VECTORS

Zero Vector A vector whose initial and terminal points coincide, is called a
 zero vector (or null vector), and denoted as 0⃗

Unit Vector A vector whose magnitude is unity (i.e., 1 unit) is called a unit
vector. The unit vector in the direction of a given vector a⃗ is
a⃗
denoted by a^ = .
|a|

Coinitial Two or more vectors having the same initial point are called
Vectors coinitial vectors.

Collinear Two or more vectors are said to be collinear if they are parallel
Vectors to the same line, irrespective of their magnitudes and
directions.

Equal Two vectors a and b are said to be equal, if they have the
Vectors same magnitude and direction regardless of the positions of
their initial points, and written as a⃗ =⃗b .

Negative of A vector whose magnitude is the same as that of a given

a Vector vector (⃗
AB ), but direction is opposite to that of it, is called
negative of the given vector.

⃗
AB =- ⃗
BA

Component Let us take the points A (1, 0, 0), B (0, 1, 0) and C(0, 0, 1) on
s of a the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis, respectively. Then, clearly
vector
|⃗
OA | = 1, | ⃗
OB | = 1 and | ⃗
OC | = 1

The vectors ⃗ , ⃗ and ⃗ , each

OA OB OC

having magnitude 1, are called unit

vectors along the axes OX, OY and OZ,
respectively, and denoted by i^ , ^j and
k^ , respectively.

Now, consider the position vector ⃗

OP of a point P(x, y, z)

Then ⃗
OP ^
= x i+¿ y ^j + z k^

Magnitude of a vector ⃗
OP OP| = r⃗ = √ x 2+ y2 + z 2
= |⃗

Direction x y z
l = ⃗ ,m = ⃗ n = ⃗
Cosines of |OP| |OP| |OP|
a vector ⃗
OP *component of unit vector is called direction cosine of the
vector.

Vector If P (x1 , y1 , z1 ) and Q(x2 , y2

joining two , z2 ) are any two points,
points then the vector joining P
and Q is the vector

⃗
PQ = ⃗
OQ−⃗
OP

= (x2 – x1) ^ + (y2 – y1) ^ + (z2 –

i j

z1)k^ .

Section
formula Intern a
lly:

m ⃗b+n ⃗a
r⃗ =
m+n

Externally:

m ⃗b−n ⃗a
r⃗ =
m−n

If R is the midpoint of PQ, then m = n. And therefore, from

Case I, the midpoint R of PQ, will have its position vector as
⃗a + ⃗b
r⃗ =
2

Scalar (or dot) product of two vectors

The scalar product of two nonzero vectors a⃗ and b⃗ ,

denoted by a⃗ . b⃗ and

defined as a⃗ . b⃗ = |a⃗ | | b⃗ | cos θ , 0 ≤ θ ≤ π

 Observations

1. a⃗ . ⃗b is a real number

2. Let a⃗ and b⃗ be two nonzero vectors, then a⃗ . ⃗b =0 if and only if

a⃗ ¿ b⃗ are perpendicular to each other. i.e.

a⃗ . ⃗b =0 ⇔ ⃗a ⊥ ⃗b

3. If θ = 0, then a⃗ . ⃗b =|a⃗ ||b⃗ |

In particular, a⃗ . a⃗ = |a|2 as θ in this case is 0.

4. If θ = π, then a⃗ . ⃗b =−|a⃗ ||b⃗ |

5. i^ .i^ = ^j . ^j=¿ k^ . k^ =1

i^ . ^j = ^j . k^ =¿ k^ . i=0
^

6. The angle between two non zero vectors a and b is given by

a⃗ . b⃗
cosθ=
¿ ⃗a∨¿ b⃗ ∨¿ ¿

7. Projection of a vector on a line

⃗a . ⃗p
AC =
|⃗p|

Projection of a vector a⃗ on
a⃗ . ⃗b
other vector b⃗ , is given by
¿ ⃗b∨¿¿

Vector (or cross) product of two vectors

 The vector product of two nonzero vectors a⃗ and b⃗ , is denoted
by a⃗ × b⃗ and defined as

⃗ |a⃗ | | b⃗ | sinθ n^ .
a⃗ × b=¿

where, θ is the angle between a⃗ and b⃗ , 0 ≤ θ≤ π and n^ is a

unit vector perpendicular to both a⃗ and b⃗ , such that a⃗ , b∧
⃗ n^
form a right handed system .i.e., the right handed system
rotated from a⃗ to b⃗ moves in the direction of n .

Observations

1. a⃗ × b⃗ is a vector perpendicular to both a⃗ and b⃗ .

⃗ a⃗ × b⃗
Unit vector perpendicular to both a⃗ and b=±
¿ a⃗ × ⃗b∨¿ ¿

⃗
a⃗ × b=− b⃗ × ⃗a

2. Let a⃗ ¿ b⃗ be two nonzero vectors. Then a⃗ × b=0

⃗ if and only if are
a⃗ and b⃗ are parallel (or collinear) to each other, i.e.

⃗
a⃗ × b=0 ⇔ a⃗ ll b⃗

3. |a⃗ × b ⃗|=¿|a⃗ | | b⃗ | sinθ

4. |a⃗ × ⃗b|
If θ is the angle between a⃗ and b⃗ then sinθ=
¿ ⃗a∨¿ ⃗b∨¿ ¿

5. for mutually perpendicular unit vectors i^ , ^j and

k^ .

^ i^ = ^j × ^j=k^ × k=0
i× ^

^ ^j = k^ , ^j × k=
i× ^ i^ , k^ × i=¿
^ ^j

6. If a⃗ ¿ b⃗ represent the adjacent sides of a triangle then its area

 1
is given as A = |a⃗ × ⃗b|
2

7. If a⃗ ¿ b⃗ represent the adjacent sides of a parallelogram then its

area is given as A = |a⃗ × ⃗b|

8. ^ b1 ^j+c 1 k^ and b=a

If a⃗ =a 1 i+ ⃗ ^ ^ ^
2 i+ b2 j +c 2 k

Then

| |
i^ ^j k^
a⃗ × ⃗b= a1 b1 c 1
a2 b2 c 2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

Q1 Find a vector in the direction of vector a⃗ =i^ -2 ^j that has magnitude 9

units

1 ^ 2 ^ 9 ^ 18 ^
(a) i- j (b) i- j
√5 √5 √5 √5
1 2 9 2
(c) √ 5 i^ + √ 5 ^j (d) √ 5 i^ + √ 5 ^j

Q2 Find the values of x, y and z so that the vectors a⃗ = x ^j +2i+3 ^j -zk^ - ^j

and b⃗ = xi^ +y ^j +k^ are equal ?

(a) 2,4,-1 (b)2,3,-1

(c) 3,2,1 (d)4,2,1

Q3 ^
If θ is the angle between 2 i−2 ^j+4 k^ and 3 i+
^ ^j+2 k^ then sinθ is:

2 2
(a) (b)
3 √7

(c) √2
7
(d) 2
7√
Q4 The position vectors of points A, B, C and D are a⃗ , b⃗ , 2 ⃗a −3 ⃗b and
a⃗ −2 ⃗brespectively. Find the ⃗
DB .

(a) a-3b (b) 3b-a

(c) b-a (d) 2a-3b

Q5 If the positions vector a of a points (12, n)is such that |a|= 13, Find
the value of n.
 (a) ±5 (b)13

(c) 5 (d) ±13

Q6 If a⃗ and b⃗ are the position vectors of the points (1,-1),(-2,m) find the
value of m for which a⃗ and b⃗ are collinear.

(a) 2 (b)1

(c) -1 (d) -2

Q7 ^ ^j+2 k^ and b=3

Find ( ⃗a +3 ⃗b ) . ( 2 ⃗a− ⃗b ) , if a⃗ =i+ ⃗ ^ 2 ^j−k^
i+ .

(a) -15 (b)-13

(c) -17 (d) -12

Q8 2
If |a⃗ × ⃗b|=4 ,|⃗a . ⃗b|=2 ,|⃗a|2|⃗b| =¿

(a) 20 (b)√ 20

(c) 8 (d) 2 √ 2

Q9 Angle between a⃗ × ⃗b and b⃗ × ⃗a is:

(a) 2 π (b) π

(c) 0 (d) None of these

Q10 ^ j+ √ 2 k^
The angles which the vector a⃗ =i− makes with the co –
ordinate axes is:

π 2π π π
(a) , , (b) 0 , 0 ,
3 3 4 4

π π π 2π π π
(c) , , (d) , ,
3 3 4 3 3 4

Q11 The angle between the vectors 2 i− ^ k^

^ ^j and i+2 is:

−1 2 −1 1
(a) cos (b) sin
5 5
−1 √ 11 −1 2
(c) sin (d) sin
6 5

Q 12 ^ ^j−2 k^ and
The unit vector perpendicular to both the vectors i+2
^ ^j+2 k^
−i+2
 1 1
(a) ¿) (b) ¿)
√5 √5
1 1
(c) ¿) (d) ¿)
√5 √5
Q13 ∧ ∧
For what value of ‘a’, the vectors 2 i −3 j + 4 k and a i +6 j −8 k are
∧ ∧ ∧ ∧

collinear:

(a) 3 (b) 4
(c) -4 (d) -3

Q14 If a⃗ . ⃗b=3and |⃗a × ⃗b|= 4 then the angle between a and b is:
−1 3 −1 3
(a) cos (b) cos
4 5
−1 4 −1 3
(c) cos (d) sin
5 4

Q15 ∧ ∧ ∧ ∧ ∧ ∧
If a⃗ =7 i + j −4 k and b=2
⃗ i −3 j + 4 k , then the projection of a⃗ on b⃗ is:

1 5
(a) (b )
7 7
8 9
(c) (d)
7 7

Q16 The area of the parallelogram whose diagonals are k^ + ^j and

k^ + i^ is:

(a)
√3 (b)
3
2 2
(c) 3 (d)√ 3

Q 17 If the sum of two-unit vectors is a unit vector, the magnitude of their

difference is:

(a) √ 3 (b) 3
(c) 5 (d) √ 5

Q 18 ⃗ × ⃗b| =( ⃗a . ⃗b ) =400 and |⃗a|=5 , then |b⃗| is:

2
If |a
2

(a) 3 (b) 4
(c) 7 (d) 10

Q 19 The area of a parallelogram whose adjacent sides represented by the

^
vectors 2 i−3 k^ and 4 i+2
^ ^j is:
 (a) 10 (b) 14
(c) √ 11 (d) 4 √ 14

Q 20 1 4
If a⃗ ∧⃗b are two vectors such that |⃗a|= ,|b⃗|= and
2 √3
1
|⃗a × ⃗b|= , then find |⃗a . b⃗| .
√3
(a) 2 (b) 3
(c) 1 (d) 5

Q 21 The angle between vectors a⃗ and b⃗ with magnitude √ 3 and 2

respectively, having a⃗ . ⃗b is:

π π
(a) (b)
3 4
π π
(c) (d)
2 6

Q 22 ^ p ^j+ k^ and b=
Find the value of p, if a⃗ =2 i+ ⃗ i−2
^ ^j+3 k^ are perpendicular to
each other.

(a) 3 (b) 5
5 7
(c) (d)
2 3

Q 23 If |⃗a|=2 , |b⃗|=5 and |⃗a × ⃗b|=8 , ,then |⃗a−b⃗|=¿ :

(a) 3 (b) 12
(c) 17 (d) 14

Q 24 ^ ^j+3 k^ and b=3

If a⃗ =2 i+ ⃗ ^ ^j−2 k^ ,then |a⃗ × ⃗b| is:
i+5

(a) √ 507 (b) 25

(c) 24 (d) √ 524

Q 25 ^ ^j+ 2 k^ which has magnitude 8 units is

A vector in the direction of 5i−

^
40 i−8 ^j+16 k^
^
(a) 40 i−8 ^j+16 k^ (b)
√ 30
^ ^j+2 k^
5 i−
(c) (d) none of these
√ 30
Q 26 ^ ^j+ 2 k^ and b=
a⃗ =2 i+3 ^ 2 ^j+ k^ ,then |a
⃗ i+ ⃗ −b⃗| is:
 (a) √ 5 (b) √ 3
(c) √ 11 (d) √ 7

Q 27 If a⃗ is a non zero vector of magnitude ‘a’ and λ a nonzero scalar then

λ ⃗a is a unit vector if

(a) λ =1 (b) λ=-1

1
(c) a =|λ| (d) a =
|λ|

Q 28 The value of i^ .¿is:

(a) 0 (b) -1
(c) 1 (d) 3

Q 29 Find |⃗x|,if for a unit vector a⃗ , ( ⃗x −⃗a ) . ( ⃗x +⃗a )=12

(a) √ 13 (b) 1
(c) √ 14 (d) 12

Q 30 ^ ^j+ k^ ) is a unit vector then x is:

If x ( i+

1
(a) (b)1
2
1
(c) ± (d) 3
√3
Q 31 If θ is the angle between two vectors a⃗ and b⃗ , then a⃗ . ⃗b ≥ 0 only when:

π π
(a) 0<θ < (b) 0 ≤ θ ≤
2 2
(c) 0<θ <π (d) 0 ≤ θ ≤ π

Q 32 If θ is the angle between any two vectors a⃗ and b⃗ , then

|⃗a . b⃗|=|⃗a × b⃗| when θ is equal to:

π
(a) 0 (b)
4
π π
(c) (d)
3 6

Q 33 ^
For what value of ‘a’ the vectors a⃗ =2 i−3 ^j+4 k^ and
⃗
b=a ^ ^j−8 k^ are collinear.
i+6

(a) – 4 (b) 3
 (c) -6 (d) 9

Q 34 If a⃗ , b⃗ and c⃗ are three vectors of equal magnitude and angle between

π
each pair of vectors is such that |a⃗ + ⃗b+ ⃗c|=√ 6 then |⃗a| is
3

(a) 2 (b) – 1
(c) 1 (d) √ 6

Q 35 ^ ^j−5 k^ and b=m

If a⃗ =2 i+3 ⃗ ^ ^j+12 k^ and a⃗ × ⃗b=0 then (m,n) is
i+n

(a) ( −245 , −365 ) (b) ( 245 , 365 )

(c) ( ,
5 )
(d) ( , )
24 −36 −24 36
5 5 5

Q 36 ^ ^j− k^ and b=
The angle between vectors a⃗ =i+ ⃗ i−
^ ^j+ k^ is

π
(a) (b) 0
3

(c) cos
−1
( −13 ) (d)
π
2

Q 37 ^ m ^j−3 k^ and b=
If a⃗ =5 i+ ⃗ i−3
^ ^j−5 k^ such that a⃗ + ⃗b and a⃗ −⃗b are
perpendicular to each other then ‘m‘ is:

(a) 1 (b) ± 1
(c) ± 2 (d) 2

Q 38 If |a
⃗ + ⃗b|=60 and |a⃗ −b⃗|=40 and |b⃗|=46 , then |⃗a| is

(a) 11 (b) 15
(c) 22 (d) 48

Q 39 a , b⃗ and c⃗ are three mutually perpendicular unit vectors, then prove

If ⃗
that |a⃗ + ⃗b+ ⃗c| is:

(a) √ 3 (b) 3
(c) 1 (d) 0

Q 40 If |⃗a|=2 and |b⃗|=1 and a⃗ . ⃗b=1 ,then the value of

( 3 a⃗ −5 ⃗b ) . ( 2 ⃗a +7 b⃗ ) is:
(a) 3 (b) 5
 (c) 8 (d) 0

CASE BASED QUESTIONS

Q 41 CASE STUDY 1: If two vectors are represented by the two sides of

a triangle taken in order, then their sum is represented by the third
side of the triangle taken in opposite order and this is known as
triangle law of vector addition.

Based on the above information, answer the following

questions.
(i) if ⃗
p,⃗
q , ⃗r are the vectors represented by the sides of a triangle
taken in order, then q⃗ +⃗r =..

(a) ⃗p (b) 2 ⃗p (c) r⃗ (d) - ⃗p

(ii) If ABCD is a parallelogram and AC and BD are its diagonals,

then ⃗
AC + ⃗
BD =..

(a) 2 ⃗
AB (b) 2 ⃗
DA (c) 2⃗
BC (d) 2 ⃗
BD

(iii) If ABCD is a parallelogram and then ⃗

AB+⃗
AD =..

(a) 2 ⃗
CD (b) ⃗
DA (c) ⃗
AC (d) ⃗
BD

(iv) If ABCD is a quadrilateral whose

diagonals are ⃗
AC and ⃗
BD the⃗
BA+ ⃗
CD=¿
(a) ⃗
AC+ ⃗
DB (b) ⃗
BD + ⃗
CA

(c) ⃗
BC+ ⃗
AD (d) ⃗
AC + ⃗
BD

(v) If T is the mid point of side YZ of triangle

XYZ, then⃗
XY +⃗
XZ =

(a) 2 ⃗
YT (b) 2 ⃗
XT

(c) 2⃗
TZ (d) None of these
Q 42 CASE STUDY 2: Ishaan left from his village on weekend. First, he
travelled up to
temple. After
this, he left for
the zoo. After
this he left for
shopping in a
mall. The
positions of
Ishaan at
different places
are given in the
following graph.
Based on the above information, answer the following
questions.

(i) What is the position vector of B?

^ 5 ^j
(a) 3 i+ ^ 3 ^j
(b) 5 i+ ^
(c) 3 i−5 ^j ^
(d) 5i−3 ^j

(ii) What is the position vector of D?

^ ^j
(a) 8 i+9 ^ ^j
(b) 9 i+8 ^
(c) 8 i−9 ^j ^
(d) 9 i−8 ^j

(iii) BC in terms of i^ , ^j, k^ ?

Find the vector ⃗

^ ^j+0 k^ (b) i+
(a) 2 i+ ^ 2^j+ k^ ^ ^j+0 k^
(c)i+2 ^ ^j+ k^
(d) 2 i+

(iv) Find the length of vector ⃗

AD .

(a) √85 (b) 90 (c) 100 (d) √67 .

(v) What is unit vector along ⃗

AC ?

^ ^j+ 0 k^
2 i+ ^ ^j+0 k^
4 i+3 ^ ^j+3 ^k
4 i+ ^ 4 ^j+0 k^
3 i+
(a) (b) (c) (d)
5 5 5 5
Q 43 CASE STUDY 3:
Teams A, B, C went for
playing a tug of war
game.

Teams A, B, C have
attached a rope to a
metal ring and are
trying to pull the ring
into their own area
(team areas shown
below).
^ 0 ^j KN
Team A pulls with force F1 = 4 i+

Team B ⟶ F2 = −2 i+
^ 4 ^j KN

Team C ⟶ F3 = −3 i−3
^ ^j KN

Based on the above information, answer the following

questions.

(i) What is the magnitude of the force of Team B?

(a) 2√5 KN (b) 6 KN (c) 2 KN (d) 6√6 KN

(ii) How many KN force is applied by Team A?

(a) 5 KN (b) 4 KN (c) 2 KN (d) 16 KN

(iii) What is the total force applied on the ring?

^ ^j KN
(a) i+ ^ ^j KN
(b) −i+ ^ ^j KN
(c) −i− ^ ^j KN
(d) i−

(iv) Which team will win the game?

(a) Team B (b) Team A (c) Team C (d) No one

(v) What is the magnitude of the teams combined force?

(a) 7 KN (b) 1.4 KN (c) 1.5 KN (d) 2 KN

Q 44 CASE STUDY 4: Solar panel have to be installed carefully. So that tilt

of the roof, and the direction to sun, produce the largest possible
electric power in the solar panel. A surveyor uses his instrument to
determine the coordinate of the four corners of a roof where Solar
panels are to be mounted. In the picture, suppose the points are
labelled counter clockwise from the roof corner nearest to the camera
in units of meters A(6,8,4) , B(21,8,4), C(21,16,10) and D(6,16,10).

Based on the above information, answer the following

questions.

(i) What are the components to the two-edge vector defined by

⃗
AB and ⃗
AD :

(a) 15,1,0 and 2,8,6 (b) 15,0,0 and 0,8 6

(c) 15,2,5 and 5,8,0 (d) 0,15,0 and 8,0,6

(ii) Write unit vector in the direction of vector ⃗

AD

8 ^j−6 k^ 8 ^j+6 k^
(a) (b)
10 10

−8 ^j+6 k^ 8 ^j+6 k^
(c) (d)
10 15

(iii) What are the magnitudes of vectors ⃗

AB and ⃗
AD :

(a) 15,13 (b) 10,12

(c) 15,10 (d) 18, 10

(iv) N perpendicular to both ⃗

Write the vector ⃗ AB and ⃗
AD .

^
(a) 90 i+120 ^j ^
(b) −90 i−120 ^j

^
(c) −90 i+120 ^j ^
(d) 90 i−120 ^j

1 6 1
(v) The sun located along the unit vector ⃗s= i^ − ^j + . If the flow of
2 7 7
solar energy is given by the vector ⃗
F =910 ⃗S . What scalar product of
⃗
F ∧⃗
N:

(a) 85800 (b) 07890 (c) 50000 (d)98600

Q 45 CASE STUDY 5: A girl walks 4 km towards west, then she walks 3 km
in a direction 30° east of
north and stops. Determine
the girl’s displacement
from her initial point of
departure

Based on the above

information, answer the
following questions.
(i) Position vector of A
is:

(a) 4 i^ (b) 4 ^j (c) −4 i^ (d) −4 ^j

(ii) The displacement of the girl from initial departure is:

−5 ^ 3 √ 3 −5 ^
i −5 ^ 3 √ 3 3 √3
(a) i+ j (b) (c) i− j (d) j
2 2 2 2 2 2

(iii) Distance of the girl from initial point is:

(a) √ 15 (b) √ 13 (c) √ 10 (d) √ 9

(iv) AB in terms of i^ + ^j is:

The vector ⃗

3 ^ 3 √3 ^ 3 ^ 3 √3 ^ −3 ^ 3 √3 ^ 3 ^ 3 √3 ^
(a) i+ j (b) i− j (c) i− j (d) i− j
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

(v) Area of triangle OAB is:

(a) √ 3 (b) √ 5 (c) 3 √ 3 (d) 5 √ 5

SHORT QUESTIONS

The value of i .( ⃗j x k⃗ ) + ⃗j .(k⃗ x i ) + k⃗ .( i x ⃗j ) is……..

Q 46

Q 47 The projection of a⃗ on b⃗ if a⃗ . ⃗b=8∧ ⃗b=2 i+6

^ ^j+3 k̂ is……..

The value of λ if (2 i+6 j+14 {k )×(i−λ j+7 k )=⃗0 .¿

Q 48

Q 49 The direction cosines of a line that makes equal angle with the
coordinate axes is…

Q 50 If a line makes 45, 60, with positive direction of x – axis and with
positive direction of y – axis respectively then the angle made with
 the z axis is _______ .
→ → →
Q 51
In the triangle ABC the value of AB +BC +CA is…….

Q 52 
If a,b and c are three mutually perpendicular vectors of equal
 
magnitude, prove then the angle between (a  b  c) and the vector a⃗

is……..

Q 53          
If a  b 3i  2 j  k ; and a  b 3i  4 j  3k , find the magnitude of 3
 
a  b is…

Q 54 |a^ −b^|
ˆ
If â and b are unit vectors and  is the angle between them, then sin θ
2
is ..

Q 55 If A, B, C are the vertices of triangle ABC with position vectors

^
¿ − 3k ¿
^
¿,
^
¿ − 5k ¿
^
¿
^¿− 3 k^ ¿
¿

^
¿− j ¿ ^ −3
¿ j ¿ ^
¿−4 j ¿
2 i ¿ i ¿ 3 i ¿
and respectively, find angle ABC.

Q56 Find λ when projection of a⃗ =λ i + j + 4 k on b=2

∧ ∧ ∧ ∧ ∧ ∧
⃗ i + 6 j +3 k is 4 units.

Q57 ^ ^j+3 k^ , b=−

If a⃗ =2 i+2 ⃗ ^ ^j are such that
^ ^j+ k^ and c⃗ =3 i+
i+2

a⃗ + λ ⃗b is perpendicular to c⃗ ,then find λ .

Q58 a , b⃗ and c⃗ are three mutually perpendicular unit vectors, then find
If ⃗
|⃗
2 a+ ⃗b+ c⃗| .

Q59 ^ ^j+ k^ , b=4

Let a⃗ =i+ ⃗ ^
i−2 ^
^j+3 k^ and c⃗ =i−2 ^j+ k^ . Find a vector of magnitude

a -⃗
6 units, which is parallel to the vector 2⃗ b +3⃗c .

Q60 a, ⃗
If ⃗ b and ⃗c are three mutually perpendicular vectors of the same
a +⃗
magnitude, then prove that ⃗ b +⃗c is equally inclined with the
⃗ and ⃗c .
⃗, b
vectors a

Q61 ^ ^j, b=3

Let a⃗ =i− ⃗ ^ k^ . Find a vector d⃗ which is
^j− k^ and c⃗ =7 i−

perpendicular to both a⃗ ∧¿ b⃗ and c⃗ d=1

⃗ .
Q62 Find the value of p for which a⃗ =3 i +2 j +9 k and b=i
∧ ∧ ∧
⃗ + p j +3 k are parallel
∧ ∧ ∧

vectors.

Q63
If |⃗a| = , |b⃗|= 2 and a⃗ b⃗ = 3, find the angle between and .

Q64 If a⃗ and b⃗ are two vectors such that |a⃗ . b⃗|=|⃗a × b⃗|, then find the angle

⃗ and ⃗
between a b.

Q65
||
→ →
(
→
Find x , if for a unit vector a , x −a . x −a =20.
→
)(
→ →
)
Q66 If |⃗a| =√ 26, |b⃗| =7 |⃗a × ⃗b| =35, find a⃗ . ⃗b.

Q67 ∧ ∧
Find a vector in the direction of a⃗ =2 i − j +2 k which has magnitude 6
∧

units.

Q68 Find the projection of a⃗ on b⃗ if a⃗ .= 8 and b=2

⃗
∧ ∧ ∧
i + 6 j +3 k

Q69 ∧ ∧ ∧ ∧
6 j +27 k ¿ ׿ i + 3 j + p k ) =
∧ ∧
Find the value of p, if (2 i+

Q70 Find a position vector of mid-point of line segment AB, where A is

point (3, 4, -2) and B is point (1, 2, 4).

Q71 Find a unit vector perpendicular to each of the vectors a⃗ + b⃗ and a⃗ - b⃗

∧ ∧ ∧ ∧ ∧ ∧
Where a⃗ =i + j + k and b=i
⃗ +2 j +3 k

Q72 Find the area of triangle with vertices (1,1,1), (1,2,3) and (2,3,1)

Q73 ⃗ c satisfy the condition a⃗ + ⃗b+ c⃗ =0. Evaluate the

Three vectors a⃗ , b∧⃗
quantity.

. a, if |⃗a| =1, |b⃗| =4 |⃗c| =2

a⃗ . ⃗b+ ⃗b . ⃗c + ⃗c ⃗

Q74 ∧ ∧ ∧ ∧
^j+ k^ ,find a unit vector parallel
If a⃗ =i+ j +k and b⃗ =2 i− ^
j −3 k and c⃗ =i−2
∧ ∧

2 a−⃗b+3 c⃗
to the vector ⃗

Q75 If a⃗ and b⃗ are perpendicular vectors such that |⃗a + ⃗b|=3 and |⃗a|=5 ,
Find |b⃗|.

LONG ANSWER TYPES

Q 76 a , b⃗ and c⃗ be three vectors such that ⃗
If ⃗ a ,+ ¿ b⃗ + c⃗ = 0 and
|⃗a|=3 ,|b⃗|=5∧|c⃗|=7find the angle between ⃗
a ,∧⃗b

Q 77 a , b⃗ and c⃗ satisfy the condition a⃗ +¿ b⃗ + c⃗ = 0

Three vectors ⃗

Evaluate the quantity μ= a⃗ . ⃗b + b⃗ . c⃗ + c⃗ . ⃗a

if |⃗a|=1 ,|b⃗|=4∧|⃗c|=2

Q 78
If

Find the angel between the vectors

Q 79 a , b⃗ and c⃗ be three vectors such that and|⃗a|=3 ,|b⃗|=4∧|c⃗|=5 and

let ⃗

each one of them being to the sum of the other two, find|⃗a + ⃗b+ ⃗c|

Q 80 Show that the points A (1, -2, -8) B (5, 0, -2) and C (11, 3, 7) are
collinear, and find the ratio in which B divides AC

Q 81 Find the area of the with vertices A (1, 1, 2) B (2, 3, 4) and C (1, 5, 5).

Q 82 Find the direction ratios and the direction cosines of the

vector

Q 83
Vectors be such that then is a unit
vector.

Q 84 → →
If a , b and c⃗ → →
are three vectors such that a + b + c =0 , show that
→ →

→ → → → → →
a × b =b × c =c × a

Q 85 → → →
If a , b ∧c be unit vectors such that
→ → → →
a . b =c . a =0 and angle between
→ →
π
b ∧c , prove that a⃗ =± 2 ( ⃗b × c⃗ ).
6

Q 86 Find the unit vector in the direction of the sum of the

vectors

Q 87 Using vectors, prove that cos ( A – B )=cosA cosB+ sinA sinB .

Q 88 →
Consider two points P and Q with position vectors OP=¿ 3 a −2 b ¿ and
→ →

→ → →
OQ=¿ a + b ¿. Find the position vector of a point R which divides the line
joining P and Q in the ratio 2:1, (i) internally, and (ii) externally.

Q 89 If with reference to the right – hand system of mutually unit

vectors then express in the form ,

where is || to and is to

Q 90 Prove that for any two vectors a ∧b ,

→ →

|⃗a + ⃗b|≤|a⃗|+|b⃗| (triangle inequality).

ASSERTION – REASON QUESTIONS

In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by

a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct answer out of the
following choices.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

Q 91 Assertion (A): There exist 2 unit vectors which are perpendicular to

both a⃗ ∧⃗b . .

Reason (R): Here n^1 is a unit vector which is perpendicular to both

a⃗ ∧⃗b and in the direction of a⃗ × ⃗b and n^2 is another unit vector which is
perpendicular to both a⃗ ∧⃗b and in the direction of a⃗ . ⃗b .

Q 92 Assertion (A): The projection of vector a⃗ =¿ i^ + ^j on the vector b=¿

⃗ i^ -
^j is 0.

Reason (R): if a⃗ . ⃗b=0 , then the projection of vector a⃗ on the vector b⃗

is always 0.

Q 93 Assertion (A): The area of a parallelogram whose adjacent sides are

^ ^j+4 k^ and b=
given by the vectors a⃗ =3 i+ ⃗ i−
^ ^j+ k^ is 42 sq unit.

Reason (R): The area of a parallelogram whose adjacent sides are

 given by the vectors a⃗ and b⃗ is |a⃗ × ⃗b| sq unit.

Q 94 Assertion (A): For 2 vectors a⃗ and b⃗ ,

2 2
|⃗a × ⃗b| - |⃗a|2|⃗b| = |⃗a . b⃗|
2

Reason (R): |a⃗ × ⃗b|=|a⃗||⃗b|sin θ and |a⃗ . b⃗|=|⃗a||b⃗| cos θ ,θ is angle between
vectors a⃗ and b⃗ .

Q 95 Assertion (A): For a vector a⃗ ,

2 2 2
|⃗a × i^| +|⃗a × ^j| +|⃗a × k^| =2|⃗a|2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Reason (R): |a
⃗ × i^| +|⃗a × ^j| +|a⃗ × k^| = |⃗a| ¿] +|⃗a| ¿ |i^ | +|k^| ] -|⃗a| ¿ |i^ | +| ^j| ] =
2 2 2

2
2|⃗a| .

ANSWER

1. b 2. a 3. b 4. b 5. a

6. a 7. a 8. a 9. b 10. a

11. a 12. a 13. c 14. b 15. b

16. a 17. a 18. b 19. b 20. c

21. b 22. c 23. c 24. a 25. b

26. b 27. d 28. c 29. a 30. c

31. b 32. b 33. a 34. c 35. b

36. c 37. b 38. c 39. a 40. d

41. (i) d 42. (i) b 43. (i) a 44. (i) b 45. (i) c
(ii) c (ii) b (ii) b (ii) b (ii) a
(iii) c (iii) c (iii) b (iii) c (iii) b
(iv) c (iv) a (iv) a (iv) c (iv) a
(v) b (v) b (v) b (v) a (v) c
46. 3 47. 8/7 48. -3 49. 1/ √ 3 50. 60
0
51. 0 52.
cos−1
( √153.
3)
√ 170 54. 0.2 55.
cos−1 ( 49 )
60.k^
( √13 )
56. 5 57. 8 58. √6 59. ^
i−2 ^j+5 −1
cos
√ 30
61. ^ ^j+3
( i+ 62.k^ ) 1 63. π 64. π 65. √ 21
4 3 6 4

66. 7 ^
67. 4 i−2 ^j+4 k^ 68. 8 69. 27 70. ^ ^j+ k^
2 i+3
7 2

71. ^ 2 ^j−k^
−i+ 72. 1 73. −2174. −i+ ^j−k^
^ 275. 12
√ 21
√6 2 2 √6

LONG ANSWERS
Q 76
:

Q 77

Adding (i) (ii) and (iii)

Q 78

Q 79
:

Q 80

Thus one point B is common here and A, B, C are collinear and B

divides AC in 2:3
Q 81
Q 82
D.R of

D.C of
Q 83

Q 84 →
Here take cross product with c both side…..correct
proof
Q 85 CORRECT PROOF
Q 86
Let

The required unit vector is

Q 87

Q 88

Q 89

Q 90

ASSERTION - REASON
91. C 92. a 93. a 94. a 95. a

NAME OF TEACHER : PRAVEEN KUMAR KHANDELWAL

NAME OF KV :AFS WADSAR