CONFIDENTIAL
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UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA
FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTERI
sEssroN 201212013
COURSENAME ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENTATION
ANDMEASUREMENT
COURSE CODE DAE 21402
PROGRAMME 2DAE
EXAMINATIONDATE OCTOBER 2012
DURATION 2%HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS ANSWER FOUR (4) QUESTIONS
ONLY
THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF SEVEN (7) PAGES
CONFIDENTIAL
DAE 21402
Q1 (a) All measurements are subject to elror which contributes to the
uncertainty in data collecting. In fact, by "ertar", rve usually mean just
outright mistakes, such as incorrect use of an instrument and failure to
read ascale properly. Based upon ttris situation;
(i) Identify the four (4) sowces of error in measurement.
(4 marks)
(ii) Briefly explain any two (2) of the elrors.
(4 marks)
(b) A 500-V voltmeter is specified to be accurate withint3o/o at full scale.
Calculate ttre limitittg enor when the instrument is used to measure the
following voltage sour@s
(i) 4ov
(ii) sov
(iii) 8ov
(6 marks)
(c) The expected value of the voltage across a resistor is 8.0V' However,
measurement yields a value of 7'5V' Calculate:
(i) The absolute error
(ii) The relative accuracY
(a marks)
(d) statistical analysis have bee.n corpmonly used in error measurement.
By referring to Table Ql(d), there arc a set of 10 measurement data
recorded during an experiment. Compute;
(i) The arithmetic mean
(ii) The deviation of each value
(iii) The standard deviation
DAE 214f.2
TABLE Ql(d)
Number of Measurement Recorded values, Xn (volt)
I 36.5
2 35.5
3 39.0
4 32.6
5 3s.9
6 33.4
,l 33.8
8 30.4
9 39.4
10 40.1
(6 marls)
(e) Define calibration Process
(1 mark)
Q2 (a) Sketch the basic construction of modern Permanent - Magnet Moving
Coil ( PMMC and state its two (2) main feafures '
)
(6mark)
@) A multi-range ammeter Ayrton shrurt type is shown in Figure Q2O)'
The D' Arsonval meter used has a resistance of 2 k(-l and a full-scale
deflection current 60 FA. The Ayrton shurt consists of four resistors
:
connected in series with the value of Rl- 1 f), R2 9 O, R3
: 90 f)
and R4: 900 e. Calculate the ampere meter range of Al to A4 formed.
(12 marks)
(c) (1) Construct a basic multi-range arffneter circuit with an
appropriate labeling.
(3 marks)
(i1) A basic D' Arsonval movement with a full-scale deflection of
50 pA and internal resistance of 500C} is used as a DC
voltmeter. Determine the value of the multiplier resistance
needed to measure a voltage range of 0-10V
(a marks)
DAE 21402
Q3 (a) Describe three (3) precautions that should be observed when using a
multirange voltrneter.
(3 marks)
(b) A basic d'Arsonval meter movement with internal resistance, R*: 100
ohms, and futl-scale current, Irra = I mA, is to be converted into a
multirange d.c. voltmeter with voltage ranges of 0-10 V, 0-50 V, 0 -
250V, and 0 - 500 V.
(i) Draw the circuit diagram of the mutirange dc voltmeter and
label it.
(ii) Catculate ttre values of R1, Rz, RE and R+.
(10 marks)
(c) A voltmeter having a sensitivity of 1000 ohms/volt, reads l00V on its
l50V scale whenionnected across an unknovnr resistor in series with
a milliammeter. When the milliammeter reads 5mA, calculate:-
(l) the apparent resistance of the unknown resistor
(ii) the actual resistance of the unknown resistor
(iiil the error due to the loading effect of the voltmeter
(12 marks)
Q4 (a) List four (4) measurements that can be performed using an
oscilloscope.
(a marks)
(b) Draw the block diagram of a cathode-ray oscilloscope. I abel gll the
blocks and mark fposition, Y-position, Time/Div' and VolVDiv'
controls.
(10 marks)
The waveform shown in Figure Q4(c) is observed on the CRT
screen'
(c)
If the TimdDiv switch is set to 5 psec and the volts/Div switch is set
to 0.1 V, determine ,
(i) Peak-to-peak voltage amplitudg Vpe
(ii) Period for one cYcle, T
(iii) FrequencY, f
(a marks)
DAE 214p.2
(d) Two sine waves of the same phase and amplitude are applied to the
input terminals of an oscilloscope operating in the X-Y mode. If the
signal applied to the vertical input is twice the frequency of the
horizontal input signal, sketch the waveform that will be observed on
the oscilloscope screen.
(3 marls)
(e) What is the difference between a signal generator and a function
generator in electronics?
(a marks)
Qs (a) State the purpose of the Wheatstone bridge.
(2 marks)
(b) State the function of adjustable precision resistor in Wheatstone bridge.
(2 marks)
(c) Draw and label completely the basic circuit of the Wheatstone bridge.
(a marks)
(d) Name all the components of the circuit in Q5 (c)'
(4 marks)
(e) From the circuit in Q5 (c) also, analyze the circuit mathematically to
produce an equatiott of ,rnktto*t resistance when the bridge is balance.
(6 marks)
(0 State three (3) examples of applications of the wheatstone bridge in
commercial circuits.
(3 marks)
(g) Give a reason why there is no currgnt flow through the Galvanometer
when the bridge is balance.
Prove your answer mathematically.
(4 marks)
DAE 21402
Q6 (a) Define the following:-
(r) Sensors
(ii) Transducers
(a marks)
(b) Draw the gaph resistance against temperafure for the following
temperafure sensors:-
(i) RrD
(ii) Thermistor
(3 marks)
(c) From the graphs in Q6 (b) (i) and (ii), briefly describe the relationship
between resistance and temperafure for both of the sensors.
(3 marlcs)
(d) Briefly explain the principle of operation of the thermocouple sensor.
(5 marlcs)
(e) Give four (4) examples of apptications for each of the following
sensors in industrial or commercial sectors.
(i) thermocouple
(ii) Pressure
(4 marks)
(0 Give thrce (3) comparisons between RTD's and Thermistor sensors.
(6 marks)
6
DAE 21402
FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTER/SESSION : SEMESTERV 201212013 PROGRAMME : 2DAE
COI]RSE: ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENTATION COURSE CODE : DAE 21402
AND MEASITREMENT
FTGURE Q2(b)
FIGURE Q3(c)
