Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Sharjah University
Dr. Amr El Nady
Generation Sub-
Transmission Distribution
power Transmission
systems systems
plants systems
Transmission
System
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Generation
Power Plant
Sharjah University
500 kV Transmission Extra-High-Voltage Substation
Dr. Amr El Nady
(500/230 kV)
Commercial/ 230 kV
Industrial Transmission Transmission
Customer System
Distribution Substation
Urban (69/12 kV) 69 kV Sub-transmission
Customers Distribution
System
(12kV)
High-Voltage Substation
Distribution Line (230/69 kV)
Overhead
Distribution
Underground Cable Transformer
To Other
High-Voltage
Residential Residential
Underground Substations
Customer Customer
Distribution Transfomer
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Types of Power plants, (traditional and non-traditional)
❑ Thermal Power Plant. Large plants (more than 500 MVA) carry constant load
(base load plant). Smaller plants loads are regulated but they operate
continuously. Minimum down time is 20-35 hours.
❑ Steam-turbine. Very common for thermal.
Sharjah University
❑ Gas-turbine. Peak load plants, high operating and low investment cost
Dr. Amr El Nady
❑ Combined steam and Gas-Turbine Power Plants. High efficiency plants
for variable load.
❑ Hydroelectric Plants. These plants are loaded to the maximum capacity
because of the low operating cost. (Water is free)
❑ Nuclear Power Plant. These plants carry constant load and are used as base
loads plants.
❑ Solar, Wind, (renewable). Loaded to the maximum capacity when sun or wind
power available.
❑ Geothermal Power Plant
❑ Solar Thermal
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Sharjah University
Dr. Amr El Nady
Thermal PP Oil based thermal PP Coal based thermal
PP
Hydroelectric PP Rotor of steam turbine Control room in PP
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Sources of energy in US in 2003
Other
Hydro
Sharjah University
3.5%
Dr. Amr El Nady
2.6%
Nuclear
8.1% Petroleum
39.8%
Natural Gas
22.9%
Coal
23.1%
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Generation sources in Generation sources in
Illinois California
Sharjah University
Renewable Coal
Dr. Amr El Nady
Renewable
0.0% 0.0% Gas
4.5%
23.0%
Nuclear
Nuclear 30.1%
43.6%
Coal
Hydroeletric 55.1%
0.0% Petroleum
0.1%
Petroleum Hydroeletric
0.6% Gas 42.4%
0.6%
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
345 & 765 kV
765 kV
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
230 kV
230 kV
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Insulator Chain
Sharjah University
Number of
Dr. Amr El Nady
Insulators per
Line Voltage String
69 kV 4–6
115 kV 7–9
138 kV 8–10
230 kV 12
345 kV 18
500 kV 24
765 kV 30–35
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
Insulator Chain
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
Insulator Chain
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
&
Housed
isolated
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
&
isolated
Unsheltered
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
&
Housed
centered
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
&
centered
Unsheltered
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
&
centered
Unsheltered
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
&
centered
Unsheltered
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
&
centered
Unsheltered
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
&
centered
Unsheltered
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
&
centered
Unsheltered
Sharjah University
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Dr. Amr El Nady
&
centered
Unsheltered
Electric Power Distribution System Engineering
Nominal voltage levels Nominal voltage levels
Sharjah University
Dr. Amr El Nady
2.4 kV 13.8 kV
4.16 kV 19.9 kV
7.2 kV 34.5 kV
12.47 kV 69 kV
