C-Unit English Gi Rb¨ article ‡Zgb ¸i“Z¡c~Y© bv n‡jI Gi Dci Avcbvi fvj avibv

_vK‡j Sentence Correction Avcbvi Rb¨ easy n‡q hv‡e| Avi †m Kvi‡bB Avgiv article-
Gi Dci GKwU msw¶ß Av‡jvPbv Dc¯’vcb KiwQ hv‡Z Aš—f~©³ i‡q‡Q wewfbœ
important rules hw`I article portion ‡_‡K cÖkœ nqbv ej‡jB P‡j, Z_vwc Avgv‡`i
cÖ`Ë Rules ¸‡jv follow K‡i Avcwb Avmj cix¶vi cÖkœ mivmwi common bv †c‡jI
cÖ‡iv¶fv‡e common cv‡eb| G e¨vcv‡i Avgiv Avcbv‡K kZKiv GK‡kv fvM
wbðqZv w`w”Q Ah_v K_v bv evwo‡q Pjyb †`‡L †bB article Gi †Kvb †Kvb
welq¸‡jv mwZ¨ mwZ¨B Avcbv‡K Avmj cix¶vq mvnvh¨ Ki‡e|

 Rule -01

Common noun (boy, cow, poet, flowen) ‡Kvbfv‡eB GKwU sentence-G GKv Avm‡Z
cv‡i bv| common noun wU nq plural n‡e, bv nq Gi c~‡e© article a, an, the em‡e|
‡hgb t- wb‡Pi mwVK I fyj evK¨ `ywU j¶ Ki“b-
Incorrect : Boy is fond of games.
Correct : A boy/boys is/are fond of games.

 Rule -02

Kv‡iv †ckv ev e¨vemv BZ¨vw` †evSv‡Z A ev An nq |

†hgbt-Widson is a banker and his son.
David is a barrister.

 Rule -03

Dozen hundred, thousand and million G‡`i c~‡e© a e‡m|

†hgbt- It must be worth (†hvM¨) a million.
It need a dozen of eggs.

 Rule -04

Each ev per (cÖwZ) A‡_© A ev An e‡m|

Tom spends two thousands dollar a month.

 Rule -05

What w`‡q exclamatory sentence ïi“ n‡j what Gi ci A ev An e‡m|

What a beautiful house!
What a nice art!

 Rule -06

Superlative ‘most’ Gi c~‡e© mvaviYZ the e‡m| wKš‘y most Gi A_© hLb ‘very’ ev
Lye †ewk eySvq, ZLb The Gi cwie‡Z© a e‡m|

Robinson saw a most wonderful sight.

Robinson saw a very wonderful sight.

1
 Rule -07

Phrase ev clause w`‡q †Kvb noun †K wbw`©ó K‡i †evSv‡j Gi Av‡M the e‡m|
The girl with long brown hair and brown eyes is my sister.

 Rule -08

‡Kvb Singular noun w`‡q mgMÖ RvwZ †evSv‡j H singular noun Gi c~‡e© The
e‡m|
The dog is a faithful animal.

Tips
Man I woman w`‡q mgMÖ RvwZ
†evSv‡jI G‡`i c~‡e© article
e‡m bv|
Man is mortal.
Women are weak in muscle.

 Rule -09

Countable noun Gi Av‡M article e‡m Ges uncountable noun Gi Av‡M article em‡Z
cv‡i bv| Z‡e uncountable noun-‡K wbw`©ó K‡i †evSv‡bv n‡j Gi c~‡e© article
the e‡m| †hgb t- The earth revolves around the sun.

 Rule -10

cÖK…wZi g‡a¨ †h mKj wRw‡mi Aw¯—Z¡ ïaygvÎ GKwU Zv‡`i bv‡gi c~‡e©
the e‡m|
†hgb t-
The earth revolves around the sun.

 Rule -11

hLb Noun w`‡q †Kvb RvwZ‡K wb‡`©k Kiv nq, ZLb †h noun wUi c~‡e© ‘The’
e‡m|
†hgbt-
The English are industrious (cwikªgx)

Tips
English w`‡q hLb fvlvq bvg
†evSvq ZLb Gi c~‡e© The
em‡Z cv‡i bv|
 Rule -12

Strict ev Avenue Gi bv‡gi c~‡e© the em‡Z cv‡i bv wKš‘y ‘Road’ Gi bv‡gi
c~‡e© the e‡m|

2
 The bus is running on the Gazipur Road.
This book is available on Gulshan Avenue.

 Rule -13

wewfbœ ai‡bi ev`¨h‡š¿i bv‡gi c~‡e© The em‡Z cv‡i bv| Z‡e †KD
ev`¨hš¿ evRv‡”Q †evSv‡Z Zvi c~‡e© The e‡m|
I like guitar more than tabla.
As he sang, he strummed (AhZœ mnKv‡i evRv‡bv)

Tips
ev`¨hš¿ evRv‡”Q †evSv‡Z
hw` wU e‡m †m‡¶‡Î Gi bv‡gi
Av‡M em‡Z cv‡i bv|
†hgbt- I play on violin, but not Piano.
 Rule -14.

µmevPK msL¨v (†hgbt- first, second, third) BZ¨vw`i c~‡e© the e‡m|

This book is on the third row of the shelve.

 Rule -15

msev`cÎ, RvnvR ag©MÖš’, weL¨vZ AUªvwjKv, b`x, mvMi, gnvmvMi,

ce©Zgvjv, ØxccyÄ BZvw` bv‡gi c~‡e© The e‡m|
The nelson is a British warship.
The Persian Gulf (cvim¨ DcmvMi)

Tips
GKwUgvÎ ce©Z ev Øxc ev
ü‡`i bv‡gi c~‡e© The e‡m
bv|
†hgbt- Mount Everest.
 Rule -16

hw` †Kvb eB‡qi bv‡gi c~‡e© †jL‡Ki bvg _v‡K Z‡e the em‡Z cv‡i bv|
†hgbt-
Avcwb hw` e‡jb The Nazrul’s ‘Agnibina’ Z‡e fyj n‡e| eis Avcbv‡K
ej‡Z n‡e ïay Nazrul’s ‘Agnibina.’

 Rule -17

mgwóK evPK †`‡ki bv‡gi c~‡e© the emv‡Z nq|

‡hgbt-
The U.S.A has a big fleel (hy× RvnvR)

 Rule -18

3
Proper noun Gi c~‡e© hw` †Kvb adjective e‡m Z‡e Zvi c~‡e© The e‡m|
†hgbt-
The great omar, The immortal kalidas.

 Rule -19

hw` †Kvb adjective Øviv †Kvb wKQzi we‡kl †Kvb Ask †evSvq Z‡e Zvi c~‡e©
the e‡m|
†hgbt-
I like the yellow part of an egg.

 Rule -20

‡Kvb Adjective hLb †Kvb Sentence Gi subject wn‡m‡e e‡m ZLb Zvi c~‡e© the
e‡m Ges Verb wU plural nq|
†hgbt-
The rich are not always happy.

 Rule -21

Adjective Gi superlative form Gi c~‡e© memgq the e‡m|

†hgbt-
She is the prettiest girl.

 Rule -22

Material noun (hv MYbv Kiv hvq bv) Gi c~‡e© mvaviYZ the e‡m bv| wKš‘y
G‡`i †K hw` wbw`©ó K‡i †evSv‡bv nq, Z‡e G‡`i c~‡e© the e‡m|
†hgbt-
Water has no color.
The water of this fond is lucid (¯^”Q)

 Rule -23.

Abstract noun-Gi c~‡e© I †Kvb article em‡Z cv‡i bv| Z‡e material noun-Gi b¨vq
abstract noun †K I wbw`©ó K‡i †evSv‡bv n‡j Gi c~‡e© article the e‡m|
†hgbt-
kind ness is a great virtue.
The kindness of Hatem-tyee is known to all.

 Rule -24

School, college, church, hospital, market, prison GiKg ¯’v‡b hw` mvaviY D‡Ï‡k¨ hvIqv
†evSvq Z‡e G‡`i c~‡e© article e‡m bv| †Kvb D‡Ï‡k¨ hvIqv †evSv‡j article
e‡m|
‡hgbt-
# Students go to school to learn.
# Students went to the school to see their Headmasterd
(wk¶vi Rb¨ bq)

4
 Rule -25

‡Ljvi bv‡gi c~‡e© ev Lvev‡ii bv‡gi c~‡e© Article em‡Z cv‡i bv |

‡hgbt-
Crave has taken breakfast.
Jane likes to play cricket.
 Rule -26

avZz ev Drm‡ei bv‡gi c~‡e© mvaviYZ article e‡b bv|

‡hgbt-
summer is the best time for picnic.

Tips
Rany season-Gi c~‡e© the e‡m |

wKš‘y hLb †Kvb avZz‡K wbw`©ó K‡i †evSv‡bv nq ZLb Zvi c~‡e© The e‡m|
†hgbt-
I went to the picnic on the last summer.

Tag Question

‡Kvb e³e¨ †kl K‡i Gi mZ¨Zv I ¯^xKv‡ivw³ Av`v‡qi Rb¨ sentence Gi †k‡l †h
†QvU question Ry‡o †`Iqv nq, ZvB tag question.
‡hgbt- wb‡Pi D`vnibwU jL¨ Ki“b|
# He is an intelligent boy, isn’t he?

Dc‡ii D`ni‡Y evjKwU †h eyw×gvb Zvi ¯^xKv‡ivw³ Av`v‡qi Rb¨ isn’t he?
e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q| isn’t he? G portion UzKzB n‡jv tag question.

Article Gi b¨vq ‘Tag question’ portion wUI Avcbvi Rb¨ †ekx important bq| GLvb
†_‡KI cÖkœ nqbv ej‡jB P‡j| wKš‘y GiciI Avgiv G portion wUi Dci wKQz
important rule Av‡jvPbv Ki‡ev hv‡Z K‡i Tag question ‡_‡K hw` †Kvb question G‡mI
hvq Z‡e Avcwb hv‡Z mwVKfv‡e answer Ki‡Z cv‡ib Tag question problem solve
Ki‡Z n‡j Avcbv‡K wb‡gœv³ welq ¸‡jv Aek¨B †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e|

a. Tag question-G `ywU side _vK‡e| GKwU n‡jv left side Ges Av‡iKwU n‡jv right
side.
b. Left side positive n‡j right side negative n‡e|
c. Left side negative n‡j right side positive n‡e|
d. Right side-G memgq auxiliary verb em‡e|
e. Right side- Gi †k‡l Aek¨B cÖkœ ‡evaK wPý emv‡Z n‡e|
f. Right side-G negative auxiliary emv‡j Gi contraction form e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e|
g. Right side-G subject wn‡m‡e previous noun suitable pronoun em‡e|
h. Right side-G ïay main verb _vK‡j †m‡¶‡Î tense Abyhvqx do, did, does emv‡Z
n‡e|
TAG QUESTION

5
Avi Ahv_v mgq bó bv K‡i Pjyb †`‡L ‡bB `Tag Question’ Gi Dci ‡_‡K †Kvb †Kvb
Important rule ¸‡jv Avcbvi Rb¨ A‡c¶v Ki‡Q|

Rule-01

Left Side G hw` `ywU Clause (Principal Clause and Subordinate Clause) _v‡K Z‡e
Principal Clause Gi Subject Ges Verb Abyhvqx Right Side G Tag question Ki‡Z n‡e|
# He told that he might go, didn’t he?
P.C S.C

Rule -02
Every one, every body, any one, any body, none, nobody, some one, some body Giv hw`
sentence G subject wn‡m‡e Av‡m Z‡e Tag question G G‡`i suitable pronoun wn‡m‡e
Ôthey’ use Ki‡Z nq|

‡hgb : Some one made the water turbid (‡Nvjv‡U), didn’t they?

Rule -03
It, Here, There hw` left side G subject wn‡m‡e e‡m Z‡e G‡`i‡K right side G tag
question Gi subject wn‡m‡e e¨envi Ki‡Z nq|
‡hgb :
# There were two schools, weren’t there?
# It is interesting, isn’t it?

Rule – 04
Anything, every thing, something, nothing sentence Gi subject wn‡m‡e em‡j tag question
G it ‡K subject wn‡m‡e emv‡Z nq|

# Everything in this room is untidy(A‡MvQv‡jv), isn’t it?

Rule -05
Left side G hw` negative meaning carry K‡i Ggb word hardly, rarely, scarcely, barely,
seldom, little, few _v‡K Z‡e Right side wU Positive G n‡e|

‡hgb t
# Thomas rarely comes here, does he?
# I could hardly remember my past, could I?

Rule – 06
Let us wKsev Gi msw¶ß form let’s w`‡q †Kvb sentence ïi“ n‡j tag question G Aek¨B
Shall we n‡e|

# Let’s go for a vacation, shall we?

# Let us solve the problem, shall we?

Rule -07
wb‡Pi example ¸‡jv j¶¨ Ki“b t
# He’s going tomorrow, isn’t he?
# He’s gone there, hasn’t he?

6
# He’d go there, wouldn’t he?
# He’d gone there, hadn’t he?

Statement wU hw` Ggb ب_©‡evaK nq †m‡¶‡Î c‡ii verb wUi iƒc †`‡L Avcbv‡K
eyS‡Z n‡e †Kvb auxiliary verb ev modal verb use Kiv n‡q‡Q| Ges †h Abyhvqx tag
question G I auxiliary ev modal verb e¨envi Ki‡Z nq|

Group Verbs

Stand for (sybolise, cÖwZK i“‡c MY¨ nIqv) – P.O stands for post office.
Stand to (stick to, jvwMqv _vKv) – FHe stands to his promise.
Take agter (resemble, m`„k nIqv) – She takes after her mother.
Tkae down (write down, wjwLqv jIqv) – Take down the note in short.
Take off (put off, Lywjqv †djv) – Take off your coat.

Take after (resemble, m`„k nIqv)- She takes after her mother.
Take down (write down, wjwLqv jIqv) – Take down the note in short.
Take off (put off, Lywjqv †djv)- Take off your coat.

Tell on, upon (affect, ¶wZ Kiv) – Over eating may tell on (upon) your health.

Turn aside (deviate from, wePz¨r nIqv) – We should not turn aside from the path of
virtue.
Turn against (become hostile, kΓ nBqv DVv) – They soon turned against us.
Turn down (reject, AvMÖvn¨ Kiv) – He turned down our proposal.
Turn off (stop, eÜ Kiv) – Turn off the switch.
Turn out (drive out, weZvwoZ Kiv) – He was turned out from the school.

Work out (solve, mgvavb Kiv) – He could not work out the sum.

Practice Exercise
1. ____________ Statue of liberty was a sift of friendship from France to the to the United
States.
A. a B. an C. the D. No article E. Both a & b

2. Lack Eric is one of ________________ five Great lakes in North America.

A. a B. an C. the D. No article E. Both a & b

3. Phil can’t go to the movies tonight because he has to write ______________ essay.
A. a B. an C. the D. No article E. Both a & b

4. No one is the Bangle class knew ______________ correct answer to Mrs. Bonna’s
question.
A. a B. an C. the D. no article E. Both a & b

5. You are going to school tomorrow, ____________?

A. Are you B. Do you C. Does you D. Aren’t you E. Don’t you

7
6. She’s been studying English for two years, _______________?
A. Does she B. Doesn’t she C. hasn’t she D. has she E. isn’t she

7. You and I talked with the professor yesterday, ____________?

A. don’t we B. didn’t we C. didn’t you D. didn’t I E. didn’t you and I

8. You are taking the admission test, ___________?

A. won’t you B. will you C. aren’t you D. why aren’t you E. are you

9. Which of the following sentence is correct?

A. The matter is been examined
B. The matter having being examined
C. The matter is being examined
D. The matter has been being examined] E. None

10. Farid is batter than Hamid, ____________?

A. Isn’t it B. Isn’t not C. Is it D. Isn’t he E. Is not he

11. Choose the correct passive voice form of the following sentence :
All of his friends laughed at him.
A. He laughed at all of his friends.
B. He was laughed at by all of his friends.
C. All of his friends had laughed at him.
D. All of his friends were laughed at by him.
E. None of the above.

12. His work was interrupted ______________ our sudden noise.

A. on B. by C. in D. at E. for

13. _______________ first world war was finished with a lots of damages and tosts.
A. the B. a C. an D. no article E. both b & c

14. _______________ Chapter three is most important for your 2nd semester final exam.
A. the B. a C. an D. no article E. both b & c

15. _______________ Constitution should be changed for the benefit of people.

A. the B. a C. an D. no article E. both b & c

16. _______________ Mathematics is very important for you coming exam.

A. the B. a C. an D. no article E. both b & c

17. You cannot visit the plant _________ .

(A) except Saturdays (B) all days but Saturday
(C) excepting on Saturday (D) except on Saturday
(E) with the exceptions of Saturday s

[Link] Prime minister is said ______ Australia next year.

(A) that she will be visit (B) to be visiting
(C) to visit (D) to have visited (E) to start visit

8
19. We are happy _________ of your application for membership.
(A) for reporting approval (B) in reporting to approval
(C) to report for that approval (D) to reporting the approval
(E) to report approval

20. One of the world’s most celebrated (‡mwj‡eªB&†UW& - weL¨vZ) paintings, The
Man with the Golden Helmet, _____ .
(A) must always be a Rembrandt after all
(B) has been a Rembrandt at all
(C) will not be a Rembrandt at all
(D) is not a Rembrandt after all.
(E) is a copy of Rembrandt

21. We invite you to _________ .

(A) buy with the catalogue enclosed
(B) buy out of the enclosed catalogue
(C) look from the enclosed catalogue
(D) purchase from the enclosing catalogue
(E) buy from the enclosed catalogue

22. I am 32 years of age married and ______ the possibility of employment with you.
(A) interested to exploring
(B) have interest to exploring
(C) interested in exploring
(D) am interested for exploring
(E) will be interested to exploring

23. You certainly wouldn’t like_______ in such bad company.

(A) to be seen (B) to have seen
(C) to be seeing (D) to see (E) to have been seen

24. What is your evaluation ________?

(A) of Shacin’s leadership
(B) about the leadership ability of Shacin
(C) as to Shacin’s leadership
(D) for Shacin in his leadership ability
(E) as to the ability of leader Shacin

25. In 1998, a consumer agency concluded that Xylo brand bicycles _____ than Zenon brand
bicycles.
(A) is safe to ride (B) are safe to ride
(C) are more safe to ride (D) is safe to be riding (E) are safer to ride

26. Can you put me __________ for the weekend?

(A) in (B) up (C) away (D) down (E) only

[Link] plot of the story is so _______ that I can predict the outcome.
(A) complicated(Kg&wc‡KB&†UW& - LyeB RwUj)
(B) theoretical (C) significant (D) trite (E) fantastic

9
[Link] the fear of immediate _____ prevents that country from launching an attack.
(A) retaliation(wiU¨vwjGB&k&b& - mgywPZ cÖwZ‡kva/cvëv `ye©¨envi|)

(B) surrender (C) truce (D) control (E) disapproval

29. Even if you do not _____ what I have to say, I would appreciate your listening to me with
an open mind.
(A) anticipate (B) reject (C) clarify
(D) deviate from (E) concur with

[Link] was _____ success, writing not for the sake of fame, but for the sheer love of poetry.
(A) indifferent to (B) destined for (C) eager for
(D) tired by (E) charmed by

[Link], Sharmeen, who had been a strict mother to her children, proved ______
teacher to her students.
(A) a harsh (B) a lazy (C) a lenient
(D) a cautious (E) an indecisive

[Link] teacher suspected cheating as soon as she noticed the student’s _____ glances at his
classmate’s script.
(A) rewarding (B) rare (C) furtive(dvi&wUf& - †Pviv)
(D) cold (E) petty

[Link] his speech, the headmaster urged the teachers to discover and ____ each student’s ____
talents.
(A) suppress ….. unrecognized (B) develop... intrinsic(Bb&wUªb&wmK& -
Aš—wb©wnZ)
(C) redirect …possible (D) belittle ….hidden
(E) justify…unnecessary
[Link] meek manner made it _____ he would be ____ to take charge of the commando unit.
(A) unlikely … selected (B) implausible …. hesitant
(C) clear …designated (D) puzzling ….unwilling
(E) probable ….demoted

[Link] our supply of natural gas is _________, we must find ________ sources of energy.
(A) stored …hoarded (B) compensated ….significant
(C) exhausted…inefficient (D) increased …available
(E) depleted …alternate

36. The thief tried to _____ all traces of _____ which could link him to the crime.
(A) manufacture…goods (B) steal….paintings
(C) escape…fingerprints (D) remove…evidence
(E) disguise….valuables

37.His_______ smile _______ all those who saw it.

(A) devastating(†WfvQ&‡UB&wUO& - aŸsmvZ¥K), blinded

10
 (B) penultimate(†cbvj&wU‡gB&U&), inured
(C) radiant, obliged(Ae&jvB&R& - eva¨ Kiv/AbyMÖn Kiv)
(D) sunny, tanned
(E) bright, dazzled(W¨vS&j& - †PvL avuauv‡bv/nZevK Kiv)

38. According to recent studies, prices in supermarkets are considerably higher in the inner
city, thus ____ the poor who receive assistance (G¨vwmm&U¨vb&m&) to buy the
food.
(A) reprimanding(†iwcÖg¨vb&wWO& - K‡Vvi wZi¯‹vi/frm©bv)
(B) intimidating(Bb&wUwg‡WB&U& - eva¨ Kiv)
(C) alleviating(G¨v‡jwfGBU& - Dckg Kiv)
(D) assuaging(G¨vwmD&G&B&R& - `ytL/hvZbv cÖkwgZ Kiv)
(E) exploiting(†q·cyB‡qwUO& - ‡Kvb cwiw¯’wZi my‡hvM †bqv)
39. Since there are so few conservative thinkers on the committee, their influence on its
recommendations is ________.
(A) monumental
(B) negligible(†bM&wjwRe&j& - Zz”Q/mvgvb¨/bMY¨)
(C) discriminatory(wWQ&wµwg‡b‡Uvwi - c¶cvZg~jK/ˆelg¨g~jK)
(D) impractical(Bg&cÖ¨vK&wUK¨vj& - e¨enviAbyc‡hvMx)
(E) cathartic(K¨v_vi&wUK& - †gv¶Y/Av‡eMgyw³)

40. It has been proven that cockroaches _______ for several weeks even after their heads
have been cut off.
(A) are surviving
(B) can survive(mvi&fvB&f& - †eu‡P _vKv)
(C) surviving (D) that survive (E) survives
41. _____ , the young man chose to retain(wi‡UB&b& - i¶v Kiv) his seat on the crowded
bus and let
the old woman remain standing.
(A) Gleefully(Mxdywj - DjwmZfv‡e)
(B) Hopefully(†nŠc&dzwj - Avkvbyiƒcfv‡e)
(C) Painfully(†cB&b&dzwj)
(D) Foolishly (E) Selfishly

42. The pressure(†cÖmvi& - Pvc) of population on available resources is the key to

understanding history; consequently, any historical writing that takes no cognizance
(KM&wbS¨vb&m& - ÁvZ ev AeMZ) of ______ facts is ______ flawed.
(A) demographic, intrinsically (Bb&wUªb&wmK¨vjx - Rb¥MZfv‡e; Aš—
wb©wnZfv‡e)
(B) ecological, marginally
(C) cultural, substantively (mve&÷¨vb&wUf&wj - cÖPzi cwigv‡Y)
(D) psychological, philosophically
(E) political, demonstratively (†W‡gvb&‡÷ªwUf&wj - ¯úófv‡e)

11
43. Because it is _____ to ______ all the business costs related to employee discontent, an
accurate estimate of the magnitude (g¨vM&wbwUD&W& - wekvjZv) of these costs
is not easily calculated.
(A) impossible, justify
(B) improper, overlook
(C) difficult, measure
(D) useless, discover
(E) necessary, pinpoint (wcb&c‡qb&U& - mywbw`©ófv‡e wbY©q Kiv)

44. Scientists who are on the cutting edge of research must often violate common sense and
make seemingly _____ assumptions because existing theories simply do not ____ newly
observed phenomena.
(A) radical, confirm
(B) vague, incorporate (Bb&Ki‡cv‡iB&U& - Aš—f©~³ Kiv)
(C) absurd (G¨ve&mvi&W& - Aevš—i), explain
(D) mistaken, reveal (wifxj& - cÖKvk Kiv)
(E) inexact (Bb&‡qM&S¨vK&U& - Ah_vh_), corroborate(K‡iv‡eŠ‡iB&U& -
mg_©b Kiv)

45. Because many of the minerals found on the ocean floor are still _______ on land, where
mining is relatively inexpensive, mining the ocean floor has yet to become a ______
enterprise.
(A) scarce, common
(B) accessible, marginal
(C) unidentified, subsidized
(D) conserved, public
(E) plentiful(†cb&wUdzj& - cÖPzi), profitable

46. Opponents of the expansion (†q·c¨vb&kb& - cÖmviY) of the market economy,

although in ________ , continued to constitute ________ political force throughout the
country.
(A) error, an inconsequential
(B) retreat(wiUªxU& - am&; cðv`miY), a powerful
(C) disarray(wWQ&G¨v‡iB - wek„•Ljv), a disciplined
(D) jeopardy(†RIcvi&wW - SuywK ev wec`), an ineffective(Bb&B‡dK&wUf& -
AKvh©Ki ev e¨_©)
(E) command, a viable(fvBGB&e&j& - wU‡K _vK‡Z m¶g)

47. Because the novel was so long, Jalil decided to read the version.
(A) lengthened (B) smaller
(C) abridged(ms‡¶wcZ) (D) famous
(E) humorous

48. a parliamentary system, the prime minister must be appointed on the

basis of the distribution of power in the parliament.
(A) The considered
(B) To be considered
(C) Considering (we‡ePbv K‡i)
(D) Considers
(E) Is considering

12
49. The psychologist set up the experiment to test the rat’s ; he wished to see how well
the rat adjusted (Lvc LvIqvq) to the changing conditions it had to face.
(A) reflexes (B) communicability
(C) Curtailed(Kvi&†UB&j& - KvUQuvU Kiv)
(D) adaptability(Lvc LvIqv‡bvi ¶gZv)
(E) pragmatism

50. In a time of fiscal crisis(ivR¯^ msKU), such lavish(AwZwi³ e¨q) expenditure must
be ______ .
(A) quickened (B) corrected
(C) curtailed (D) justified (E) adjusted
51. The officers of the corporation promised there would be no ; nothing
would be held against the strikers.
(A) truce (B) retaliation(cvëv Reve)
(C) favoritism (D) reservations
(E) scabs(†h mKj kªwgK ag©N‡U KvR K‡i Zv‡`i‡K ¯‹¨ve& e‡j Zz”Q Kiv nq)

52. Feeling restless and unhappy, he left the house to take a quiet stroll(kvš— nvIqv †L‡Z
†ei nIqv), hoping the tone of the day would not decline further into _________ and
uncertainty.
(A) dissonance (B) ardor (C) perversity
(D) pretense (E) reticence

Answer Keys
1. (C) ‡h †Kvb Mountains, Statue BZ¨vw` Av‡M the e‡m| ZvB Correct Answer n‡e C
(the) .
2. (C) Singular Lake Gi Av‡M the e‡m bv| but plural lake Gi Avv‡M the e‡m| GLv‡b
†h‡nZz Òfive great lakes” ejv Av‡Q| ZvB GLv‡b the em‡e|
3. (A) ‡h †Kvb vowel sound Gi Av‡M article wn‡m‡e Òan” e‡m| GLv‡b ZvB essay
Gi Av‡M an em‡e|
4. (C) ‡Kvb wbw`©ó e¯Zzi Av‡M the e‡m| GLv‡b †h‡nZz GKwU wbw`©ó
Correct Answer Gi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q, ZvB Av‡M the em‡e|
5. (D) Auxiliary verb are _vK‡Z Ges sentence wU positive _vKv‡Z tag n‡e Negative. So
GLv‡b question tag wn‡m‡e `Aren’t you” n‡e|
6. (C) Sentence Structure ‡`‡L eySv hv‡”Q GwU present perfect continuous tense. So,
GLv‡b She’s gv‡b `She has” So, Correct tag question form n‡e Ò hasn’t She” .
7. (B) GLv‡b Subject `ywU _vKv‡Z tag question ‰Zixi mgq we e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e|
Avi Sentence wU †h‡nZz past simple, ZvB question tag n‡e Òdidn’t we” .
8. (C) Sentence positive nevi Kvi‡Y Ges auxiliary verb _vKv‡Z aren’t you n‡e|
9. (C) Continuous tense Gi passive voice Ki‡Z n‡j is Gi ci being e‡m| ZvB correct
answer Gi †¶‡Î Òis being” em‡e|
10. (D) Auxiliary verb wn‡m‡e sentence G †h‡nZz is Av‡Q Ges sentence wU positive,
So tag question wn‡m‡e Òisn’t” em‡e| pronoun wn‡m‡e GLv‡b he e‡m‡e|
11. (B) Sentence wU GKwU past indefinite tense. So, passive voice wn‡m‡e Ò he was
laughed --------------------Ó n‡e|
12. (B) Passive voice Gi †¶‡Î Preposition wn‡m‡e †ekxifvM †¶‡ÎB by em‡e|
ZvQvov GLv‡b Ab¨vb¨ preposition Gi †P‡q by wUB †ekx suite K‡i|

13
13. (A) ‡h †Kvb ordinal number Gi Av‡M the e‡m|
14. (D) ‡Kvb Cardinal number Gi †¶‡Î Av‡M the emv‡Z nq bv| GLv‡b Òthree”
GKwU Cardinal number.
15. (A) ‡h †Kvb historical document Gi Av‡M the e‡m| ZvB GLv‡b Constitution Gi
Av‡M the em‡e|
16. (D) wKQz wKQz word subject wn‡m‡e em‡j Zvi Av‡M †Kvb article use Ki‡Z
nq bv| mathematics G iKg GKwU word.
17. (D)

18. (B) GLv‡b present progressive tense e¨eüZ n‡et ‡Kbbv GB sentence-wU‡Z
fwel¨‡Zi wbw`©ó plan/ personal arrangement eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q, we‡kl K‡i
GLv‡b fwel¨‡Zi time selected Kiv Av‡Q| myZivs “...said to start visit...”/
“.......said to visit.......”/ “.......said to have visited.....”/ “....said that she will visit.....”
e¨eüZ bv n‡q present progressive “....said to be visiting ......” n‡e|
19. (E) ‡h me adjective personal feelings/expressions /reactions cÖf„wZ cÖKvk K‡i,
†m me adjectives-i ci cÖvqB Infinitive “to” use nq A_©vr “..... happy in.....” (B),
“.......happy for.....” (A), use bv n‡q “......happy to report....” (E) use n‡e| Avgiv
Rvwb, Infinitive “to” Gici g~j verb-Gi †Kvb cwieZ©b nq bv A_©vr “....to
reporting.....” (D) n‡e bv| Avevi, choice (C)-G “for that” phrase-wU
unnecessary/irrelevant hv ev‡K¨i A‡_©i mv‡_ Lvc Lvq bv|
20. (D) Avgiv Rvwb, “After all” e¨eüZ nq mvaviYZ aviYvi wecixZ wKQz
eSv‡bvi Rb¨ (“contrary to what was expected”/“in spite of what was said before”).
G‡¶‡Î GKgvÎ (D) DËiwUB Lvc Lvq| GLv‡b hv expected Zvi wecixZ aviYvi
mv‡_ “after all” e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q| A_©vr QwewU celebrated nIqv m‡Ë¡I
Rembrandt-i bq| Choice (E) grammatically correct e‡jI sentence-Gi meaning-Gi mv‡_
Lvc Lvq bv| KviY Rembrandt-Gi copy weL¨vZ wPÎKg© n‡Z cv‡i bv| DËi (C)
Ges (A)-‡Z negative idea _vK‡jI, GwU Rembrandt wK-bv, Zv future-G wba©viY
Kiv m¤¢e bq e‡j (A), (C) correct bq|
21. (E) GLv‡b “.....buy with....” (A), “......buy out.....” (B), bv n‡q “.......buy from......”
(E) n‡e| †Kbbv, GwUB preposition-Gi mwVK e¨envi|
22. (C) “interested”-Gi ci preposition “in” hy³ n‡e|
23. (A) Sentence-wU passive/indirect e‡j “......to be seen.....” n‡q‡Q|
24. (A) “evaluation”-Gi ci preposition “of” hy³ n‡e|
25. (E) ‡h‡nZz GLv‡b `yÕ†Uv brand-Gi cycle-Gi g‡a¨ Zzjbv eySv‡”Q, †m‡nZz
comparative “safer” (E) use Ki‡Z n‡e|
26. (B) “Put some body up” gv‡b _vKv-LvIqvi e‡›`ve¯— K‡i †`qv|
27.(D) outcome A_© cwiYwZ/djvdj| predict(‡cÖwWK&U&) A_© fwel¨ØvYx Kiv|
trite (UªvB&U&) A_© MZvbyMwZK ev GKB ai‡Yi, Zvi gv‡b bZzbZ¡ †bB Ggb
wKQy|
28.(A) (C) Truce(Uªym&) mvgwqK hy×weiwZ| cÖwZ‡ekx †`k‡K AvµgY Kiv
†_‡K †`kUv weiZ i‡q‡Q ïay GKUv Zvr¶wYK wKQyi f‡q| ïay A-Gi retaliation
(cÖwZ‡kvag~jK AvNvZ) k~b¨¯’v‡b Lvc Lvq|

29.(E) Kb&Kvi& - m¤§Z nIqv; (B) wi‡RK&U& - cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kiv (C) K¬¨vwidvB&
- e¨vL¨v Kiv| Even w`‡q contrast-Gi Bw½Z †`qv n‡jv| wØZxqvs‡k ejv n‡jv †h,
Zzwg †Lvjv g‡b Avgvi K_v ï‡bv| cÖ_gvs‡k even (hw`I) _vKv‡Z ‡evSv hv‡”Q
k~b¨¯’v‡b Ggb GKUv kã em‡e, †hUv KviI K_v †kvbvi ci Avkv Kiv nq, †hgbt

14
K_v ï‡b †kªvZv nq‡Zv †mB g‡Zv KvR Ki‡e ev †mB K_vi mv‡_ GKgZ n‡e
cÖf„wZ| concur with A_© GKgZ nIqv|

30.(A) wkqvi& - wb‡f©Rvj, †Kej; (A) Bb&wWdv‡ib&U& - D`vmxb|

‡m Qwe AuvKwQ‡jv L¨vwZ ev cqmvi Rb¨ bv, eis ïaygvÎ (sheer) wk‡íi cÖwZ
fvjevmvi Rb¨| †evSv hv‡”Q, success cvIqvi Rb¨ Zvi †Kv‡bv gv_ve¨_v wQ‡jv
bv, ïaygvÎ indifferent to (D`vmxb) k~b¨¯’v‡b Lvc Lvq|

31.(C) Paradoxically(¯^we‡ivax/ci¯úi we‡ivax) kã w`‡q contrast-Gi Bw½Z †`qv

Av‡Q| GRb¨ k~Y¨¯’v‡b strict (k³/Kov/K‡Vvi)-Gi wecixZ lenient (†jwb‡qb&U& -
m`q, cÖkªqc~Y©; †Kvgj) kãwU appropriate.

32.(C) GLv‡b she e‡j teacher-‡K refer Kiv n‡”Q ev †evSvb n‡”Q| wZwb student-Gi
______ glance j¶¨ Kivi mv‡_ mv‡_B (as soon as), wZwb suspect (m‡›`n) Ki‡jb †h
QvÎwU cheating Ki‡Q| Zvn‡j, glances (¶wYK, `ª“Z `„wó) kãwUi Av‡M GKwU
negative word em‡e| (C)-Gi furtive A_© †Pviv ev ¸ß `„wó|

33.(B) urge (Avi&R&) A_© †Rviv‡jv Aby‡iva Kiv| Headmaster-iv student-‡`i intrinsic
talents-‡K `gb (Suppress) K‡i bv ev belittle(Le© Kiv) K‡i bv, eis develop K‡i|

34.(A) meek (gxB&K&) A_© jvRyK/bgª| Zvi meek manner-Gi Kvi‡Y commando unit
(A_©vr †mbv Kg¨v‡Ûv `j)-Gi charge ev `vwqZ¡ †bqv wbðqB m¤¢e n‡e bv|
AZGe, cÖ_g k~b¨¯’v‡b (A)-Gi unlikely (Avb&jvB&K&wj - Am¤¢ve¨) Ges (B)-Gi
implausible (Bg&cwSej& - Am¤¢ve¨) Lvc Lvq| GLb, wØZxq blank-G ïaygvÎ (A)-
Gi selected Lvc Lvq|
35.(E) deplete(wWcxU& - wbt‡kl n‡q hvIqv); alternate (Aj&Uvi&‡bB&U&) A_©
weKí| natural gas-Gi supply †kl n‡q †M‡j(depleted/exhausted) kw³i inefficient
(AKvh©Ki) (C) bq, eis alternate Drm LyuR‡Z n‡e|
36.. (D) trace (†UªB&m&) A_© wPý| evidence (†qwf‡Wb&m&) A_© cÖgvY| †Pvi
me©`vB †Póv K‡i †hb Zvi crime-Gi †Kvb evidence bv _v‡K|
37. (E) 38. (E) 39. (B) 40. (B) 41. (E)
42. (A) demographic (†WgMÖvwdK&) - RbmsL¨v-welqK| intrinsically
(Bb&wUªb&wmK¨vwj)-Aš—wb©wnZfv‡e; cognizance (KM&wbR¨vb&m&) -
AeMwZ|
ev‡K¨ ejv n‡q‡Q, “history-†K Dcjwä Ki‡Z cÖvß m¤ú‡`i Dci RbmsL¨vi Pvc
nj GKwU g~L¨ Dcvq”, c‡ii As‡k ejv n‡q‡Q †h, †Kvb HwZnvwmK writing
hv Avg‡j †bq bv ev writing-G ¯’vb †`q bv “facts’’| wK ai‡Yi fact ev NUbv Zv
choice (A)-†Z cvIqv hvq, †h‡nZz ev‡K¨i cÖ_g As‡k RbmsL¨vi welq
m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q‡Q, ZvB c‡ii As‡kI RbmsL¨v m¤ú‡K©B n‡e|

43. (C) ev‡K¨i †klvs‡k ejv n‡q‡Q GB e¨q mg~‡ni [gv‡b cÖ_g As‡k †h e¨‡qi
K_v ejv n‡q‡Q A_©vr employee discontent (Amš‘wó) msµvš— e¨emvwqK
costs] wbfy©j cwigvc (estimate) mn‡R “calculate” Kiv hvq bv gv‡b measure
Kiv difficult|

44. (C) cutting edge gv‡b †Kv‡bv wKQzi Dbœq‡bi P~ovš— ch©vq| ev‡K¨ cÖ_g
w`‡Ki g~j K_v nj Advanced ch©v‡qi M‡elKiv cÖvqB common sense-Gi mxgv
jsNb K‡i Avi GKvi‡Y A™¢~Z ev A‡hŠw³K wKQz K‡i| Zvn‡j Answer choice
(C)-‡Z GiKg kã cvIqv hvq A_©vr D³iƒc scientists-iv seemingly (AvcvZ`„wó‡Z)

15
 absurd (A¨ve&mvi&W&)-A‡hŠw³K assumption (†Kv‡bv wKQz mZ¨ e‡j a‡i
†bqv) K‡i, KviY we`¨gvb w_Iixmg~n m`¨ ch©‡e¶YK…Z ev¯—e
NUbvmg~n (phenomena) cy‡ivcywi e¨vL¨v K‡i bv|

45. (E) Sentence-Gi ga¨eZ©x As‡k ejv n‡q‡Q, “‡hLv‡b Lwb Lbb (mining)
Z~jbvg~jKfv‡e Kg e¨qeûjÓ GKUz wPš—v Ki‡j eySv hvq LwbR D‡Ëvj‡b
†hLv‡b e¨q Kg †mLv‡b (gv‡b Land) Aek¨B h‡_ó cwigv‡Y (plentiful) LwbR
Av‡Q| ev‡K¨i †klvsk nj mgy‡`ªi Zj‡`‡k mining e¨qeûj nIqv‡Z GLbI m‡š—
vlRbK ev jvfRbK (profitable) e¨emvq cwiYZ nq bvB|
46. (B) retreat (wiUªxU&) - †Kv‡bv wKQz †_‡K wcQz nUv|
opponent(A‡cŠ‡bb&U&) - we‡ivax c¶|
sentence-G evRvi A_©bxwZi we‡ivax c‡¶i K_v ejv n‡”Q, although w`‡q
Zv‡`i m¤ú‡K© negative aviYv w`‡q c‡ii As‡k Zv‡`i m¤ú‡K© fvj activities
eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| A_©vr hw`I (although) Zv‡`i †Kvb wKQz‡Z NvUwZ, Zviv
mviv‡`‡k GKai‡bi ivR‰bwZK kw³i MVb Ae¨vnZ †i‡L‡Q| †Kvb& w`‡K
Zv‡`i NvUwZ Ges wK ai‡bi ivR‰bwZK kw³ GiKg cÖkœ Ki‡j (B)-†K Answer
choice wn‡m‡e wb‡Z n‡e| Zvn‡j ev‡K¨i A_© `uvovq, evRvi A_©bxwZ
m¤cÖmvi‡Yi we‡ivaxiv hw`I wcQ‡b c‡o Av‡Q, Z_vwc Zviv mviv‡`‡k
GKwU kw³kvjx ivR‰bwZK kw³ MVb Ae¨vnZ †i‡L‡Q|

47. (C) 48. (B)

49. (D) cix¶vi mgq ‡hfv‡e AvMv‡Z n‡e, †mfv‡e bx‡Pi e¨vL¨vwU wjLv n‡q‡Q|
cÖ_‡g cÖ`Ë evK¨wU cov hvKt

The psychologist set up the experiment to test the rat’s ______ ; gb¯—Ë¡we` Bu`y‡ii
______ cix¶v Kivi Rb¨ cix¶vwU set up ev ˆZix K‡ib)| ‡mwg-‡Kvj‡bi gva¨‡g
ev‡K¨i GB AskwU cy‡ivcywifv‡eB †kl K‡i †`qv n‡jv|  k~b¨¯’v‡b wK
em‡e, (A_©vr Bu`y‡ii †Kvb& ¸YwU), Zv †ei Kivi Rb¨ †mwg-‡Kvj‡bi c‡ii
Ask †Lqvj K‡i gb w`‡q co‡Z n‡e he wished to see how well the rat adjusted to the
changing conditions it had to face.
Gevi GB ev‡K¨i A_© wPš—v Kiv hvKt wZwb Pvw”Q‡jb †`L‡Z ( _______ )
+ how well (= KZ fv‡jvfv‡e) + Bu`yiwU + adjusted (Lvc LvB‡q wb‡qwQ‡jv) +
to the changing conditions

GLv‡b changing A_© Kx, GKUz wPš—v K‡i ejyb‡Zv! GQvovI, changing
kãwU verb, bv noun, bv adjective, bv adverb cÖf„wZi †KvbwU, †mUvI GKUz
†ei Kivi †Póv Ki“b| ................. changing-Gi Av‡M Av‡Q the, Ges c‡i Av‡Q
conditions(Kb&wWkb&m& A_© Ae¯’vmg~n)| the _vKv‡Z †evSv hv‡”Q, the-
Gi ci GKwU noun n‡e, Avi †mB noun-wU n‡jv conditions kãwU| Avi conditions
†Kgb, Zv †evSvi Rb¨ ejv n‡jv changing (A_©vr, cwieZ©bkxj)| Zvi gv‡b,
changing n‡jv adjective|

ev‡K¨i †k‡l Av‡Q face| GB †dB&m& A_© wKš‘ †Pnviv bq, KviY, face-Gi
Av‡M Av‡Q had to hvi A_© Ki‡ZB n‡e|  it had to face A_© GwU †K‡bv
wKQzi m¤§yLxb n‡eB| Aek¨B, conditions Ges it kãwUi gv‡S which _vK‡j
ev‡K¨i A_© †evSv Av‡iv mnR †nv‡Zv| he wished ..... the changing conditions,
which it had to face ........ A_©vr, wZwb †`L‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb Bu`yiwU K‡Zv

16
 fv‡jvfv‡e wewfbœ cwieZ©bkxj Ae¯’vi m¤§yLxb n‡q, †m¸‡jvi mv‡_
wb‡R‡K Lvc LvB‡q wb‡Z cv‡i|  DËi n‡e (D)|
50. (C)

51. (B)

52. (A)

17