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Mar 19, 2025 / Ramsar Sites / 16

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Table of contents

1. Ramsar Sites in India

1.1. Newly Added Ramsar Sites (February 2025)
2. State-wise List of Ramsar Sites of India
2.1. Newly Added Ramsar Sites (February 2025)
3. State-wise Number of Ramsar Sites
4. State-wise Area of Ramsar Sites
5. Largest, Smallest and Oldest Ramsar Sites in India
5.1. Largest Ramsar Sites in India
5.2. Smallest Ramsar Sites in India
5.3. Oldest Ramsar Sites in India
6. Description of Ramsar Sites in India
6.1. Andhra Pradesh (1)
6.2. Assam (1)
6.3. Bihar (3)
6.4. Goa (1)
6.5. Gujarat (4)
6.6. Haryana (2)
6.7. Himachal Pradesh (3)
6.8. Jharkhand (1)
6.9. Karnataka (4)
6.10. Kerala (3)
6.11. Madhya Pradesh (5)
6.12. Maharashtra (3)
6.13. Manipur (1)
6.14. Mizoram (1)
6.15. Odisha (6)
6.16. Punjab (6)
6.17. Rajasthan (2)
6.18. Sikkim (1)
6.19. Tamil Nadu (18)
6.20. Tripura (1)
6.21. UT of JK (5)
6.22. UT of Ladakh (2)
6.23. Uttar Pradesh (10)
6 24 U kh
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6.24. Uttarakhand (1)
6.25. West Bengal (2)

As of February 2025, there are 89 Ramsar Sites in India. Tamil Nadu (20)
boasts the highest number of Ramsar Sites.

Ramsar Sites in India

Ahead of World Wetlands Day (February 2), India has increased its tally
of Ramsar sites (Wetlands of International Importance) to 89 from the
existing 85 by designating four more wetlands as Ramsar sites. Notably,
Jharkhand and Sikkim received their first Ramsar designations.

Newly Added Ramsar Sites (February 2025)

1. Sakkarakottai Bird Sanctuary (Tamil Nadu)

2. Therthangal Bird Sanctuary Tamil Nadu)
3. Khecheopalri Wetland (Sikkim)
4. Udhwa Lake (Jharkhand)

Previously in November 2025, Ramsar Site certificates were given away to:

1. Nagi Bird Sanctuary, Bihar

2. Nakti Bird Sanctuary, Bihar
3. Tawa Reservoir, Madhya Pradesh
4. Nanjarayan Bird Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu
5. Kazhuveli Bird Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu

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State-wise List of Ramsar Sites of India

Designated
[Link]. Ramsar Site State Area (km2)
Year

Andhra
1 Kolleru Lake 2002 901
Pradesh

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2 Deepor Beel Assam 2002 40

3 Kanwar (Kabar) Taal Bihar 2020 26.2

4 Nagi Bird Sanctuary Bihar 2023 2

5 Nakti Bird Sanctuary Bihar 2023 3.3

6 Nanda Lake Goa 2022 0.42

7 Khijadia WLS Gujarat 2021 6

8 Nalsarovar BS Gujarat 2012 123

9 Thol Lake Gujarat 2021 6.99

10 Wadhvana Wetland Gujarat 2021 10.38

11 Bhindawas WLS Haryana 2021 4.11

12 Sultanpur NP Haryana 2021 142.5

Himachal
13 Chandra Taal 2005 0.49
Pradesh

Himachal
14 Pong Dam Lake 2002 156.62
Pradesh

Himachal
15 Renuka Lake 2005 0.2
Pradesh

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16 Ranganathituu BS Karnataka 2022 5.18

Magadi Kere Karnataka

17 2024 0.5
Conservation Reserve

Ankasamudra Bird Karnataka

18 2024 0.98
Conservation Reserve

19 Aghanashini Estuary Karnataka 2024 4.8

20 Ashtamudi Wetland Kerala 2002 614

21 Sasthamkotta Lake Kerala 2002 3.73

Vembanad-Kol

22 Wetland (Longest Lake Kerala 1905 1,512.5

in India)

Madhya
23 Bhoj Wetland 2002 32
Pradesh

Madhya
24 Sakhya Sagar 2022 2.48
Pradesh

Madhya
25 Sirpur wetland 2022 1.61
Pradesh

Madhya
26 Yashwant Sagar 2022 8.22
Pradesh

Madhya
27 Tawa Reservoir 2024 200
Pradesh

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Lonar Lake (Impact

28 Maharashtra 2020 4.27
Crater Lake)

Nandur
29 Maharashtra 2019 14
Madhameshwar

30 Thane Creek Maharashtra 2022 65.21

31 Loktak Lake Manipur 1990 266

32 Pala Wetland Mizoram 2021 18.5

33 Ansupa Lake Odisha 2021 2.31

Bhitarkanika
34 Odisha 2002 650
Mangroves

Chilika Lake (Oldest

35 Odisha 1981 1,165
Ramsar Site in India)

36 Hirakud Reservoir Odisha 2021 654

37 Satkosia Gorge Odisha 2021 981.97

38 Tampara Lake Odisha 2021 3

39 Beas CnR Punjab 2019 64

40 Harike Wetland Punjab 1990 41

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41 Kanjli Wetland Punjab 2002 1.83

42 Keshopur-Miani CmR Punjab 2019 34

43 Nangal WLS Punjab 2019 1

44 Ropar Wetland Punjab 2002 13.65

Keoladeo National
45 Rajasthan 1981 28.73
Park

46 Sambhar Lake Rajasthan 1990 240

47 Chitrangudi BS Tamil Nadu 2021 2.6

Gulf of Mannar Marine

48 Tamil Nadu 2022 526.72
BR

49 Kanjirankulam BS Tamil Nadu 2022 0.96

50 Karikili BS Tamil Nadu 2022 0.584

51 Koonthankulam BS Tamil Nadu 2021 0.72

Pallikaranai Marsh
52 Tamil Nadu 2022 12.475
Reserve Forest

53 Pichavaram Mangrove Tamil Nadu 2022 14.786

Point Calimere WLS &

54 Tamil Nadu 2002 389
BS

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Suchindram Theroor
55 Tamil Nadu 2022 0.94
Wetland Complex

Udhayamarthandapuram
56 Tamil Nadu 2022 0.44
BS

57 Vaduvur BS Tamil Nadu 2022 1.12

58 Vedanthangal BS Tamil Nadu 2022 0.4

59 Vellode BS Tamil Nadu 2022 0.77

Vembannur Wetland
60 Tamil Nadu 2022 0.2
Complex

61 Karaivetti Bird Sanctuary Tamil Nadu 2024 4.5

Longwood Shola
62 Tamil Nadu 2024 1.16
Reserve Forest

Nanjarayan Bird
63 Tamil Nadu 2024 1.3
Sanctuary

Kazhuveli Bird
64 Tamil Nadu 2024 1,513
Sanctuary

65 Rudrasagar Lake Tripura 2005 2.4

66 Hokera Wetland UT of JK 2005 13.75

67 Hygam Wetland CnR UT of JK 2022 8.02

68 Shallbugh Wetland CnR UT of JK 2022 16.75

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69 Surinsar-Mansar Lakes UT of JK 2005 3.5

70 Wular Lake UT of JK 1990 189

Tso Kar (High Altitude UT of

71 Ramsar Site) Ladakh 2020 95.77

Tsomoriri (High UT of
72 Altitude Ramsar Site) Ladakh 2002 120

Uttar
73 Bakhira WLS 2021 28.94
Pradesh

Uttar
74 Haiderpur Wetland 2021 69
Pradesh

Uttar
75 Nawabganj BS 2019 2
Pradesh

Uttar
76 Parvati Arga BS 2019 7
Pradesh

Uttar
77 Saman BS 2019 5
Pradesh

Uttar
78 Samaspur BS 2019 8
Pradesh

Uttar
79 Sandi BS 2019 3
Pradesh

Uttar
80 Sarsai Nawar Jheel 2019 2
Pradesh

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Sur Sarovar (Keetham Uttar

81 2020 4.31
Lake) Pradesh

Upper Ganga River Uttar

82 2005 265.9
(Brijghat to Narora) Pradesh

83 Asan Barrage Uttarakhand 2020 4.44

84 East Kolkata Wetlands West Bengal 2002 125

Sundarban Wetland

85 (Largest Ramsar Site in West Bengal 2019 4,230

India)

Newly Added Ramsar Sites (February 2025)

86) Sakkarakottai Bird Sanctuary (Tamil Nadu)

87) Therthangal Bird Sanctuary Tamil Nadu)

88) Khecheopalri Wetland (Sikkim)

89) Udhwa Lake (Jharkhand)

BS: Bird Sanctuary | WLS: Wildlife Sanctuary | BR: Biosphere Reserve |

CnR: Conservation Reserve | CmR: Community Reserve | IBA:
Important Bird and Biodiversity Area (designated by Birdlife
International)
Most Indian Ramsar Sites lie on the Central Asian Flyway for migratory
avian species.

State-wise Number of Ramsar Sites

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Rank State No. of Ramsar Sites

1 Tamil Nadu 18

2 Uttar Pradesh 10

3 Odisha 6

4 Punjab 6

5 UT of JK 5

6 Madhya Pradesh 5

7 Gujarat 4

8 Karnataka 4

9 Bihar 3

10 Kerala 3

11 Himachal Pradesh 3

12 Maharashtra 3

13 West Bengal 2

14 Rajasthan 2

15 UT of Ladakh 2

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16 Haryana 2

17 Andhra Pradesh 1

18 Manipur 1

19 Assam 1

20 Mizoram 1

21 Uttarakhand 1

22 Tripura 1

23 Goa 1

89 Ramsar Sites in total

State-wise Area of Ramsar Sites

Rank State Area Under Ramsar Sites (km2)

1 West Bengal 4,355

2 Odisha 3,456

3 Tamil Nadu 2,469

4 Kerala 2,130

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5 Andhra Pradesh 901

6 Uttar Pradesh 395

7 Rajasthan 269

8 Manipur 266

9 Madhya Pradesh 244

10 UT of JK 231

11 UT of Ladakh 216

12 Himachal Pradesh 157

13 Punjab 156

14 Haryana 147

15 Gujarat 146

16 Maharashtra 84

17 Assam 40

18 Bihar 31

19 Mizoram 19

20 Karnataka 11.7

21 Uttarakhand 4.4

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22 Tripura 2.4

23 Goa 0.42

Total Area = ~15,700 km2

Largest, Smallest and Oldest Ramsar Sites in India

Largest Ramsar Sites in India

Ramsar Site State Area (km2)

1 Sundarban Wetland West Bengal 4,230

2 Kazhuveli Bird Sanctuary Tamil Nadu 1,513

3 Vembanad-Kol Wetland Kerala 1,512.5

4 Chilika Lake Odisha 1,165

5 Satkosia Gorge Odisha 981.97

6 Kolleru Lake Andhra Pradesh 901

Smallest Ramsar Sites in India

Ramsar Site State Area (km2)

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1 Renuka Lake Himachal Pradesh 0.2

2 Vembannur Wetland Complex Tamil Nadu 0.2

3 Vedanthangal BS Tamil Nadu 0.4

4 Nanda Lake Goa 0.42

5 Udhayamarthandapuram BS Tamil Nadu 0.44

Oldest Ramsar Sites in India

1 Chilka Lake – 1981

2 Keoladeo Ghana NP – 1981

Description of Ramsar Sites in India

Andhra Pradesh (1)

It is a naturally eutrophic (nutrient-rich) lake between the

Godavari and the Krishna river basins. It was previously a
lagoon, but now it is several kilometres inland due to the
coastline of emergence and delta formation. Two seasonal
rivers directly feed it.
Kolleru
It sustains both culture and capture fisheries, agriculture
Lake
and related occupations.
Threats: paddy cultivation, overexploitation, flooding in
monsoon season, etc.
Endangered Avifauna: Grey Pelican or Spot-Billed Pelican
(VU)

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Assam (1)

It is a permanent freshwater lake in a former channel of the

Brahmaputra River. It is a few kilometres to the left of
Guwahati, whereas Pobitora WLS is around 35 km to the
right.
Deepor
Beel Threats: over-fishing, hunting, pollution from pesticides,
and infestation by water hyacinth.
Endangered Avifauna: Grey Pelican or Spot-billed pelican
(VU), Lesser Adjutant Stork (VU), Greater Adjutant Stork
(EN), Baer’s Pochard (CR).

Bihar (3)

It lies in the Indo-Gangetic Plain.

Kanwar Taal or Endangered Avifauna: Red-Headed Vulture (CR),
Kabar Taal White-Rumped Vulture (CR), Indian Vulture (CR) –
Lake and two waterbirds, the Baer’s Pochard (CR) and
Sociable Lapwing (CR).

Nagi Bird Sanctuary was created following the

damming of the Nagi River.
Threatened migratory species that winter at the Site
Nagi Bird
include the critically endangered Baer’s pochard
Sanctuary
and the endangered steppe eagle.
The Site hosts one of the largest congregations of
bar-headed goose on the Indo-Gangetic plain.

Nakti BS Nakti Bird Sanctuary is a man-made wetland which

was developed primarily for irrigation through the
construction of Nakti Dam.
Since the dam’s construction, the wetland has
provided habitat for a vulnerable native catfish
(Wallago attu).
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The Site hosts one of the largest congregations of

red-crested pochard on the Indo-Gangetic plain.

Goa (1)

Nanda It is an intermittent freshwater marsh adjacent to one of

Lake the tributaries of the Zuari River.

Gujarat (4)

It is a freshwater wetland located in Jamnagar District

near the coast of the Gulf of Kutch. It was formed
Khijadia following the creation of a bund (dike) to protect
WLS farmland from saltwater ingress.
Endangered Species: Pallas’s Fish-Eagle (EN), Indian
Skimmer (EN), Indian Bdellium-Tree (CR)

It is the largest natural freshwater lake (a relict sea) in

the Thar Desert of Gujarat.
Nalsarovar The wetland is a lifeline for a satellite population of the
BS endangered Indian Wild Ass (NT).
Endangered Avifauna: Sociable Lapwing (CR), Sarus
Crane (VU)

It is a human-made reservoir essential during the dry

seasons for Blackbucks (LC).
Thol Lake
Endangered Avifauna: White-Rumped Vulture (CR),
Sociable Lapwing (CR)

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This human-made reservoir is located in a semi-arid

Wadhvana agricultural landscape.
Wetland Endangered Avifauna: Pallas’s Fish-Eagle (EN), Sarus
Crane (VU), Common Pochard (VU)

Haryana (2)

It is a human-made freshwater wetland. It shares its

Bhindawas border with Khaparwas WLS (Haryana).
WLS Endangered Avifauna: Egyptian Vultures (EN), Pallas’s
Fish-Eagle (EN)

It is located just 15km away from Delhi. The Sultanpur

Jeel inside the park is an IBA.
Sultanpur
Endangered Avifauna: Sociable Lapwing (CR), Egyptian
NP
Vultures (EN), Pallas’s Fish-Eagle (EN), Saker Falcon
(EN), Black-Bellied Tern (EN)

Himachal Pradesh (3)

It is a high-altitude lake near Kunzum Pass on the upper

Chandra River valley. Chandra and Bhaga rivers merge to
form the Chenab River in the Lahaul region of Himachal
Chandra
Pradesh.
Taal
Threats: overgrazing by the nomadic herdsmen.
Major Fauna: Snow Leopard (VU), Himalayan Ibex (NT),
Blue Sheep (Bharal – LC)

It is a reservoir on the Beas River. It is also known as

Pong Maharana Pratap Sagar.
Dam Lake It lies on the Trans-Himalayan Flyway for migratory
Waterfowls

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It is a natural wetland with freshwater springs and inland

Renuka subterranean karst formations.
Lake The lake is named after the mother of Hindu sage
Parshuram.

Jharkhand (1)

Udhwa is named after saint Uddhava of Mahabharat times,

a friend of Lord Krishna.
The Sanctuary has two water bodies i.e. Patauran jheel (155
ha) and Berhale jheel (410 ha), interconnected by a water
channel.
The Sanctuary is connected to Ganga River through a 25
Udhwa
km long water channel known as the Udhuwa Nala, at
Lake
Farraka.
Oriental white-backed vulture (CR), Pallas’s fish eagle
(EN), Black-necked stork (NT), Lesser adjutant (NT), Oriental
darter (LC) and Oriental white ibis (LC) have been recorded
from here.
Threats: Heavy influx of migrants and agriculture.

Karnataka (4)

Aghanashini The Aghanashini River originates in the Western

Estuary Ghats. It flows westward towards the Arabian Sea,
and a significant part of its course flows through
the forested gorges and valleys.
The river meets the sea at Aghanashini village of
Kumta taluk.
The Aghanashini is one of the last free-flowing
rivers in Karnataka: it has no significant industrial
establishments, dams or townships on its banks.

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Aghanashini estuarine landforms accommodate

diverse ecosystem functions and human activities
but also mediate flood and erosion risks.
The high productivity of the estuary is because the
river water carries large quantities of organic
materials from the forests and deposits the same
in the estuary.
The rich mangrove vegetation of the estuary plays
a significant role in nutrient supply for the diverse
faunal community.
It provides shelter for birds and acts as a nursery
for many species of fish and prawns.
The rich bird community contributes to nutrient
cycling through their potash and nitrogen castings.
The constant churning and circulation of waters
due to the flow of freshwater from one side and
the tidal influx from the Arabian Sea oxygenates
the water and circulates the nutrients.

ABCR is about an hour from Hampi town and very

near to Tungabhadra Reservoir.
It was declared a ‘Birds Conservation Reserve’ in
2017 as per the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972.
It has been home to a wide variety of birds, both
domestic and migratory.
Ankasamudra
There are 175 species (of birds) and even 11
Bird CnR
species from the IUCN Red List.
Little cormorants, Indian cormorants, great
cormorants, grey herons, purple herons, and black-
crowned night herons (rare for Ballari and its first
record of breeding) are among the variety of birds
seen nesting and breeding.

Magadi Kere Magadi Bird Sanctuary, created at the Magadi

CnR tank, is one of the biodiversity hotspots of

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Karnataka.
The water of the wetland is salty and unsuitable for
irrigation. Therefore, this wetland holds water even
in dry years and attracts migratory waterfowl.
The bar-headed goose is one of the birds that
migrate to Magadi wetlands.
The following bird species are also found:
Grey Heron,
Purple Heron,
Comb Duck,
Oriental Ibis,
White Breasted Water Hen, and
Greater Flamingo.

It is a part of the Kaveri River in Mandya district of

Karnataka.
Ranganathituu Fauna: Mugger Crocodile (VU), Smooth-Coated
BS (IBA) Otter (VU), Hump-Backed Mahseer (CR)
Major Avifauna: Painted Stork (NT), Grey Pelican
(VU), Black-Headed Ibis (NT)

Kerala (3)

It is a natural backwater in the Kollam district.

National Waterway 3 passes through it.
Ashtamudi It is the second-largest estuarine ecosystem in
Wetland Kerala. It forms an estuary with the sea at
Neendakara (a famous fishing harbour in Kerala).
River Kallada and Pallichal drain into it.

Sasthamkotta It is the largest freshwater lake in Kerala. River

Lake Kallada had a unique replenishing system through a

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bar of paddy fields. The replenishing mechanism is

now being destroyed.
The water contains no common salts and supports
no water plants. A larva called cavaborus eliminates
bacteria in the water, thus contributing to its
exceptional purity.

It is the largest brackish lake of Kerala, spanning

across Alappuzha, Kottayam,
and Ernakulam districts. It is the second-largest
Vembanad-Kol
Ramsar Site in India after Sundarbans. It is also
Wetland
the longest lake in India.
It is below sea level and is famous for paddy fields
that are below sea level.

Madhya Pradesh (5)

It is a human-made reservoir that consists of two lakes

Bhoj
located in the city of Bhopal.
Wetland
Major Avifauna: Sarus crane (VU)

It is a human-made reservoir located near Madhav

Sakhya National Park.
Sagar Major Fauna: Mugger (VU), Smooth-Coated Otter (VU),
Hump-Backed Mahseer (CR)

It is a human-made wetland commonly named Pakshi

Sirpur Vihar in Indore.
wetland Major Avifauna: Common Pochard (VU), Egyptian Vulture
(EN), Indian River Tern (VU)

Tawa Tawa Reservoir is a human-made wetland which was

Reservoir created primarily for irrigation through the construction
of Tawa Dam.

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It is located within Satpura Tiger Reserve, in the Central

Indian Highlands.
It is an important fish spawning ground, hosting
indigenous species such as the shark catfish and tor
mahseer (Tor tor; the state fish of Madhya Pradesh),
which is revered as a “god fish” by local communities.
It also provides habitat to the Indian giant squirrel, which
is endemic to India.

Yashwant It is designated as an IBA in the Indore region (Malwa

Sagar region).

Maharashtra (3)

It is an endorheic (closed basin) crater lake

formed by a meteorite impact.
It is high in salinity and alkalinity due to the lack
of an outflow.
Specialized micro-organisms such as anaerobes,
cyanobacteria and phytoplankton survive in this
Lonar Lake
harsh chemical environment. Recently, the colour
of Lonar lake water had turned pink due to a large
presence of the salt-loving haloarchaea microbes.
Haloarchaea or halophilic archaea is a bacteria
culture that produces pink pigment and is found
in water saturated with salt.

Construction of the Nandur Madhameshwar Weir

at the confluence of the Godavari and Kadwa
Rivers helped create this thriving wetland.
Nandur
The site hosts leopards and Indian Sandalwood
Madhameshwar
(VU).
Species: Deolali Minnow Fish (CR), Indian Vulture
(CR), White-Rumped Vulture (CR)

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It is one of the largest creeks of Asia. It is fringed

by mangroves on both banks.
It falls under the Marine Ecoregions of the
Thane Creek
World (MEOW) but is fed by numerous
(Flamingo
freshwater sources, making the water brackish.
Sanctuary and Ulhas River is the largest source of freshwater.
IBA) The MEOW biogeographic classification system
divides the coastal, nearshore, and shelf areas of
the world into ecoregions. Each ecoregion is
ecologically distinct from the others.

Manipur (1)

It is the largest freshwater lake in the north-eastern region.

Keibul Lamjao, the only floating national park in the
world, floats over it.
Thick, floating mats of weeds covered with soil (phumids)
Loktak
are a characteristic feature.
Lake
It is included on the Montreux Record in 1993 as a result
of ecological problems such as deforestation in the
catchment area, infestation of water hyacinth, and
pollution.

Mizoram (1)

Pala Tipo/Pala Lake is a natural lake in the the Indo-

Burma biodiversity hotspot.
Pala
The lake is a major component of the Palak WLS.
Wetland
Major Fauna: Sambar Deer (VU), Barking Deer (Muntjac
– LC), Hoolock Gibbon (EN)

Odisha (6)

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It is a freshwater oxbow lake formed by the

Mahanadi River.
It is the largest freshwater lake in Odisha.
Ansupa Lake
Endangered species: Indian Skimmer (EN), Black-
Bellied Tern (EN), Wagur (EN), Indian River Tern (VU),
Helicopter Catfish (Wallago attu – VU)

It is part of the Bhitarkanika WLS. The core area was

declared Bhitarkanika NP.
Bhitarkanika Gahirmatha Marine WLS (Gahirmatha beach) is
Mangroves adjacent to the Bhitarkanika WLS.
It is famous for Olive Ridley Turtle (VU) and
Saltwater Crocodile (LC)

In 1981, Chilika Lake was designated the first Indian

wetland of international importance under the
Ramsar Convention. Nalbana BS is the core area of
Chilika Lake.
It is located at the mouth of the Daya River. It is a
brackish water lagoon separated from the Bay of
Bengal by a long sandy ridge. It is the largest
coastal lagoon in India.
Birds from as far as the Caspian Sea, Lake Baikal, Aral
Chilika Lake
Sea and other remote parts of Central Asia, Ladakh
and Himalayas come here.
The Irrawaddy dolphin (EN) is the flagship species
of the lake. Chilka has the only population of
Irrawaddy dolphins in India.
It was placed on the Montreux Record in 1993 due
to siltation and removed from the Record in 2002
following rehabilitation efforts of the Chilika
Development Authority.

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Hirakud Reservoir is the largest earthen dam in

Hirakud Odisha.
Reservoir
It provides important hydrological services by
moderating floods in the Mahanadi delta.

It is a gorge over Mahanadi. It is a mosaic of rivers,

marshes and evergreen forests at the meeting point
of the Deccan Peninsula and the Eastern Ghats
Satkosia
biogeographic regions.
Gorge
Major Fauna: Red-Crowned Roofed Turtle (CR),
Indian Narrowheaded Softshell Turtle (EN), Tiger
(EN), Black-Bellied Tern (EN)

The use of explosives during a battle in the Ganjam

district between the British East India Company and
French colonists in 1766 created this large
Tampara Lake
depression.
The lake is now connected to the Rushikulya river
and helps in flood control.

Punjab (6)

It is a 189 km stretch of the Beas River meandering

down from the Himalayan foothills.
The stretch is dotted with islands, sand bars and
braided channels.
It hosts the only known population in India of the
Beas CnR Indus River dolphin (EN).
A programme was initiated to re-introduce the Gharial
(CR).
Endangered Species: Masheer/Himalayan
Mahseer/Golden Mahseer (EN), Hog Deer (EN),
Smooth-Coated Otter (VU)

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Harike It is a shallow water reservoir at the confluence of the

Wetland Beas and Sutlej rivers.

Kanjli It is associated with the first guru of the Sikhs, Shri

Wetland Guru Nanak.

The Reserve is a mosaic of natural marshes,

Keshopur- aquaculture ponds and agricultural wetlands.
Miani CmR Endangered Species: Common Pochard (VU), Spotted
Pond Turtle (EN)

It occupies a human-made reservoir of Bhakra-Nangal

Project in the Shiwalik foothills.
The site is of historical importance as the Indian and
Nangal WLS Chinese Prime Ministers formalized the “Five Principles
of Peaceful Coexistence” there in 1954.
Endangered Species: Indian Pangolin (EN), Leopard
(VU), Egyptian Vulture (EN)

It is formed by the construction of a barrage for

Ropar diversion of water from the Sutlej River.
Wetland Major Fauna: Smooth Indian Otter, Hog Deer, Sambar,
Indian Pangolin

Rajasthan (2)

It is a complex of ten artificial seasonal marshes.

Vegetation is scrub and open grassland.
The invasive growth of the grass Paspalum
Keoladeo
distichum has reduced its suitability for certain
National Park
waterbird species, notably the Siberian Crane (CR).
Placed on the Montreux Record in 1990 due to water
shortage and an unbalanced grazing.

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Sambhar It is India’s largest inland saltwater lake. It is a key

Lake wintering area for Flamingos (LC).

Sikkim (1)

It is a sacred lake located in the Demazong

valley.
Khecheopalri
It is revered by both Buddhists and Hindus.
Wetland
The mighty Kanchenjunga peak serves as a
majestic background.

Tamil Nadu (18)

It is an IBA located adjacent to

Kanjirankulam BS in Ramanathapuram
district.
Chitrangudi BS
Major Avifauna: Grey Pelican (VU),
Painted Stork (NT), Little Egret (LC), Grey
Heron (LC)

This is the first Marine Biosphere Reserve

in South & South -East Asia.
The local communities are mainly
Marakeyars, with fishing their main
Gulf of Mannar Marine
livelihood.
BR
Endangered Species: Dugong (VU),
Hawksbill Turtle (CR), Indo-Pacific
Humpback Dolphin (VU), Green Sea
Turtle (EN).

Kanjirankulam BS Invasive Prosopis trees has affected the

growth of the indigenous babul
populations.
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Avifauna: Painted Stork (NT), Oriental

Darter (NT), Oriental White (Black-
Headed) Ibis (NT)

The Karaivetti Bird Sanctuary is a

protected area located in the Ariyalur
District of TN.
This lake was declared as a sanctuary in
1999.
Karaivetti Bird Sanctuary is one of the
Important Bird Areas (IBAs) of TN.
The sanctuary is a freshwater feeding
ground for migratory water birds.
About 200 bird species are recorded
from this sanctuary.
The sanctuary is a large irrigation tank
Karaivetti BS
located in the northern alluvial plains
of the Kaveri River.
Pullambadi, Kattalal canal, feeds this
freshwater lake and attracts thousands
of birds every year.
It is also referred to together with
another nearby tank called Vettakudi-
Karaivetti Bird Sanctuary.
It is home to migratory birds such as
Bar-headed goose, Northern pintail,
White Stork, Northern shoveler, Osprey
and common sandpiper.

It is situated in the Kanchipuram district.

Karikili along with Vedanthangal BS are
Karikili BS IBAs.
Major Avifauna: Oriental Darter (NT),
Spot-Billed Pelican (VU)

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Kazhuveli Bird Sanctuary is the second

largest brackish lake in Peninsular India.
It is connected to the Bay of Bengal in
the north via Uppukalli creek, and
receives seawater during high tides or
cyclones. As a result, the salinity of the
wetland varies, with saltier water in the
north transitioning to fresh water in the
south. This variation allows the wetland
to act as a migratory path and spawning
ground for multiple fish species.
The gum arabic tree and Jerusalem thorn
Kazhuveli BS
found in the Site provide nesting areas
for over 2,000 colonial nesting birds
each breeding season, particularly for
the spot-billed pelican (NT).
Located along the central Asian flyway,
the Site also provides feeding grounds
for migratory species such as the
vulnerable spotted eagle, imperial eagle
and river tern. Its swampy areas offer
suitable nesting grounds for the
vulnerable Indian flap-shelled turtle
and Indian star tortoise.

It is a human-made wetland maintained

Koonthankulam BS (IBA) by the local community.
It is designated as IBA.

Longwood Shola RF Longwood Shola is the only urban

natural shola forest left in the Nilgiris.
Longwood Shola is an ancient forest that
has nutrient-rich soil formed over
hundreds of years.

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Like other shola forests, Longwood Shola

is nestled between two hills and acts as
a perched aquifer, retaining the water
that flows from these two hills.
The soil is dark and has high water
retention capacity. Even in case of high
rainfall, the soil can absorb that water
and release it in small amounts
throughout the year.
It is a relatively small patch of forest, yet
of great importance to the entire
Kotagiri region.
It is a significant source of water to the
nearby villages and hamlets and plays a
vital role in Kotagiri’s microclimate,
attracting and regulating the rainfall.
The TN government and the Forest
Department plan an eco-tourism
initiative to spread awareness of the
importance of the Nilgiris’ Shola forests.
A Shola conservation centre is to be
set up as part of the eco-tourism plans.
Longwood Shola received the Queen’s
Commonwealth Canopy accreditation
in 2022.

The Queen’s Commonwealth Canopy

(QCC) was launched at the
Commonwealth Heads of
Government Meeting in Malta in
2015.
A total of 54 Commonwealth
countries are now committed to the
QCC.

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Nanjarayan Bird Sanctuary is a

freshwater lake. It holds historical
significance, having been named after
King Nanjarayan who constructed the
reservoir 400 years ago.
The lake’s water levels fluctuate based
on rainfall and runoff from the
Nanjarayan BS
surrounding catchment area and Nallar
River.
Gum arabic trees on the bunds of the
lake provide refuge and nesting habitats
for waterbirds. The wetland banks also
provide suitable breeding grounds for
the Indian flapshell turtle.

It is one of the few natural coastal

aquatic habitats.
Pallikaranai Marsh The marshland is located along the
Reserve Forest Coromandel Coast south of the Adyar
Estuary, serving as an aquatic buffer of
the flood-prone Chennai.

Pichavaram Mangrove It is a large mangrove forest located

between the estuaries of Vellar and
Coleroon Rivers.
It is separated from the Bay of Bengal by
a sand bar.
The mangroves are revered by due to
the significant spiritual value associated
with Excoecaria agallocha, a mangrove
with toxic properties commonly known
as “Tillai”.
Endangered Species: Great White-
Bellied Heron (CR), Spoon-Billed

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Sandpiper (CR), Spotted Greenshank

(EN), Olive Ridley Turtle (VU)

It is one of the last remnants of dry

evergreen forests.
Major Avifauna: Spoon-Billed Sandpiper
(CR), Grey Pelican or Spot-Billed Pelican
(VU)
Threats: Prosopis chilensis (Chilean
Point Calimere WLS & BS mesquite – known as “the devil with
roots”).
Prosopis juliflora and Prosopis
chilensis are the most invasive mesquit
species (plants in genus Prosopis). They
have extremely long roots to seek water
from very far under ground.

It is declared an IBA.
It lies at the southern tip of the Central
Suchindram Theroor
Asian flyway of migratory birds.
Wetland Complex
It is a man-made, inland Tank and is
perennial.

It stores floodwaters during monsoon

Udhayamarthandapuram
overflows and maintains surface water
BS
flow during drier periods.

It is a large human-made irrigation tank

Vaduvur BS
and shelter for migratory birds.

Vedanthangal BS (IBA) This freshwater wetland is a people-

protected water bird area. People have
been benefited by the manure-rich
guano water from the lake that increases
the agriculture yield multifold.
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Guano is excretory waste of birds rich in

nitrogen, potassium and phosphorous.

Major Avifauna: Indian River Tern (VU),

Vellode BS
Oriental Darter (NT), Painted Stork (NT)

It is a human-made inland tank and IBA

site. The tank is believed to have been
constructed in the regime of Pandyan
Vembannur Wetland
king Veeranarayana.
Complex
Major Avifauna: Indian River Tern (VU),
Spotted Greenshank (EN), Grey Pelican
or Spot-Billed Pelican (VU)

Tripura (1)

It is a reservoir fed by three perennial streams

discharging to the River Gomti.
Rudrasagar It is an ideal habitat for Three-Striped Roof Turtle
Lake (CR).
It is a buzzing tourist destination during the festival
of Vijaya Dashami.

UT of JK (5)

It is only 10 km from Srinagar. It is a natural

Hokera Wetland wetland contiguous to the Jhelum basin.
Avifauna: White-Eyed (Ferruginous) Pochard (NT)

It lies downstream of Wular Lake in the Baramulla

Hygam Wetland
district.
CnR (IBA)
Threats: high rate of siltation.

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It is located west of Anchar Lake near Hokera

Wetland in the Srinagar district.
Shallbugh It plays a major role in the natural control,
Wetland CnR amelioration or prevention of flooding.
Endangered Avifauna: Steppe Eagle (EN), Pallas’s
Fish-Eagle (EN), Black-Bellied Tern (EN)

It is a freshwater composite lake in semi-arid

Surinsar-Mansar Panjab Plains, adjoining the Jhelum Basin.
Lakes It has many temples around owing to its mythical
origin from the Mahabharata period.

Wular Lake It is the largest freshwater lake in India. It is fed

by Jhelum River in the Kashmir Valley.

UT of Ladakh (2)

It is a high-altitude wetland complex consisting of two

waterbodies:
Tso Kar (4,500 m above sea level) itself, a hypersaline lake
to the north, &
Startsapuk Tso, a freshwater lake to the south.
Tso Kar
It is called Tso Kar, meaning white lake, because of the
(IBA)
white salt efflorescence found on the margins due to the
evaporation of highly saline water.
It is the most important breeding area of the Black-
Necked Cranes (NT) in India.
Endangered Species: Saker Falcon (EN), Asiatic Wild Dog
(Dhole – EN), Snow Leopard (VU)

Tsomoriri It is a freshwater to brackish lake lying at 4,595 m above

sea level. With no outflow, evaporation in the arid steppe
conditions causes varying levels of salinity.

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The 400-year-old Korzok monastery near the lake attracts

many tourists. The barley fields at Korzok have been
described as the highest cultivated land in the world.
Tsomoriri is the only breeding ground outside of China for
Black-Necked Cranes (NT) and the only breeding ground
for Bar-Headed Geese (LC) in India.
Great Tibetan Sheep (Argali – NT) and Tibetan Wild Ass
(Kiang – LC) are endemic to the Tibetan Plateau, of which
the Changthang Plateau of India is the westernmost part.

Uttar Pradesh (10)

This freshwater marsh is situated near Gorakhpur.

Endangered Avifauna: Egyptian Vultures (EN), Greater
Bakhira WLS
Spotted Eagle (VU), Common Pochard (VU), Swamp
Francolin (VU)

It is a wetland in Hastinapur WLS formed by the

Haiderpur construction of the Madhya Ganga Barrage.
Wetland Endangered Fauna: Gharial (CR), Golden Mahseer
(EN), Hog Deer (EN), Swamp Deer (VU).

It is a shallow marshland near Lucknow. It was

Nawabganj renamed Chandra Shekhar Azad BS.
BS Endangered Avifauna: Egyptian Vulture (EN), Pallas’s
Fish Eagle (EN), Lesser Adjutant (VU)

It is a permanent freshwater environment consisting

Parvati Arga of two oxbow lakes.
BS Avifauna: Red-Headed Vulture (CR), White-Rumped
Vulture (CR), Indian Vulture (CR)

Saman BS It is a seasonal oxbow lake on the Ganges floodplain.

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Endangered Avifauna: Sarus Crane (VU), Greater

Spotted Eagle (VU)

It is a perennial lowland marsh typical of the Indo-

Gangetic Plains.
Samaspur BS
Endangered Avifauna: Egyptian Vulture (EN), Pallas’s
Fish Eagle (EN).

Sandi BS Endangered Avifauna: Sarus Crane (VU)

It is a marsh. Its name is derived from the large non-

Sarsai Nawar migratory Sarus Crane (VU).
Jheel The nearby Hajari Mahadev temple is visited by
(IBA) thousands of pilgrims each year.
Endangered Avifauna: White-Rumped Vulture (CR)

Sur Sarovar It was created to supply water to the city of Agra.

(Keetham Endangered Avifauna: Greater Spotted Eagle (VU),
Lake) Catfish (Wallago attu – VU)

It stretches from Brijghat to Narora.

Upper Ganga
Endangered Fauna: Ganges River Dolphin (EN),
River
Gharial (Fish-Eating Crocodile – CR)

Uttarakhand (1)

It is formed by the damming of the Asan River near its

Asan confluence with the Yamuna River in the Dehradun
Barrage district.
(Asan
Endangered Avifauna: Red-Headed Vulture (Indian Black
CnR)
Vulture – CR), White-Rumped Vulture (CR), Baer’s Pochard
(CR)

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West Bengal (2)

East It is a multiple use wetland that serves the city of

Kolkata Kolkata. It feeds one of the world’s largest wastewater
Wetlands fed aquaculture.

Sundarbans is the largest Ramsar Site in India and is

located within the largest mangrove forest.
Sundarban The Indian Sundarbans constitutes over 60% of the
country’s total mangrove forest area and includes 90%
Wetland
of Indian mangrove species.
Endangered Fauna: Northern River Terrapin (CR),
Irrawaddy Dolphin (EN), Fishing Cat (VU)

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16 Comments

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3/28/25, 9:50 AM 89 Ramsar Sites in India | State-wise List With Map - PMF IAS

siddharth saikia DECEMBER 25, 2020 / 7:36 PM REPLY

Please update all your materials sir/maam.

As of 25th dec 2020, there are 42 Ramsar sites in india

PMF IAS JUNE 20, 2021 / 8:33 PM REPLY

Updated

Akanksha AUGUST 18, 2021 / 3:25 AM REPLY

Please update there are now 46 ramsar sites in india

rashirai3020@[Link] SEPTEMBER 15, 2021 / 1:08 PM REPLY

Worst maps. totally unclear and very vague. either put a political map
and mention wetlands or put a river map with wetlands. cant able to
find the state border properly and too many rivers and wetland
names.

please change the map.

Shiva Verma MAY 23, 2022 / 2:21 PM REPLY

Nice work pmfIAS….nice + clear maps with good detail.

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Ritu MAY 24, 2022 / 2:23 PM REPLY

Very comprehensive and easy to understand along with rivers

bam bam MAY 30, 2022 / 11:29 PM REPLY

great work!! much needed!

Rishi kumar singh JUNE 17, 2022 / 9:58 AM REPLY

Lok tak lake area is much more of aulad,both are fresh water
lake,then how wular is biggest fresh water lake in india,as you
mention,plz tell.

Ayush AUGUST 7, 2022 / 7:27 PM REPLY

Please update the site list.

Ravi Kumar Shah AUGUST 17, 2022 / 4:46 PM REPLY

Pls update the 75 sites [Link]

Pushkar Kumar SEPTEMBER 19, 2022 / 10:07 AM REPLY

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3/28/25, 9:50 AM 89 Ramsar Sites in India | State-wise List With Map - PMF IAS

update all 75 sites please!!!!

Kayyjayy DECEMBER 24, 2022 / 7:10 PM REPLY

List is getting biggerr every year! :O

Akshata MARCH 12, 2025 / 1:26 PM REPLY

Please update the total number of Ramsar sites in

Tamilnadu as 20 instead of 18 under state wise list.

MUNTAZIR MARCH 7, 2025 / 10:04 AM REPLY

wetlands of india are gaining international importance.

Akshata MARCH 12, 2025 / 1:26 PM REPLY

Please update the total number of Ramsar sites in Tamilnadu as 20

instead of 18 under state wise list.

Akshata MARCH 12, 2025 / 1:33 PM REPLY

Please add Jharkhand and Sikkim to the state wise list and update the
area wise details

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