SAP ABAP Interview Questions and Answers
(Topic-wise for Freshers)
1.Data Dictionary (DDIC)
Q1. What is a Data Dictionary in SAP ABAP?
A: It is a central repository of data definitions in SAP which stores metadata like tables, views,
data elements, domains, etc.
Q2. What is the difference between a transparent table and a pooled table?
A: Transparent table has a one-to-one relationship with the database table. Pooled table is stored
at the database level in a table pool with other pooled tables.
Q3. What is a domain and data element?
A: Domain defines the technical attributes (data type, length), whereas data element adds
semantic meaning (description, labels).
Q4. What is a search help and what are its types?
A: It is used for F4 help. Types: Elementary and Collective search help.
Q5. What is Table Maintenance Generator (TMG)?
A: It is a tool to create maintenance dialogs for table records using SE11.
Q6. What are Check Tables and Value Tables?
A: Check Tables validate input using foreign keys. Value Tables suggest possible values during
input help.
Q7. What is a lock object?
A: Lock objects are used to synchronize access to the same data by multiple users using
ENQUEUE and DEQUEUE function modules.
2. Internal Tables and Work Areas
Q1. What is the difference between an internal table and a work area?
A: Internal table stores multiple rows of data. Work area holds a single row and is used for data
manipulation.
Q2. Types of internal tables?
A: Standard, Sorted, and Hashed.
Q3. How to sort an internal table?
A: Using SORT itab BY field1 field2....
Q4. What is the use of READ TABLE?
A: To read specific records from an internal table.
Q5. What is the use of APPEND and INSERT?
A: APPEND adds a row at the end, while INSERT adds at a specific index.
Q6. What does COLLECT do in an internal table?
A: It adds a record if not found, or aggregates numeric fields if found.
Q7. What are Table Expressions?
A: A new way to access internal table entries using itab[ KEY value ] syntax.
3. Modularization Techniques
Q1. What are modularization techniques in ABAP?
A: Techniques to structure programs: Includes Subroutines ( FORM), Function Modules, Methods.
Q2. Difference between Subroutine and Function Module?
A: Subroutine is local to program. Function Module is global and reusable.
Q3. What are the different parameter types in a subroutine?
A: USING, CHANGING, VALUE, REFERENCE.
Q4. What is a Macro?
A: Reusable code defined using DEFINE and END-OF-DEFINITION.
Q5. What is a Class-Based Exception?
A: It is an error-handling mechanism using TRY-CATCH blocks.
4. Reports (Classical and ALV)
Q1. Difference between Classical and Interactive Report?
A: Classical shows a list. Interactive allows user interaction like clicking to show detailed data.
Q2. What is an ALV Report?
A: ABAP List Viewer (ALV) is used to display data in tabular format with sorting, filtering, etc.
Q3. What are types of ALV?
A: Simple, Hierarchical, Block ALV.
Q4. What is REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY?
A: A function module to display ALV grid using procedural approach.
Q5. What is CL_SALV_TABLE?
A: A class used in object-oriented ALV reports.
5. Debugging and Performance
Q1. What is debugging?
A: Step-by-step execution of program to find errors.
Q2. Tools for performance tuning?
A: Runtime Analysis (SE30), SQL Trace (ST05), Code Inspector (SCI).
Q3. What is the use of SY-TABIX?
A: Gives current line index of internal table.
Q4. What is buffering in SAP tables?
A: Storing data in memory to improve performance. Types: Full, Generic, and Single record
buffering.
6. Open SQL and Database Access
Q1. What is Open SQL?
A: ABAP statements to interact with the database in a platform-independent way.
Q2. Difference between SELECT SINGLE and SELECT UP TO 1 ROWS?
A: SELECT SINGLE stops at the first match using index. UP TO 1 ROWS retrieves one row
after filtering.
Q3. What is FOR ALL ENTRIES?
A: Used to fetch data based on internal table values.
Q4. What are Joins in Open SQL?
A: INNER JOIN, LEFT OUTER JOIN etc. are used to fetch data from multiple tables in a single
query.
7. Smart Forms and Adobe Forms
Q1. What is a Smart Form?
A: Tool to design and print forms in SAP.
Q2. Difference between Smart Forms and Adobe Forms?
A: Smart Forms are easier for simple layouts; Adobe Forms support complex formatting and
dynamic layouts.
Q3. Transaction codes for Smart Forms and Adobe Forms?
A: SMARTFORMS (Smart Forms), SFP (Adobe Forms).
Q4. What are the components of a Smart Form?
A: Form Interface, Global Definitions, Pages, Windows.
