ARAB ACADEMY FOR SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY

& MARITIME TRANSPORT

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY

CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING DEPARTMENT

Computer Aided Drafting (CAD) ME

255

Dr. Nader M. Shafik

1
 Coordinate System

+Y

( -2 , 1 ) (3,1)

+X

( -2 , -1 ) ( 3 , -1 )

-Y
Coordinate entry:

The most direct way to enter points precisely is to type numbers at the keyboard.
AutoCAD uses these three keyboard coordinate entry formats:

 Absolute Cartesian (X,Y) coordinates in the form X,Y (for example, 7,4)
 Relative X,Y coordinates in the form @X,Y (for example, @3,2)
 Relative polar coordinates in the form @distance<angle (for example,
@6<45)
Cartesian coordinates are named for French philosopher René Descartes
(Who reasoned, “I think, therefore I am”). In his Discourse on Method, Descartes
came up with the idea of locating any point on a planar surface by measuring its
distance from a pair of axes. I refer to Cartesian coordinates as X, Y coordinates.

AutoCAD locates absolute X, Y coordinates with respect to the origin (0,0) point of
the drawing usually its lower-left corner.

AutoCAD locates relative X, Y coordinates with respect to the previous point that you
picked or typed.

AutoCAD locates relative direct distance < angle measured from the positive
direction of X axe anti clockwise, with respect to the previous point that you picked or
typed.
Next figures show some shapes with the deferent coordinate systems.

2
 2.0 5.0 1.0 2.0

5 6

2.0
4

5.0
3.0

2 3 7
8 9

1.0
2.0
4.0

3.0
(2,1) 1 10
12.0

Point # A.C.S. R.C.S P.C.S

1 2,1
2 2,5 @0,4 @4<90
3 4,5 @2,0 @2<0
4 4,8 @0,3 @3<90
5 6,10 @2,2 @2√2<45
6 11,10 @5,0 @5<0
7 11,5 @0,-5 @5<270
8 12,4 @1,-1 @√2<315
9 14,4 @2,0 @2<0
10 14,1 @0,-3 @3<270
1 2,1 @-12,0 @12<180

3
 7.0

6 7

3.0
5 8

2.0
4 9
2.0 3.0 2.0
4.0

2 3 10 11
3.0

(0,0) 1 12

Point # A.C.S. R.C.S P.C.S

1 0,0
2 0,3 @0,3 @3<90
3 2,3 @2,0 @2<0
4 2,7 @0,4 @4<90
5 0,9 @-2,2 @2√2<135
6 0,12 @0,3 @3<90
7 7,12 @7,0 @7<0
8 7,9 @0,-3 @3<270
9 5,7 @-2,-2 @2√2<225
10 5,3 @0,-4 @4<270
11 7,3 @2,0 @2<0
12 7,0 @0,-3 @3<270
1 0,0 @-7,0 @7<180

4
 AutoCAD Version File Name Command Menu
AutoCAD Interface:

Command Icons

5
Lecture 2 (Week 2)

Command Area Status Bar Drawing Area

Drawing Tools:

Object Snap (OSNAP):

Object snap is an AutoCAD tool for ensuring precision drawing and editing. You use
object snaps to grab points on existing objects — for example, the endpoint of a line
or the center of a circle.
You can activate the OSNAP by clicking on the OSNAP at the status bar or by using
(F3) button. For setting the object snap options, point at the OSNAP button on the
status bar then press the right mouse button and choose setting. Then you can
choose the snap options such as (Endpoint, Midpoint, Center ... etc.)

ORTHO:

ORTHO constrains the crosshairs to horizontal and vertical movement, which makes
drawing orthogonal (straight horizontal and vertical) lines easy. You can activate the
ORTHO by clicking on the ORTHO at the status bar or by using (F8) button.

Zoom:

Zooming in and out of your drawing is one of the big advantages that AutoCAD
offers over manual drawing. This can be done by pointing to the area you want to
zoom in or out and then pull the scroll mouse button up and down respectively. In
order to show the whole drawing you can type “z” in the command area then press
“enter” and type “a” and press “enter”. You can find the zoom icons by showing the
zoom menu bar, point to any icon then press the right mouse button and choose
“zoom”.

Pan:

Panning is closely related to zooming. If you zoom in enough that some of your
drawing no longer shows up on-screen, you’re going to want to pan around — move
left, right, up, and down in your drawing — without zooming in and out. AutoCAD
makes panning easy by press and hold the scroll mouse button then move left, right,
up and down.

6
Drawing Commands:

Command Draw toolbar Command entry Command Abbreviation

Line line l
Circle circle c
Arc arc a
Point point po
Poly line pline pl
Polygon polygon pol
Construction Commands:

Command Draw toolbar Command entry Command Abbreviation

Copy copy co
Mirror mirror mi
Offset offset o
Array array ar
Modifying Commands:

Command Draw toolbar Command entry Command Abbreviation

Erase Erase e
Move Move m
Rotate Rotate ro
Scale Scale sc
Stretch Stretch s
Trim Trim tr
Extend Extend ex
Break Break b
Join Join j
Chamfer Chamfer cha
Fillet fillet f

10
10
Creating new layers:

You can create layers by using the Layer Properties Manager dialog box. Follow
these steps:
1- Click the Layer button on the Layers toolbar; or type LAYER (or LA) at the
command line and press Enter. The Layer Properties Manager dialog box
appears. A new drawing has only one layer: Layer 0. You need to add the
layers necessary for your drawing.
2- Click the New Layer button (the little yellow explosion just above the Status
column) or (press the right mouse button and choose “New Layer” ) to create
a new layer. A new layer appears. AutoCAD names it Layer1 but highlights
the name in an edit box so you can type a new name to replace it easily, as
shown in next figure.

3- Type a name for the new layer.

4- On the same line as the new layer, click the color block or color name (White
by default) of the new layer. The Select Color dialog box appears, as shown in
next figure.

11
11
5- The normal AutoCAD color scheme provides 255 colors. So many choices are
overkill for ordinary drafting.
6- Click a color to select it as the color for this layer and click OK. The Layer
Properties Manager dialog box reappears. In the Color column, the new layer
color changes to either the name or the number of the color that you selected
AutoCAD’s first seven colors have both numbers and standard names: 1 =
red, 2 = yellow, 3 = green, 4 = cyan, 5 = blue, 6 = magenta, and 7 = white
(which appears black when displayed on a white background). The remaining
248 colors have numbers only.
7- On the same line as the new layer, click the Linetype name of the new layer.
The default AutoCAD linetype is Continuous, which means no gaps in the line.
The Select Linetype dialog box appears, as shown in next figure.

Click the Load button to open the Load or Reload Linetypes dialog box. Load
the desired linetype by selecting its name and clicking the OK button. You’ll
find it easier to use the linetypes with the more descriptive names: CENTER,
DASHED, and so on.
8- Click the desired linetype in the Loaded Linetypes list to select it as the
linetype for the layer; say that really fast five times and then click OK. The
Select Linetype dialog box disappears, returning you to the Layer Properties
Manager dialog box. In the Name list, the linetype for the selected layer
changes to the linetype you just chose.
9- On the same line as the new layer, click the new layer’s lineweight. The
Lineweight dialog box appears, as shown in next figure.

12
12
 10-Select the lineweight you want from the scrolling list and click OK. The
lineweight 0.00 mm tells AutoCAD to use the thinnest possible lineweight on
the screen and on the plot.
11-Repeat Steps 2 through 9 to create any other layers that you want.
12-Select the new layer that you want to make current and click the Set Current
button (the green check mark).

Line :

Toolbar: Draw
Command entry: line

Specify first point: Specify a point or press ENTER to continue from the last drawn
line or arc

Specify next point or [Close/Undo]:

Continue

Continues a line from the endpoint of the most recently drawn line.

If the most recently drawn object is an arc, its endpoint defines the starting
point of the line, and the line is drawn tangent to the arc.

13
13
Close

Ends the last line segment at the beginning of the first line segment, which
forms a closed loop of line segments. You can use Close after you have
drawn a series of two or more segments.

Undo
Erases the most recent segment of a line sequence.

Entering u more than once backtracks through line segments in the order
you created them.

With LINE, you can create a series of contiguous line segments. Each segment is a
line object that can be edited separately.

14
14
Circle :

Toolbar: Draw
Command entry: circle

Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: Specify a point or enter
an option
Center Point
Draws a circle based on a center point and a diameter or a radius.
Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]: Specify a point, enter a value, enter d, or press
Enter
Radius
Defines the radius of the circle. Enter a value, or specify a point.

Diameter
Defines the diameter of the circle. Enter a value, or specify a second point.

Specify diameter of circle <current>: Specify a point (2), enter a value, or

press Enter
3P (Three Points)
Draws a circle based on three points on the circumference.
Specify first point on circle: Specify a point (1)
Specify second point on circle: Specify a point (2)
Specify third point on circle: Specify a point (3)

2P (Two Points)
Draws a circle based on two endpoints of the diameter.

15
15
Specify first endpoint of circle's diameter: Specify a point (1)
Specify second endpoint of circle's diameter: Specify a point (2)

TTR (Tangent, Tangent, Radius)

Draws a circle with a specified radius tangent to two objects.
Specify point on object for first tangent of circle: Select a circle, arc, or line
Specify point on object for second tangent of circle: Select a circle, arc, or line
Specify radius of circle <current>:

16
16
 Lecture 3 (Week 3)

Polyline:

Toolbar: Draw
Command entry: pline

Specify start point: Specify a point

Current line-width is <current>
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: Specify a point or
enter an option

A 2D polyline is a connected sequence of segments created as a single planar

object. You can create straight line segments, arc segments, or a combination of the
two.

Note, At least two points must be specified to use the Close option.

Next Point

Draws a line segment. The previous prompt is repeated.

Arc

Adds arc segments to the polyline.

Specify endpoint of arc

Endpoint of Arc

Draws an arc segment. The arc segment is tangent to the previous segment of the
polyline. The previous prompt is repeated.

17
17
Undo

Removes the most recent arc or line segment added to the polyline.

Close

Draws an arc segment from the last point specified to the starting point, creating a
closed polyline. At least two points must be specified to use this option.

Explode:

Toolbar: Modify
Command entry: explode

Summary

This command is used to turn the polyline into separate lines.

Pedit (Polyline edit):

Toolbar: Modify II
Command entry: pedit

Common uses for PEDIT include joining 2D polylines, converting lines and arcs into
2D polylines.

Select polyline or [MULTIPLE]: Use an object selection method or enter m

If the selected object is a line, or arc the following prompt is displayed:

Object selected is not a polyline.

Do you want it to turn into one? <Y>: Enter y or n, or press ENTER

If you enter y, the object is converted into a single-segment 2D polyline that you can
edit. You can use this operation to join lines and arcs into a polyline.

18
18
Polygon:

Toolbar: Draw
Command entry: polygon

Enter number of sides <current>: Enter a value between 3 and 1024 or press
ENTER
Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: Specify a point (1) or enter e

Center of Polygon
Defines the center of the polygon.
Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] <current>: Enter i or c
or press ENTER
Inscribed in Circle
Specifies the radius of a circle on which all vertices of the polygon lie.
Specify radius of circle: Specify a point (2) or enter a value

Specifying the radius with your pointing device determines the rotation and size of
the polygon. Specifying the radius with a value draws the bottom edge of the polygon
at the current snap rotation angle.
Circumscribed about Circle
Specifies the distance from the center of the polygon to the midpoints of the edges of
the polygon.
Specify radius of circle: Specify a distance

19
19
Specifying the radius with your pointing device determines the rotation and size of
the polygon. Specifying the radius with a value draws the bottom edge of the polygon
at the current snap rotation angle.
Edge
Defines a polygon by specifying the endpoints of the first edge.
Specify first endpoint of edge: Specify a point (1)
Specify second endpoint of edge: Specify a point (2)

You can specify the different parameters of the polygon including the number of
sides. The difference between the inscribed and circumscribed options is shown.

Rectangle:

Toolbar: Draw
Command entry: rectang or rectangle

Current settings: Rotation = 0

Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: Specify a
point or enter an option

With this command, you can specify the rectangle parameters (length, width,
rotation) and control the type of corners (fillet, chamfer, or square).

First Corner Point

Specifies a corner point of the rectangle.
Specify other corner point or [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: Specify a point

20
20
Other Corner Point

Creates a rectangle using the specified points as diagonally opposite corners.

Enter the second point in relative coordinates: @ L , W

Erase:

Toolbar: Modify
Shortcut menu: Select the objects to erase, right-click in the drawing area, and click
Erase.

Command entry: erase

Select objects: Use an object selection method and press Enter when you finish
selecting objects
The objects are removed from the drawing.

Copy:

Toolbar: Modify
Shortcut menu: Select the objects to copy, and right-click in the drawing area. Click
Copy Selection.

Command entry: copy

Select objects: Use an object selection method and press Enter when you finish
Current settings: Copy mode = current

Specify base point or [Displacement/mOde/Multiple] <Displacement>: Specify a base

point or enter an option

The two points you specify define a vector that indicates how far the copied objects
are to be moved and in what direction.
The COPY command repeats automatically by default. To exit the command, press
Enter.

Displacement
Specifies a relative distance and direction using coordinates.

21
21
Move:

Toolbar: Modify
Shortcut menu: Select the objects to move, and right-click in the drawing area. Click
Move.

Command entry: move

Select objects: Use an object selection method and press Enter when you finish
Specify base point or [Displacement]<Displacement>: Specify a base point or enter d
Specify second point or <use first point as displacement>: Specify a point or press
Enter

The two points you specify define a vector that indicates how far the selected objects
are to be moved and in what direction.

Displacement
Specify displacement <last value>: Enter coordinates to represent a vector
The coordinate values that you enter specify a relative distance and direction.

Mirror:

Toolbar: Modify
Command entry: mirror

Select objects: Use an object selection method and press Enter to finish
Specify first point of mirror line: Specify a point
Specify second point of mirror line: Specify a point

The two specified points become the endpoints of a line about which the selected
objects are mirrored.
Erase source objects? [Yes/No] <N>: Enter y or n, or press Enter
Yes
Places the mirrored image into the drawing and erases the original objects.
No
Places the mirrored image into the drawing and retains the original objects.

22
22
You can create objects that represent half of a drawing, select them, and mirror them
across a specified line to create the other half.

Offset:

Toolbar: Modify
Command entry: offset

Current settings: Erase source = current Layer = current OFFSETGAPTYPE =

current
Specify offset distance or [Through/Erase/Layer] <current>: Specify a distance, enter
an option, or press Enter

You can offset an object at a specified distance or through a point. After you offset
objects, you can trim and extend them as an efficient method to create drawings
containing many parallel lines and curves.

The OFFSET command repeats for convenience. To exit the command, press Enter.
Offset Distance
Creates an object at a specified distance from an existing object.

Select object to offset or [Exit/Undo] <exit>: Select one object, enter an option, or
press Enter to end the command

Specify point on side to offset or [Exit/Multiple/Undo] <exit or next object>: Specify a

point (1) on the side of the object you want to offset or enter an option

Exit
Exits the OFFSET command.

23
23
Array:

Command entry: array

Summary
You can create copies of objects in a regularly spaced rectangular or polar array.

The Array dialog box is displayed. You can create rectangular or polar arrays by
choosing the appropriate option. Each object in an array can be manipulated
independently. If you select multiple objects, the objects are treated as one item to
be copied and arrayed.

Array dialog box

Rectangular Array
Creates an array of rows and columns of copies of the selected object.

Rows
Specifies the number of rows in the array.
If you specify one row, you must specify more than one column. If you specify a
large number of rows and columns for the array, it might take a while to create the
copies.

24
24
Columns
Specifies the number of columns in the array.
If you specify one column, you must specify more than one row. If you specify a
large number of rows and columns for the array, it might take a while to create the
copies. Offset Distance and Direction
Provides a space for you to specify the distance and direction of the array's offset.
Row Offset
Specifies the distance (in units) between rows. To add rows downward, specify a
negative value. Column Offset
Specifies the distance (in units) between columns. To add columns to the left,
specify a negative value.
Angle of Array
Specifies the angle of rotation. This angle is normally 0, so the rows and columns are
orthogonal with respect to the X and Y drawing axes of the current UCS.

Polar Array
Creates an array by copying the selected objects around a specified center point.

Center Point
Specifies the center point of the polar array. Enter coordinate values for X and Y, or
choose Pick Center Point to use the pointing device to specify the location.
Pick Center Point
Temporarily closes the Array dialog box so that you can use the pointing device to
specify the center point in the drawing area.
Total Number of Items
Sets the number of objects that appear in the resultant array. The default value is 4.
Angle to Fill
Sets the size of the array by defining the included angle between the base points of
the first and last elements in the array. A positive value specifies counterclockwise
rotation. A negative value specifies clockwise rotation. The default value is 360. A
value of 0 is not permitted.
Rotate Items as Copied
Rotates the items in the array, as shown in the preview area.

25
25
 Lecture 4 (Week 4)

Arc:

Toolbar: Draw
Command entry: arc

Specify start point of arc or [Center]: Specify a point, enter c, or press ENTER to
start tangent to last line, arc, or polyline
To create an arc, you can specify combinations of center, endpoint, start point,
radius, angle, chord length, and direction values.
Start Point
Specifies the starting point of the arc.
Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]:
Second Point
Draws an arc using three specified points on the arc's circumference. The first point
is the start point (1). The third point is the endpoint (3). The second point (2) is a
point on the circumference of the arc.
Specify end point of arc: Specify a point (3)

You can specify a three-point arc either clockwise or counterclockwise.

Center
Specifies the center of the circle of which the arc is a part.
Specify center point of arc:
Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]:
End Point
Using the center point (2), draws an arc counterclockwise from the start point (1) to
an endpoint that falls on an imaginary ray drawn from the center point through the
third point (3).

The arc does not necessarily pass through this third point, as shown in the
illustration.
Angle
Draws an arc counterclockwise from the start point (1) using a center point (2) with a
specified included angle. If the angle is negative, a clockwise arc is drawn.
Specify included angle: Specify an angle

26
26
Chord Length
Draws either a minor or a major arc based on the distance of a straight line between
the start point and endpoint.
If the chord length is positive, the minor arc is drawn counterclockwise from the start
point. If the chord length is negative, the major arc is drawn counterclockwise.
Specify length of chord: Specify a length

End
Specifies the endpoint of the arc.
Specify end point of arc:
Specify center point of arc or [Angle/Direction/Radius]:
Center Point
Draws an arc counterclockwise from the start point (1) to an endpoint that falls on an
imaginary ray drawn from the center point (3) through the second point specified (2).

Angle
Draws an arc counterclockwise from the start point (1) to an endpoint (2), with a
specified included angle. If the angle is negative, a clockwise arc is drawn.
Specify included angle: Enter an angle in degrees or specify an angle by moving the
pointing device counterclockwise

Direction
Begins the arc tangent to a specified direction. It creates any arc, major or minor,
clockwise or counterclockwise, beginning with the start point (1), and ending at an
endpoint (2). The direction is determined from the start point.
Specify tangent direction for the start point of arc:

27
27
Radius
Draws the minor arc counterclockwise from the start point (1) to the endpoint (2). If
the radius is negative, the major arc is drawn.
Specify radius of arc:

Center
Specifies the center of the circle of which the arc is a part.
Specify center point of arc:
Specify start point of arc:
Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]:
End Point
Draws an arc counterclockwise from the start point (2) to an endpoint that falls on an
imaginary ray drawn from the center point (1) through a specified point (3).

Angle
Draws an arc counterclockwise from the start point (2) using a center point (1) with a
specified included angle. If the angle is negative, a clockwise arc is drawn.
Specify included angle:

Chord Length
Draws either a minor or a major arc based on the distance of a straight line between
the start point and endpoint.
If the chord length is positive, the minor arc is drawn counterclockwise from the start
point. If the chord length is negative, the major arc is drawn counterclockwise.
Specify length of chord:

28
28
Rotate:

Toolbar: Modify
Shortcut menu: Select the objects to rotate, and right-click in the drawing area. Click
Rotate.
Command entry: rotate

Select objects: Use an object selection method and press ENTER when you finish
Specify base point: Specify a point
Specify rotation angle or [Copy/Reference]: Enter an angle, specify a point, enter c,
or enter r
Rotation Angle
Determines how far an object rotates around the base point.
The axis of rotation passes through the specified base point and is parallel to the Z
axis of the current UCS.
You can rotate selected objects around a base point to an absolute angle.

Scale :

Toolbar: Modify
Shortcut menu: Select the objects to scale, and right-click in the drawing area. Click
Scale.
Command entry: scale
To scale an object, specify a base point and a scale factor. The base point acts as
the center of the scaling operation and remains stationary. A scale factor greater
than 1 enlarges the object. A scale factor between 0 and 1 shrinks the object.

29
29
Select objects: Use an object selection method and press Enter when you finish
Specify base point: Specify a point
The base point you specify identifies the point that remains in the same location as
the selected objects change size (and thus move away from the stationary base
point).
Specify scale factor or [Copy/Reference]: Specify a scale, enter c, or enter r
Scale Factor
Multiplies the dimensions of the selected objects by the specified scale. A scale
factor greater than 1 enlarges the objects. A scale factor between 0 and 1 shrinks
the objects. You can also drag the cursor to make the object larger or smaller.

Trim:

Toolbar: Modify
Command entry: trim

To trim objects, select the boundaries. Then press ENTER and select the objects
that you want to trim. To use all objects as boundaries, press ENTER at the first
Select Objects prompt.

Select cutting edges...

Select objects or <select all>: Select one or more objects and press ENTER, or
press ENTER to select all displayed objects

Select the objects that define the cutting edges to which you want to trim an object,
or press ENTER to select all displayed objects as potential cutting edges. TRIM
projects the cutting edges and the objects to be trimmed onto the XY plane of the
current user coordinate system (UCS).
Select object to trim
Select an object to trim
Object to Trim
Specifies the object to trim. The prompt for selecting the object to trim repeats so you
can trim multiple objects. Press ENTER to exit the command.

30
30
Extend:

Toolbar: Modify
Command entry: extend

Select boundary edges...

Select objects or <select all>: Select one or more objects and press Enter, or press
Enter to select all displayed objects
Select object to extend
Boundary Object Selection
Uses the selected objects to define the boundary edges to which you want to extend
an object.
Object to Extend
Specifies the objects to extend. Press Enter to end the command.

Break:

Toolbar: Modify
Command entry: break

You can create a gap between two specified points on an object, breaking it into two
objects. If the points are off of an object, they are automatically projected on to the
object. BREAK is often used to create space for a block or text.

Select object: Use an object selection method, or specify the first break point (1) on
an object
The prompts that are displayed next depend on how you select the object. If you
select the object by using your pointing device, the program both selects the object
and treats the selection point as the first break point. At the next prompt you can
continue by specifying the second point or overriding the first point.

31
31
Specify second break point or [First point]: Specify the second break point (2) or
enter f
Second Break Point
Specifies the second point to use to break the object.
First Point
Overrides the original first point with the new point that you specify.
Specify first break point:
Specify second break point:

The portion of the object is erased between the two points that you specify. If the
second point is not on the object, the nearest point on the object is selected;
therefore, to break off one end of a line, arc, or polyline, specify the second point
beyond the end to be removed.
To split an object in two without erasing a portion, enter the same point for both the
first and second points. You can do this by entering @ to specify the second point.
Lines, arcs, circles, polylines, ellipses, splines, donuts, and several other object
types can be split into two objects or have one end removed.
The program converts a circle to an arc by removing a piece of the circle starting
counterclockwise from the first to the second point.

You can also break selected objects at a single point with the Break at Point tool.
Valid objects include lines, open polylines, and arcs. Closed objects such as circles
cannot be broken at a single point.

32
32
Join:

Toolbar: Modify
Command entry: join

Objects to be joined must be located in the same plane. Each type of object has
additional restrictions.

Select source object: Select a line, polyline, arc, elliptical arc, spline, or helix
Depending on the source object selected, one of the following prompts is displayed:
Line
Select lines to join to source: Select one or more lines and press ENTER
The line objects must be collinear (lying on the same infinite line), but can have gaps
between them.

Chamfer:

Toolbar: Modify
Command entry: chamfer

You can chamfer lines and polylines.

(TRIM mode) Current chamfer Dist1 = current, Dist2 = current

Distance
Sets the distance of the chamfer from the endpoint of the selected edge.
Specify first chamfer distance <current>:
Specify second chamfer distance <current>:

If you set both distances to zero, CHAMFER extends or trims the two lines so they
end at the same point.
Select first line or [Undo/Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/mEthod/Multiple]: Use an
object selection method or enter an option

33
33
First Line
Specifies the first of two edges required to define a 2D chamfer.
Select second line: Use an object selection method

Fillet:

Menu: Modify
Command entry: fillet

Summary
In the example, an arc is created that is tangent to both of the selected lines. The
lines are trimmed to the ends of the arc. To create a sharp corner instead, enter a
radius of zero.

You can fillet arcs, circles, elipses, elliptical arcs, lines and polylines.
Current settings: Mode = current, Radius = current
Radius
Defines the radius of the rounded edge.
If you set radius to zero, FILLET extends or trims the two lines so they end at the
same point.
Select first object or [Undo/Polyline/Radius/Trim/Multiple]: Use an object selection
method or enter an option
First Object
Selects the first of two objects required to define a 2D fillet.

Select second object or shift-select to apply corner: Use an object selection method
If the selected objects are straight line segments of a 2D polyline, they can be
adjacent or separated by one other segment. If they are separated by another
polyline segment, FILLET deletes the segment that separates them and replaces it
with the fillet.

34
34
 Lecture 5 (Week 5)
Text:

Single line text:

Menu: Draw Text Single Line Text

Command entry: text
Current text style: <current> Current text height: <current> Annotative: <current>

Specify start point of text or [Justify/Style]: Specify a point or enter an option

You can use single-line text to create one or more lines of text, where each text line
is an independent object that you can relocate, reformat, or otherwise modify.
The TEXT command creates a single-line text object.

Specifies a start point for the text object.

Specify height <current>: Specify a point (1), enter a value, or press ENTER
The SpecifyHeight prompt is displayed only if the current text style is not
annotative and does not have a fixed height.

Specify paper text height <current>: Specify a height, or press ENTER

The Specify Paper Text Height prompt is displayed only if the current text style is
annotative.

Specify rotation angle of text <current>: Specify an angle or press ENTER

Enter text in the In-Place Text Editor for single-line text.

Multiline Text:
Menu: Draw Text Multiline Text At the Command prompt, enter mtext.

Toolbar: Draw
Pointing device: Double-click a multiline text object.
Command entry: mtext
Current text style: <current> Text height: <current> Annotative: <current>
Specify first corner:
35
35
Specify opposite corner or [Height/Justify/Line
spacing/Rotation/Style/Width/Columns]:
You can create several paragraphs of text as a single multiline text (mtext) object.
With the built-in editor, you can format the text appearance, columns, and
boundaries.

Hatch:

Menu: Draw Hatch

Toolbar: Draw
Command entry: hatch
Defines the boundaries, pattern type, pattern properties, and other parameters for
hatch and gradient fill objects.
The Hatch and Gradient dialog box includes the following:
 Hatch tab
 Gradient tab
 More Options section
 Add: Pick Points
 Add: Select Objects
 Recreate Boundary
 Remove Boundaries

36
36
 View Selections
 Select Boundary Objects
 Options
 Inherit Properties
 Preview

Add: Pick Points

Determines a boundary from existing objects that form an enclosed area around the
specified point. The dialog box closes temporarily, and you are prompted to pick a
point.
Pick internal point or [Select objects/remove Boundaries]: Click within the area to be
hatched or filled, specify an option, enter u or undo to undo the last selection, or
press ENTER to return to the dialog box

37
37
While picking internal points, you can right-click in the drawing area at any time to
display a shortcut menu that contains several options.
If you turn on Island Detection, objects that enclose areas within the outermost
boundary are detected as islands. How HATCH detects objects using this option
depends on which island detection method you select in the More Options area of
the dialog box.
Note Displays red circles on unconnected endpoints when a boundary cannot be
determined.
Add: Select Objects
Determines a boundary from selected objects that form an enclosed area. The dialog
box closes temporarily, and you are prompted to select objects.
Select objects or [pick internal point/remove Boundaries]:Select objects that define
the area to be hatched or filled, specify an option, enter u or undo to undo the last
selection, or press ENTER to return to the dialog box

Pattern
Click an image to select a pattern and click OK.
ANSI
Displays all ANSI patterns shipped with the product.
ISO
Displays all ISO patterns shipped with the product.
Other Predefined
Displays all patterns other than ANSI and ISO shipped with the product.
Specifies an angle and a scale for the selected hatch pattern.
Angle
Specifies an angle for the hatch pattern relative to the X axis of the current UCS.
Scale
Expands or contracts a predefined or custom pattern.

38
38
Preview
Dismisses the dialog box and displays the currently defined boundaries with the
current hatch or fill settings. Click in the drawing or press ESC to return to the dialog
box. Right-click or press ENTER to accept the hatch or fill.

Dimension:

Dimensioning is the process of adding measurement annotation to a drawing.

You can create dimensions for a variety of object types in many orientations. The
basic types of dimensioning are
 Linear
 Radial (radius, diameter and jogged)
 Angular

Linear dimensions
Linear dimensions can be horizontal, vertical, aligned, rotated, baseline, or continued
(chained). Some examples are shown in the illustration.

Dimension Circles and Arcs

If you use an arc or a circle or three points to specify an angle, the program draws
the dimension line arc between the extension lines. The extension lines are drawn
from the angle endpoints to the intersection of the dimension line arc.

39
39
Dimension Style Control:

You can control dimension line properties including color, lineweight, and spacing.
You can control several aspects of a dimension line. You can
 Specify color and lineweight for visual effect and plotting
 Suppress the dimension line or, if the dimension line is broken by text, one or
both halves

 Control the spacing between successive dimension lines in baseline

dimensions

 Control the distance by which the dimension line extends beyond the
extension lines for architectural tick (oblique stroke) arrowheads

Extension line:
You can control extension line properties including color, lineweight, overshoot, and
offset length.
You can control several aspects of the extension lines. You can
 Specify color and lineweight for visual effect and plotting
 Suppress one or both extension lines if they are unnecessary, or if there is not
enough space

40
40
 Specify how far beyond from the dimension line the extension line extends
(overshoot)

 Control the extension origin offset, the distance between the extension line
origin, and the start of the extension line

 Specify a fixed length for extension lines, as measured from the dimension
line toward the extension line origin

Text style in dimensions

1. Click Format Dimension Style.
2. In the Dimension Style Manager, select the style you want to [Link] Modify.
3. In the Modify Dimension Style dialog box, Text tab, under Text Appearance, select
a text style.
4. If the current text style does not have a fixed height, enter the height of dimension
text in the Text Height box.
5. Under Tolerances,enter a height for tolerance values in the Scaling for Height box.
6. In the Offset from Dim Line box, enter a value for the gap around base dimension
text.
7. Select a color from the Text Color box.
8. Click OK
9. Click Close to exit the Dimension Style Manager
To choose an arrowhead

1. Click Format Dimension Style. Enter dimstyle at the command prompt.

2. In the Dimension Style Manager, select the style you want to [Link] Modify.
3. In the Modify Dimension Style dialog box, Symbols and Arrows tab, under
Arrowheads, select the arrowhead type for the first end of the dimension line.
The second arrowhead is automatically set to the same type.
4. To set the second end of the dimension line to a different arrowhead type, select
an arrowhead type from the Second list.
5. In the Size box, enter a size for the arrowhead.
6. Click OK.
7. Click Close to exit the Dimension Style Manager.

41
41
 Department:CONSTRUCTIONANDBUI

LDING

CourseTitle:ComputerAidedDrafting
CourseNo.:ME255SheetNo.:(1)Date:Week1

2.50 8.00 4.00

4 5

2.50
6 7
7.00

9.00
8
10.50

3.00
10
11
3.00

12
1

1.0,1.0 6.00 2.00 6.50

PointCoordinates
Absolute Relative Polar
FromPointNo.(1) 1,1
ToPointNo.(2)
ToPointNo.(3)
ToPointNo.(4)
ToPointNo.(5)
ToPointNo.(6)
ToPointNo.(7)
ToPointNo.(8)
ToPointNo.(9)
ToPointNo.(10)
ToPointNo.(11)
ToPointNo.(12)
ToPointNo.(1)
 Department:CONSTRUCTIONANDBUILDING
Lecturers:[Link]-
[Link]
CourseTitle:ComputerAidedDraftingRoom:B00
6
CourseNo.:ME255SheetNo.:(1)[Link]:Week1

Problem(1- 1.00
3.00 2.00 2.00 15.00
2)
1.00

6 7 9 10

2.00
5
8
3.00

10.00
4
2.00

3
2.00

2
2.00
12 11

4.00
11.00

13

14 5.00

1
10.00 4.00 9.00
0.0,0.0

PointCoordinates
Absolute Relative Polar
FromPointNo.(1) 0.0,0.0
ToPointNo.(2)
ToPointNo.(3)
ToPointNo.(4)
ToPointNo.(5)
ToPointNo.(6)
ToPointNo.(7)
ToPointNo.(8)
ToPointNo.(9)
ToPointNo.(10)
ToPointNo.(11)
ToPointNo.(12)
ToPointNo.(13)
ToPointNo.(14)
ToPointNo.(1)
 Department:CONSTRUCTIONANDBUILDING
Lecturers:[Link]-
[Link]
CourseTitle:ComputerAidedDraftingRoom:B00
6
CourseNo.:ME255SheetNo.:(1)[Link]:Week1

Problem(1-3)

8.00 3.00 5.00

6 5

3.00
4
10.00

6.00
3.00 2.00

3 2
7
2.00

9 8

9.00
6.00

10 1

21.00

PointCoordinates
Absolute Relative Polar
FromPointNo.(1) 30,15
ToPointNo.(2)
ToPointNo.(3)
ToPointNo.(4)
ToPointNo.(5)
ToPointNo.(6)
ToPointNo.(7)
ToPointNo.(8)
ToPointNo.(9)
ToPointNo.(10)
ToPointNo.(1)
 Department:CONSTRUCTIONANDBUILDING
Lecturers:[Link]-
[Link]
CourseTitle:ComputerAidedDraftingRoom:B00
6
CourseNo.:ME255SheetNo.:(1)[Link]:Week1

Problem(1-4)
2.00 10.00 3.00 5.00

7 6

5.00
8.00

3.00
9 8 4
5.00

5.00
3 2
10
5.00

5.00

11
5.00 15.00
1

PointCoordinates
Absolute Relative Polar
FromPointNo.(1) 20,10
ToPointNo.(2)
ToPointNo.(3)
ToPointNo.(4)
ToPointNo.(5)
ToPointNo.(6)
ToPointNo.(7)
ToPointNo.(8)
ToPointNo.(9)
ToPointNo.(10)
ToPointNo.(11)
ToPointNo.(1)
 Department:CONSTRUCTIONANDBUI

LDING

CourseTitle:ComputerAidedDrafting
CourseNo.:ME255SheetNo.:(2)Date:Week2

Problem(2-1)

16.00 2.00

2.00
5.00
2.50

5.50 5.00 5.50

Figure(2)
Figure(1)

5.00 10.00 5.00

5.00
10.00

5.00

20.00

Figure(3)
 Department:CONSTRUCTIONANDBUI

LDING

CourseTitle:ComputerAidedDrafting
CourseNo.:ME255SheetNo.:(2)[Link]:Week2

Problem(1-1)

1.00
8.00

2.00 3.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00

2.00
7.00

15.00

Figure(4)

5.86
5.00
5.00

4.00

5.00 3.00 4.00 3.00 5.00

20.00
Figure(5)
 Department:CONSTRUCTIONANDBUI

LDING

CourseTitle:ComputerAidedDrafting
CourseNo.:ME255SheetNo.:(3)Date:Week3

0.25 1.00 0.25

0.25
0.50
3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00
0.10

0.10

0.25
5.00
5.00

0.20

Figure(1)
0.75
0.40

0.20
0.75

0.75 1.00 0.75

0.20
Figure(2)
Department:CONSTRUCTIONANDBUI

LDING

CourseTitle:ComputerAidedDrafting
CourseNo.:ME255SheetNo.:(3)[Link]:Week3

1.00
0.80 0.70
0.65

2.60 0.70

Figure(3)

0.70
0.10 0.35
0.05
0.050.05

0.10

0.70

0.30
0.20
0.70

3.70
0.50

0.40
0.40
0.40

Figure(4)
0.30
 Department:CONSTRUCTIONANDBUI

LDING

CourseTitle:ComputerAidedDrafting
CourseNo.:ME255SheetNo.:(4)Date:Week4

Problem(1)

1 2
6.00

B
0.20 1.20 1.60 0.40 1.60 1.20 0.20
0.20
B

1.60
2.00

8.00

8.40
0.80
2.00
1.60
A

A
0.20

0.60 1.40 4.00

0.20 0.20
6.40

1 2
 Department:CONSTRUCTIONANDBUI

LDING

CourseTitle:ComputerAidedDrafting
CourseNo.:ME255SheetNo.:(4cont.)Date:Week4

Problem(2)

1 2 3 4
3.00 4.40 3.00

4.80

0.20 2.80 0.20.40 1.60 0.40 1.60 0.40.20 2.80 0.20

C

C
4.20

4.20
0.40

0.20
B

B
0.40

0.40

0.40

1.20

0.50
1.60
0.20

0.40

6.40

6.40
6.00

1.60

4.30 1.40 4.30

1.20
A

A
0.40

0.20

4.10 2.60 4.10

4.00

10.40

1 4
 Department:CONSTRUCTIONANDBUI

LDING

CourseTitle:ComputerAidedDrafting
CourseNo.:ME255SheetNo.:(5)Date:Week5

Problem:5-1

1 2
0.20 6.40 0.20 1.80 0.20

2.40 1.60 2.40

1.00 4.40 1.00

1.00 0.20

0.20
0.20

A A
0.55
3.00

3.00
1.60

0.20 1.00 4.80

0.20

0.55

5.30

B B
1.00 0.40
1.25

5.60
2.90

1.60

0.20
3.70
1.70

2.20 1.60 2.20

0.20 1.25

C C
0.30
1.00
0.20

0.20 1.00 0.20 4.00 0.20 1.00 0.20 1.80 0.20

1 2
 Department:CONSTRUCTIONANDBUI

LDING

CourseTitle:ComputerAidedDrafting
CourseNo.:ME255SheetNo.:(5)[Link]:Week5

1 2 3 4
12.0
4.0 4.0 4.0

1.5 1.6 2.4 1.6 2.4 1.6 1.5

A A
1.5

1.7
Office Office
4.0

4.0
1.6

3.9

1.6

B B
2.8

1.8

10.0
3.9
10.0

WC
1.0 0.6 1.0 2.8
3.0

0.4
3.0

0.8

0.4 1.0

0.4
Reciption
B
B
1.3

1.6

3.0

Office 0.2
1.6
3.0

5.7
1.7
1.0

C C
1.6
1.0

0.9
1.2

5.0 2.1

1.5 1.6 1.7 1.6 6.1

4.0 4.0 4.0

12.0

1 2 3 4