Scribd
Upload
707 views1 page

UGC NET Unit3 Programming Languages and Computer Graphics Long Notes

The document covers programming languages and computer graphics, detailing their definitions, classifications, and paradigms. It discusses key programming languages like C, C++, Java, and Python, as well as the compilation process and data structures. Additionally, it introduces computer graphics concepts, algorithms, transformations, and viewing techniques.

Uploaded by

asmwcp1523006
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
707 views1 page

UGC NET Unit3 Programming Languages and Computer Graphics Long Notes

The document covers programming languages and computer graphics, detailing their definitions, classifications, and paradigms. It discusses key programming languages like C, C++, Java, and Python, as well as the compilation process and data structures. Additionally, it introduces computer graphics concepts, algorithms, transformations, and viewing techniques.

Uploaded by

asmwcp1523006
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

UGC NET – COMPUTER SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

UNIT – 3: PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS (LONG NOTES)

1. INTRODUCTION
Programming Languages are formal languages used to write programs. Computer Graphics deals
with creating, storing, and manipulating visual content.

2. PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
Definition: Set of instructions to communicate with computers.
Classification: Low-Level (Machine, Assembly), High-Level (C, C++, Java, Python).
Paradigms: Procedural (C), OOP (C++, Java), Functional (Haskell), Scripting (Python, JavaScript).

3. BASICS OF C, C++, JAVA, PYTHON


C: Procedural, structured.
C++: OOP, classes, inheritance, polymorphism.
Java: Platform independent, JVM, multithreading.
Python: Interpreted, dynamically typed, OOP and functional support.

4. COMPILATION PROCESS
Stages: Lexical Analysis, Syntax Analysis, Semantic Analysis, Intermediate Code, Code
Optimization, Code Generation.

5. PROGRAMMING CONSTRUCTS
Variables, Data Types, Operators, Control Statements (if, switch), Loops (for, while), Functions,
OOP Concepts.

6. DATA STRUCTURES IN PROGRAMMING


Arrays, Linked Lists, Stack (LIFO), Queue (FIFO), Trees, Graphs.

7. INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER GRAPHICS


Definition, Applications (CAD, Gaming, Simulations), Graphics Hardware (Input/Output devices,
Graphics Card), Graphics Software (APIs like OpenGL, DirectX).

8. GRAPHICS ALGORITHMS
Line Drawing: DDA, Bresenham's algorithm.
Circle Drawing: Midpoint circle algorithm.
Polygon Filling: Scan-line, Boundary-fill, Flood-fill.

9. TRANSFORMATIONS IN COMPUTER GRAPHICS


2D: Translation, Scaling, Rotation, Reflection, Shearing.
3D: Translation, Scaling, Rotation along axes, Orthographic & Perspective Projection.

10. VIEWING AND CLIPPING


Windowing, Viewport Mapping, Clipping Algorithms (Cohen-Sutherland, Sutherland-Hodgman).

11. SUMMARY
Programming languages enable structured coding, compilers translate code, and computer
graphics allows creation and manipulation of visual data using algorithms and transformations.

You might also like