Part 1

hello welcome to the annual Community Art Show information line how can I help
you today
hi I've already purchased my ticket for the art showv but I wanted to check a few
details before the event can you help me with that
certainly I'll just need a few details can you provide your postcode to find your
booking
sure it's a F 7 4 1 T
thank you ah yes I found your booking just to confirm you've booked for 20
fifth of november right
yes that's correct what time does the event begin the doors open at four PM but
the actual event starts at four thirty PM however we advise arriving early to avoid
any delays by the way did you know there's a discount for local residents
yes I think I already received it I'm pretty sure I paid sixteen pounds fifty pence
right
hmm let me check ah yes you're right you paid £16 50 instead of the standard £20
I'm glad I qualified for the discount will my family members be able to come for
free as I heard
that's correct family members of local residents can enter free of charge just make
sure you bring some form of ID that shows your residency
excellent do you know how many artworks will be on display this year oh there
will be more than 360 pieces from both local and international artists last year we
had 320 pieces but we've expanded the exhibition
that's impressive and will there be any special performances this time
yes there's a live sound show that's generating a lot of excitement it's actually
the first time we're including this type of performance
oh a sound performance I love unique events like that now I also heard there will
be live music right I believe I read it's going to be guitar music

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actually there was an initial plan for guitar music but it's been changed instead
we'll have live piano music which we think will create a better atmosphere for the
event
that sounds lovely now I'm curious about refreshments will there be any available
yes drinks will be sold at the venue and each ticket holder gets a free drink either
alcoholic or non alcoholic depending on your preference we'll have a selection of
beverages available including water juices and wine
nice I'll probably stick to non alcoholic I'm bringing my kids along are there any
special activities for them
certainly we're offering art workshops for children under 12 but please note that
parents or guardians must accompany them at all times during the event
understood I'll make sure to keep an eye on them one last thing what happens if the
event is cancelled will we get our money back
unfortunately the tickets are non refundable but don't worry we've taken out an
insurance policy for the event in the event of cancellation the insurance will cover
the cost of your tickets so you're safe there
that's good to know thanks for all the information
you're welcome we look forward to seeing you at the event

Part 2
part 2 you will hear a woman introducing a new fitness center to the local residents
first you have some time to look at questions 11 to fifteen
now listen carefully and answer questions 11 to fifteen
good morning everyone we are gathered today for the unveiling of our new fitness
center our business started in 2006 when we recognized the need for a new modern
and affordable fitness center for those living in the area we pulled resources
together and started a small center just off this road to your left we have been there
over the years until we decided we needed more room and more facilities due to
the increasing numbers this new facility is estimated to contain at least 1,000
people at a time and is equipped with the latest state of the art fitness facilities you

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can think of from the entrance just to your right you would get to the meeting room
where we hold team meetings sometime in the past our customers usually came in
through the west gate and went to the first room on their left to exercise well this
room used to be the gym room but now it's the women's fitting room our female
customers can change and try on clothes there the gym room would be the big
room on your right as you enter from the west gate it houses state of the art gym
equipment as well as provides an arena for working out at the top right corner of
the map we have the men's fitting room where men can change with some privacy
some squash members say they would like to have classes at the room between two
fitting rooms as it would be more convenient to change after sweating well we will
have a discussion about it and inform you if any changes happen now our squash
court is still at the other wing situated directly opposite the west gate the larger
building behind it is the largest in the state for skating courses it provides adequate
conditioning and the properly selected tracks for beginners
before you hear the rest of the talk you have some time to look at questions 16 to
twenty now listen and answer questions 16 to 20
why invest a lot in fitness and sports well we have observed that in our society the
rate at which people develop preventable diseases is alarming statistics show that
there is a very strong link between sedentary lifestyle and these diseases we have
set up this centre to correct and combat it while making sure it is open accessible
and affordable to all to develop overall strength in the individual the fitness
machines are built to help those who always complain of muscle weakness to
overcome their challenges we also have rooms for mat exercises many people
always think that such exercises are only good for limbs and shoulders well
actually for anyone who wants to have a flexible body these exercises such as
plank and crunches are a good choice you don't need any high end fitness
equipment we also have an expansive space just behind the building that we use
for cycling exercises this sport is good to help develop strength in the legs and it is
equally a good way of freeing the mind many members hope that such exercises
will help them lose weight I'm afraid they don't work that way we offer aerobics
for those interested in raising their heart rate it is a great sport to train your mind
and also makes blood flow more efficient and faster contrary to what most people
think weight training does little to help you lose weight but it does help you
develop solid mental coordination and to stay focused without getting distracted so

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easily so as we unveil this centre today we're glad that you can also be a part of
this step in the right direction thank you all for honouring us that's the end of part 2
you now have half a minute to check your answers

Part 3
part 3 you will hear two music students discussing the results of a survey they
have done first you have some time to look at questions 21 to 26 now listen
carefully and answer questions 21 to 26
so Gareth we need to organise the findings from our survey on music students for
the final presentation
yes Lona I think we've got some very interesting results obviously we need to
start by saying that we interviewed all the third year students doing a music
degree and state the objective of our research project that is to find out about their
attitudes to performing
and then we should talk about the students'musical backgrounds before coming to
university the most important points to make are that although most people have
actually composed music during the course that wasn't the case when they arrived
and the other thing they had in common was the piano
well they'd had access to a piano at some point but not all had studied it formally I
thought the most interesting finding was that before coming here almost everyone
was involved in a chamber orchestra or band or singing in a choir and playing in
front of live audiences but varying enormously in size some had only played in
tiny venues I think it's worth saying that
OK and as you might expect from people wanting to study music they all had a
degree of proficiency in at least two instruments but in most cases one of the
instruments was dominant
right we need to talk about attitudes to music practice the most striking thing here
is that even students who you'd expect to practice for hours every day until they
get it perfect say it's being terrified of failing that really makes them practice I
know I'm the same

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me too it's interesting what was said about practicing alone so some people
preferred that because they could focus more on their weak points but that wasn't a
majority view what most of them agree on is that there's nothing more rewarding
than mastering something that's really hard to learn
that's right okay after that we should talk a bit about the pieces that students select
for assessed performances
there wasn't quite so much consensus on this was there a few people prefer to do
pieces which are relatively unknown while others choose the ones they think will
show off their technical ability but they were in the minority
hmm I think the first thing to say is that a high percentage said they would
always try to learn their pieces by heart because it's too easy to get lost if you're
trying to read and play when you're nervous
okay and quite a lot of them said it helps to listen to other people playing your
chosen piece preferably recordings but even just other students
before you hear the rest of the discussion you have some time to look at questions
27 to thirty now listen and answer questions 27 to thirty
so finally we need to look at the findings for students attitudes to performing we
should point out that this includes informal and formal public performances as well
as assessed ones
yes that's important I expected to find that performing solo would make students
very nervous but in fact that isn't the case
they do find it hugely challenging to start with but they appreciate the challenge
and find it stimulating
right I was surprised by what students said about deciding which pieces to perform
I thought they'd all say this was easy for me it's always been quite straightforward
which pieces do I like best and which pieces can I play well and my repertoire is
quite limited anyway but the most commonly cited answer was that it took them
ages to make their mind
what's up I suppose it's because there are so many factors involved you need to
consider your audience the venue the time available to learn the piece especially if

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it's complicated you need to think about all these things and you can't do that in a
hurry
that's true then there's performing with musicians from a different genre like a
classical musician playing with a jazz group that can really be fun
but most of the music students had never even considered it
right for performing with musicians who play the same instrument almost everyone
put the same thing
yes they all said it was incredibly helpful and not at all intimidating which says a
lot for the department's ethos yes that's a good point
what I think we should sort out now
Part 4
part 4 you will hear a lecture about some archaeological research first you have
some time to look at questions 31 to forty now listen carefully and answer
questions 31 to forty so far in these lectures we've been looking at evidence of
human migration across the African continent and into mainland Asia Today let's
see what evidence we have for Stone Age man specifically in Japan the particular
evidence as you will see has had a considerable impact on the beliefs of both
archaeologists and anthropologists let's start by mentioning the man who first
discovered this evidence in 1877 an American zoologist Edward S Morse went
looking for shells and fossils in Japan at Omori an area which had once been
coastal but he also ended up discovering fragments of pottery on the fragments
there was a pattern that was unlike anything archaeologists had seen before at the
time it was thought that this pottery was no more than a few thousand years old
then in the 1960s archaeologists were carrying out excavations in Fukui Cave in
the Japanese island of Kyushu and they found more examples of this pottery they
could now take advantage of carbon dating technology and to their amazement it
showed that the pottery had been made around 12,000 years ago that's 10,000 BC
this pottery has become known as Jomon pottery and the period of time during
which it was produced has been named the Jomon Period how did the people who
made this pottery find their way to Japan in the first place during the Ice Age
somewhere between 35,000 BC and 30,000 BC the Japanese islands as we know

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them today were connected to the eastern and south eastern Asian mainland so you
could cross from one large landmass to another over something that we call a land
bridge and that's how Stone Age humans crossed into Japan but when
temperatures finally rose this LED to some major environmental changes Japan
had been
covered in frozen earth but now with the warmer climate forests grew with this
new habitat smaller animals began to appear such as sika deer still found in Japan
today as well as wild boar and bear where once people had used spears to attack
the elephants and giant deer that they depended upon for food for hunting the new
smaller animals they replaced these weapons with arrows and developed skills in
archery the new habitat also meant that they had a new range of foodstuffs at their
disposal which they could collect a greater variety of plants nuts and fishnow this
way of life continued for thousands of years but then we come to the early Jomon
period which was from about 10,500 BC to 8,000 BC well according to previous
archaeological theory the people in these very early societies didn't make or use
pottery because they were hunters who were constantly on the move following the
animals and they wouldn't have been able to carry it around with them but it now
appears that the early Jomon people actually seem to have invented pottery
making while they were still getting their food in this way long before they had
begun to rely on agriculture as a source of food later in the jump on period 8,000
BC to 5,000 BC we find larger pots that were used to boil vegetable type food to
make it edible which suggests that the Jomon people had become at least semi
sedentary in other words we're remaining in the same place for a while for a long
time they had lived in caves but now we find evidence of villages one of these has
been found to the southwest of Mount Fuji there is evidence of 10 round buildings
the jomon dug shallow pits in the ground and used wooden posts to hold up the
roof each of these houses had its own two stones a flat one and a grinding one for
breaking down the nuts and other hard vegetable type foodstuffs the jamaon
survived on at this time
this more sedentary culture LED to important population increases by the end of
the Jomon period we see the influence of migration from northern Asia and the
southern Pacific for example the newcomers brought with them technological
developments in textiles and glass making and they also introduced their marriage
rituals we also have evidence that the migrants influenced local architectural styles
and methods of construction at this time the Jomon people also began to cultivate
food and in particular rice at last a real step towards the practice of agriculturev it
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is remarkable that this unique culture survived for so long without it that is the end
of part 4 you now have one minute to check your answers to part four

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