ISO 14001 STANDARD

– VERSION 2015
 INTRODUCTION TO ISO 14001 - 2015

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

ISO 14001: internationally recognized standard that establishes the requirements

related to an environmental management system

ISO 14001: helps organizations improve their performance

environmental thanks to a more rational use of
resources and waste reduction, thereby winning,
a competitive advantage and the trust of stakeholders

An environmental management system helps organizations to

identify, manage, monitor and control their environmental issues
in a 'holistic' perspective (to consider phenomena
like totalities
 ISO 14001 - 2015: same framework structure as the ISO 9001 - 2015 standards
(quality management) and ISO 45001 (to be published) (management of
health and safety at work⇒ possibility of easily using ISO 14001
within an integrated management system

ISO 14001: is aimed at organizations of all types and sizes,

whether they are private, non-profit, or public

ISO 14001: requires that an organization must consider all issues

environmental issues related to its operations, such as:

Pollution Management of Utilization

atmospheric waste effective of
resources
Contamination Attenuation of
of the earth Management of changes
the water and
climatic and
sewage the adaptation
 Like all management system standards from ISO, ISO
14001 includes the need to engage in a dynamic of improvement
continue systems and the approach of organizations to address
environmental issues

Contributions of improvements from the revision of the 14001 standard in 2015:

Increased importance of Stronger engagement

management in favor of initiatives
environmental in the proactive intended for
planning process stimulate performance
strategic of the organization environmental

Strengthening of
the implication of the
direction
 ADVANTAGES OF ISO 14001 - 2015 -

Demonstrate compliance with legal and regulatory requirements,

current and future

Strengthen management involvement and employee engagement

Improve the company's reputation and the trust of the parties

engaging through strategic communication

Achieve strategic objectives while considering the questions.

environmental factors in business management

Achieving a competitive and financial advantage through improvement

efficiency and cost reduction

Promote better environmental performance of

suppliers by integrating them into the organization's activity systems
WHY WAS ISO 14001 REVISED?

All ISO standards are regularly reviewed with a view to their

possible revision to ensure that they remain fully relevant
for the market

ISO 14001 - 2015: addresses the growing awareness by the

companies, the necessity to take into account external elements and
interns who have an influence on their environmental impact like the
climate volatility and the competitive context in which they operate

The revisions made are also intended to ensure compatibility.

from the standard with other management system standards
NEW REQUIREMENTS OF ISO 14001 - 2015 -

Increased importance of environmental management in guidance

strategic of the organization

A greater involvement of management

Implementation of proactive initiatives to preserve the environment

any harm and any degradation, such as the use of resources
durable and the mitigation of the effects of climate change

Adoption of a life cycle perspective to ensure that the aspects

environmental issues are addressed from design to end of life

Introduction of a stakeholder-focused communication strategy

 CERTIFICATION ISO 14001 - 2015 -

ISO 14001 certification is not mandatory and organizations

can take advantage of a large number of the benefits of the standard without
go through this process

Certification issued by a third party (certification body)

indépendante qui atteste la conformité des pratiques de l’organisme aux
requirements of the ISO 14001 standard

The acquisition of an ISO 14001 certificate is for buyers, clients,

suppliers and other interested parties the proof that the organization
has implemented the standard properly

Certification allows certain organizations to demonstrate how

they comply with regulatory or contractual requirements
 ADVICE FOR IMPLEMENTATION
FROM ISO 14001 - 2015 -

Tip #1: Define your goals - What do you want to achieve with
this standard?

Tip No. 2: Ensure management participation -

It is essential that the leaders of the organization support the
objectives of an effective environmental management system
and be engaged in the process

Tip #3: Make sure to fully understand the existing processes and systems
who are relevant to your environmental impact, this allows:

Construction of the bases Easy identification

fundamentals of the system of non-conformities
environmental management potential
- OTHER USEFUL STANDARDS FROM THE ISO FAMILY -

ISO 14004

It provides guidelines regarding the establishment, the implementation

work, the update and improvement of a management system
environmental, indicating how to coordinate it with others
existing management systems

ISO 14006

It is intended to be used by organizations that have implemented

establish an environmental management system in accordance with
to ISO 14001, but can also help integrate eco-design
within other management systems
 CONCEPTS AND TERMINOLOGY

External actors: supervisory authorities

Ministries, wilayas, prefectures, regions, ...

Development and implementation of the policy of

government and ensures the implementation of laws and regulations

The regulatory basis

Environmental Code
Laws, decrees, orders, circulars
International law, ...
The concerned elements

The establishment of an environmental management system has been

initiated to protect the following elements:

WATER AIR SOLS

Examples of major impact accidents on the environment

Seveso (1976): leak in a chemical reactor and propagation of a

toxic dioxin cloud (contaminated soils, animal deaths, ...)

Schweizerhalle (1986): fire causing the spread of products

toxic chemicals (pollution of the Rhine, destruction of fauna and flora)

Bhopal (1984): explosion of a tank and spread of a very toxic gas

toxic (10,000 dead, 4,000 animals dead, vegetation affected)
Example: French regulation

Establishments subject to the legislation of Classified Installations (ICPE)

For the’Environment

-Art L 511.1 of the French Code of theEnvironment:The Facilities

Classified for the Environment (ICPE) are facilities that can
present dangers or disadvantages for the convenience of the neighborhood, the
health, safety, public hygiene, agriculture, nature protection
and the environment or the conservation of sites and monuments

Circumstances of accidents affecting the environment: phase of

less control (reduced activity period, work, maintenance, testing)
hardware failure, human or organizational factors

Main consequences of accidents: water pollution in

surface, atmospheric pollution, severe impacts on wildlife and flora,
soil contamination + human and material damage
Ranking of ICPE: according to the level of hazards or disadvantages
potential, the installations will follow a more or less regulation
constraining

In increasing order of requirements, we will have:

Installations subject to declaration
Installations subject to prefectural authorization
Seveso establishments

Nomenclature of ICPE: classification of ICPE carried out by substances

et activités

Substances 2. Activities
1.0 Substances/Preparations 2.1 Agricultural activities and animals
1.1Toxic 2.2 Agro-food
1.2 Comburantes 2.3 Textiles, leathers, and hides
1.3 Explosible 2.4 Wood, paper, cardboard, printing
1.4 Flammable Materials 2.5 Materials, minerals, and metals
1.5 Fuels 2.6 Chemistry, rubber
1.6 Corrosives 2.7 Waste
1.7 Radioactives 2.8 Divers
1.8 Divers
Documents of the ICPE file: names of the sections for which the
thresholds have been exceeded, site plans, waste management methods,
impact and hazard studies, technological risk prevention plan
(PPRT), internal operation plan (POI), ...

-Examples of obligations for the operator of a classified installation for environmental protection (ICPE): control access

at ICPE, respect safety distances from the limits

properties and buildings, implement measures to control
the fire, controlling its water networks, retention of hazardous products,
study of noise, ...
Transport of Dangerous Goods

Types of hazardous materials transported: flammable materials,

explosives, toxic, infectious, radioactive, corrosive, ...

Regulations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods

intervene in the control of any transport of material that by its
physical-chemical characteristics (toxicity, reactivity…) may present
risks to human beings, property, or the environment

Main consequences of accidents during transport

Dangerous Goods: fire, release of toxic cloud,
explosion, soil and water pollution

Risk prevention: driver training, signage

vehicles / containers, technical construction specifications,
traceability of transported materials, regular vehicle checks,
packaging methods for parcels, ...
Waste management
The life cycle during production
Waste: "Any residue from production, processing, and use,
any substance, any material or product, or more generally any good
furniture that its owner abandons or intends to abandon

Ultimate waste: "Waste resulting from or not from the treatment of waste and
which is no longer able to be processed under the technical conditions and
economic conditions of the moment, particularly through the extraction of the marketable portion
or by reducing its polluting and dangerous nature

Traceability: Regulation applicable in business (e.g.: France)

All waste is subject to a waste acceptance certificate.

annual in treatment center

Toxic waste must be monitored (via a slip)

waste tracking, BSD)

For certain classified installations for the protection of the environment (ICPE), the BSD must be generalized to all waste.
Waste sorting: companies are required to sort waste for
distinguish between inert industrial waste, industrial waste
banals (DIB) and special industrial waste (DIS)

•DIB: paper, cardboard, wood, metals, uncontaminated plastics, ...

•DIS (mandatory tri): lamps, paints, solvents, batteries and batteries,

oils, hazardous chemicals, ...

Waste treatment: Waste that will not be recycled or

re-employed individuals may undergo, depending on their nature, the following treatments:

Disposal

Incineration

Thermolysis (chemical decomposition of waste caused by heat)

to give less complex compounds)

Vitrification
 CONTENT OF THE ISO 14001 - 2015 STANDARD

STRUCTURE OF THE ISO 14001 STANDARD - 2015 -

•Article 1: Domaine d’application

Article 2: Normative References
•Article 3:Termes et définitions
Article 4: Context of the organization
Article 5: Responsibility of management
Article 6: Planning of the Environmental Management System
•Article 7: Support
Article 8: Implementation of operational activities
•Article 9: Évaluation des performances
•Article 10: Amélioration
COMMON STRUCTURE TO ISO STANDARDS
(HLS: High Level Structure)
Article 1 : Domaine d’application

This article specifies the scope of application of the standard: what it applies to.
applies and what it encompasses

The requirements and expected outcomes of a management system

environmental aspects are presented: performance improvement,
compliance with requirements, achievement of objectives

Article 2: Normative references

As is the case with the ISO 14001 - 2004 standard, no reference

normative is not associated with the ISO 14001 – 2015 standard

This article is included simply for the purpose of consistent alignment with
the common structure (HLS: High Level Structure) of the ISO standard
Article 3: Terms and definitions

This article lists the terms and definitions that apply.

to the standard

ISO 14001:2015 expands the list of terms and definitions.

derived from the ISO 14001 – 2004 standard, combining terms and definitions
from HLS with those more specific associated with systems of
environmental management
 Article 4: Context of the organization

4.1 Understanding the organization and its context

This clause expects the organization to consider a wide range

of potential factors that may have an impact on the system of
management in terms of structure, scope,
implementation and operation

The factors that have an impact can be of an internal or external nature:

Environmental conditions External conditions Characteristics or

related to climate, air quality, the cultural, social, internal conditions of
water quality, the use of the political, financial the organism, such as
land, the existing contamination, the technological its activities, products and
availability of resources economic, natural services, direction
natural and biodiversity and competitive, that strategic, culture and
that can influence the goals whether it is in terms of capabilities (people,
of the organism, either to be affected international, national knowledge
through the activities of the organization regional or local processes, systems
4.2 Understanding the needs and expectations of stakeholders

This clause requires the organization to define the needs and the
expectations of stakeholders, both internal and external:
employees, entrepreneurs, clients, suppliers, shareholders
regulators, neighbors, NGOs, parent companies, ...

The information from clauses 4.1 and 4.2 are key input data.
for the determination and evaluation of risks and opportunities
required in Article 6

Internal and external issues to consider by

the organization: economic and sectoral development (vision on evolution
markets), innovations and technological developments, evolutions
regulatory, political instability in certain supplier countries or
clients, improvement of staff efficiency and motivation
4.3 Determination of the scope of the management system
of the environment

The requirements related to the scope of application must take into account
considering the input data from clauses 4.1 and 4.2, therefore
that the products and services provided

The scope of application of the environmental management system

the organization must be available and kept up to date in the form of a
documented information
4.4 Environmental management system

This clause stipulates that the organization must establish, implement,

maintain and improve a management system in order to achieve the
expected results, particularly the improvement of performance
environmental

This clause focuses on asking organizations to better

comprendre l’éventail desprocessuspertinents au regard du domaine
application of the environmental management system

The organization must also examine thoroughly and effectively.

the interactions between the identified processes and their impact on the activity of
the organism
Article 5: Management Responsibility

5.1 Responsibility and commitment of management

This clause encompasses a range of essential activities including the

direction needs to take into consideration in order to demonstrate
his commitment and his responsibility regarding the
environmental management system

The standard brings the management system oversight to the highest level.
level of management and in fact an essential component of the organism and
of its main processes and operational activities

This clause constitutes a significant innovation brought to the structure

of management systems, it offers organizations an opportunity
to improve the role of the environmental management system and to
place at the center of the activity
5.2 Environmental Policy

The environmental policy is an important document that provides the line

director to take and formally establishes the objectives and commitments

Management must ensure that the policy is appropriate and compatible with
the strategic direction of the organization

The 2015 version of the ISO 14001 standard focuses on commitment to

environmental protection rather than just addressing the
pollution prevention⇒ broader vision of the environment and more
in accordance with current and future environmental challenges

Commitment to mitigation and adaptation to climate change, utilization

sustainable resources, protection of biodiversity and ecosystems

The policy must be communicated to all employees so that they

understand their roles in its deployment - the policy must be
documented and available externally
5.3 Roles, responsibilities and authorities within the organization

Management must ensure that responsibilities and authorities for

relevant roles are assigned, communicated, and understood within
of the organism

The specific role of the management representative has been removed in the new one.
version of the standard, this has positive repercussions for the system of
environmental management because a coherent appropriation is expected
and adapted from this system throughout the body
 Article 6: Planning

This article introduces the new concept of risks and opportunities

This innovative approach is based on the audit conducted around the areas.
of risk for the organization's activities and on a thorough audit aiming to
to determine whether the organization effectively manages these risks

6.1 Actions to be implemented in response to risks and opportunities

The organization must determine the risks and opportunities related to

environmental aspects, compliance obligations, and requirements
defined in clauses 4.1 and 4.2

The organization must examine potential emergency situations that

could occur and pose a risk
The organization must determine the range of environmental aspects/impacts.
important in the context of the defined application area

The organization must review all compliance obligations it has.

are applicable and to what extent these may present
threats or opportunities

The organization must examine appropriate actions to address

the important environmental aspects/impacts, the obligations of
compliance and the defined risks and opportunities

The ISO 14001 standard also introduces the concept of 'perspective of

life cycle" for its products, services, and activities
6.2 Environmental Objectives and Planning to Achieve Them

This clause requires the organization to set objectives and

environmental action plans, and ensures that they are clear,
measurable, controlled, communicated, updated, and that the resources
necessary items are available

As part of the planning process, management must set

environmental objectives guided by the results of the analysis of
risks, threats, and opportunities (clause 6.1) so that the organization
be compliant and able to demonstrate performance improvement and
an effective risk management

The objectives must be compatible with the environmental policy.

and must be measurable

- Des informations documentées relatives aux objectifs doivent être

kept and evidence will be needed regarding monitoring
of their realization
Article 7: Support

An effective environmental management system cannot be maintained

you improve without adequate resources

This article brings together all the areas related to people and place.
and to the procedural aspects of management systems

7.1 Resources

The organization must determine and provide the necessary resources to

the establishment, implementation, maintenance, and continuous improvement of
environmental management system; these resources cover everything
the aspects related to people and infrastructure

A requirement is borrowed from ISO 9001 and concerns "management of

knowledge": existence of an effective succession planning for
the staff, existence of processes for knowledge acquisition
individual and collective
7.2 Skills

- Competency criteria must be established for each role and

each role related to the environmental management system

These criteria can be used to assess existing skills.

and define future needs

When these criteria are not met, certain measures are taken.
necessary to fill this gap; a training or a
reassignment may be deemed essential

Documented information that is retained is necessary to be in

measure to demonstrate skills

Recruitment programs, training projects, tests

of skills and the evaluation of staff provide evidence
of competence and their evaluation
7.3 Awareness

- Staff must be made aware of the environmental policy, the aspects

significant and on the impacts on their activities, on how they contribute
to environmental objectives, to environmental performances, to
compliance obligations and the implications of non-compliance defects

7.4 Communication

Management must ensure that mechanisms are put in place to

facilitate effective communication

The ISO 14001 - 2015 standard emphasizes the importance of communications.

internal and external

The organization must ensure that environmental information

the statements are consistent with the information generated within
of the environmental management system, and are reliable
7.5 Documented information

The organization must update or maintain documented information.

in order to confer structure and clarity, but also the proof that the system of
management is maintained and effective

The 2015 version of the ISO 14001 standard introduces a logical expansion.
to encompass the use of electronic and web-based media in
the field of documented information
Article 8: Execution of operational activities

8.1 Planning and operational control

The overall objective of planning and operational control is to ensure

that processes are in place to meet the system requirements
environmental management and to implement actions
defined in clauses 6.1 and 6.2

The requirements regarding the life cycle perspective approach

are defined to cover the following key elements:

Environmental requirements for providing products and services

Establishment of controls to ensure that the requirements

environmental issues should be addressed in the design phase and
development

Communication of environmental requirements to suppliers

Provide key environmental information about the products and the

services within the framework of the life cycle (e.g., information on end of life)
The organization must define and assess the level of control and influence over the
different elements of the life cycle, based on the context of the organism and
of the examination of important environmental aspects, obligations of
compliance and the risks associated with threats and opportunities

The ISO 14001 – 2015 standard requires the organization to ensure that there are
documented information to provide assurance that the processes are in
placed and implemented effectively

The documented information covers the following elements:

Process diagrams

Procedures, specifications, registers, data, and other information

in any media
8.2 Preparation and response to emergencies

This clause requires the organization to establish, implement and

preserve the processes necessary for managing situations
potential emergencies defined in clause 6.1

The requirements of this clause are as follows:

Provide measures aimed at mitigating or preventing consequences

environmental issues related to emergency situations

Responding to emergency situations

Take measures to prevent or mitigate the consequences of a
emergency situation
Conduct periodic tests of all procedures, all plans
actions and response systems to an emergency situation
•Review and periodically update procedures and plans on the
basis of experience
Provide relevant information and training to
relevant interested parties
Article 9: Performance Evaluation

9.1 Monitoring, measurement, analysis and evaluation

This clause contains two key areas:

Control, measurement, analysis, and evaluation of performance

environmental and system efficiency

Evaluation of compliance with all legal and other obligations

The scope of the required control and measurement must be defined for the
processes and activities related to aspects / impacts
significant environmental aspects, environmental objectives, to
key areas of control and operational processes, and
also for the assessment of compliance obligations
To monitor and measure the previously defined elements, the organization
must define criteria and requirements, including:

Methods of control, measurement, analysis, and evaluation

•Performance indicators and an evaluation measurement of

performances

When, where, how and by whom the control, measurement, evaluation

and the analysis is conducted

Specification, management, and maintenance of control equipment

and data processing processes

The result of these activities provides input data for a range

other elements of the environmental management system,
notably the management review, and the definition of communications
internal and external requirements regarding the management system
the environment and its performance
The organization must also demonstrate how it assesses compliance.
with other requirements

Most organizations meet the conditions of this document.

clause through their internal audits, but other compliance audits can
to be considered

The organization must define its processes for conformity assessment.

with legal and other requirements, and must retain the information
documented related to these activities; the process must cover:

The frequency of assessment

The evaluation approach

The preservation of knowledge regarding compliance status

9.2 Internal audit

Internal audits are a key element of the ISO 14001 standard.

and help assess the effectiveness of the management system
of the environment

An audit program must be established to ensure that all processes

be audited at the required frequency focusing on those that are
the most important for the body

To ensure that audits are compliant and complete, a goal and a

clear application areas must be defined for each audit, this
will facilitate the auditor's choice to ensure objectivity and impartiality

To achieve the best results, listeners must have a

professional knowledge of what it is to audit

Management must act following the results of the audit: actions

correctives on the identified non-conformities, examination of the causes
non-conformities in order to mitigate or eliminate the risk,
verification of the effectiveness of the actions taken
9.3 Management review

The management review aims to ensure relevance.

the adequacy and effectiveness of the environmental management system

The management review must be organized at sufficient intervals,

providing adequate information and involving people
competent

Management must use the management review as an opportunity

allowing to define the improvements that can be made and/or
all required modifications, including the necessary resources
The input data for the management review must include
information about:

The status of the measures resulting from previous management reviews

Modifications of internal and external contributions, aspects / impacts

significant and compliance obligations

Achievements and progress made regarding objectives

environmental

Information on environmental performance

Communications from external stakeholders

Opportunities for continuous improvement

Suitability of resources for the management system

the environment
The result of the management review must include all decisions and
relative measures:

to the conclusions on the relevance, adequacy and effectiveness of the system

environment management

to opportunities for continuous improvement

to the modifications of the environmental management system,

including the resources

regarding the measures related to unmet objectives

The documentary information related to the management review must

to be preserved
Article 10: Improvement

10.1 General Provisions

This clause states that the organization will define the opportunities.
improvement and will implement measures to achieve
the sought results

10.2 Non-conformities and corrective actions

The main objective of the corrective action process is to eliminate

the causes of real problems in order to prevent their reappearance
(for example a case of pollution)

The corrective action process uses the principles of analysis

main causes of non-conformities

The measures taken must be appropriate and proportionate to

the impact of non-compliance - verification of the effectiveness of these measures
10.3 Improvement
continue
This clause effectively summarizes the main objective of a system of
environmental management: continuously improve relevance,
the adequacy and effectiveness of the environmental management system
to improve environmental performance

It is not mandatory for improvement to occur in all

domaines de l’organisme à la fois ; la priorité devrait être donnée aux
relevant risks and opportunities

Improvement can be incremental (small evolutions) or disruptive.

(introduction of a new technology)