Solution

DPP
Class 11 - Chemistry
Section A
1.
(b) law of conservation of energy.
Explanation:
It is a restatement of the law of conservation of energy.
It states that Thermodynamics is the branch of physical science that deals with the relations between
heat and other forms of energy (such as mechanical, electrical, or chemical energy) and by extension,
of the relationships between all forms of energy.

2. (a) All of these

Explanation:
The bond enthalpy depends on many factors sizes of atoms involved in the bond, differences in their
electronegativity, bond length, electron affinities, etc.
3.
(c) ∑ ai Hproducts − ∑ bi Hreactants
i i

Explanation:
The enthalpy of reaction (Δr H ) = (Sum of enthalpies of products)- (sum of enthalpies of reactants) =
∑ ai H(product) − ∑ bi H(reactant)

4.
(d) -239 kJ mol-1
Explanation:
Required reaction for the formation of methanol is:
C(s) + 2H2(g) + (g) → CH3OH(l) Δf Ho = ?
1
O2
2

Enthalpy for the combustion of methanol;

a. CH3OH (l) + 3

2
O2 (g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O (l) Δf Ho = - 726 kJ mol-1 ...(1)
Enthalpy for the formation of 1 mole of CO2(g)

b. C(s) + O2 (g) → CO2(g) Δf Ho = - 393 kJ mol-1 ...(2)

Enthalpy for the formation of 2 moles of H2O(l)
c. H2(g) + (g) → H2O(l) Δf Ho = - 286 kJ mol-1 ...(3)
1
O2
2

Now, [eq...(3) × 2 + eq ...(2) + [ by reversing equation(1)] we get]

C(s) + 2H2(g) + 1

2
O2 (g) → CH3OH (l) Δf Ho = - 239 kJ mol-1

5.
(d) -46.2 kJ mol-1
Explanation:
Given, N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2NH3(g) ; Δr H° = –92.4 kJ mol-1.
Chemical reaction for the enthalpy of formation of NH3 (g) is as follows:
1 3
N2 (g) + H2 (g) → N H3 (g)
2 2

Therefore, Δf H ∘ - 46.2 kJ/mol

−92.4
= =
2

6.
(b) enthalpy of atomisation

1/4
 Explanation:
H2(g) → 2H(g); Δa H o = 435 kJ mol-1
H-atoms are formed by breaking H - H bond in dihydrogen. The enthalpy change in this process is
known as enthalpy of atomisation, Δa H o.

7.
(b) ΔStotal < 0 (spontaneous process)
Explanation:
For spontaneous process, ΔStotal > 0
T ΔSsystem - ΔHsystem > 0 - (ΔHsystem - T ΔSsystem) > 0

8. (a) −10.3 kJ
Explanation:
The given reaction is, 2P (s) + 3Br2 (l) → 2P B r3 (g); ΔH = −243kJ

moles of P (s) =
2.63

31
= 0.084 moles.
Heat liberated, when 2 mol of P(s) reacted = -243 kJ
Heat liberated, when 0.084 mol of P(s) reacted = 2
243
× 0.084 = −10.206kJ

9.
(b) q = 0
Explanation:
An adiabatic process would not allow the exchange of heat between the system and surroundings,
hence q = 0.

10.
(c) results in a decrease in the enthalpy of the system.
Explanation:
Exothermic process results in a decrease in enthalpy of the system hence for exothermic reaction ΔH
= -ve.

11. (a) zero

Explanation:
By convention, the standard enthalpies of formation of all elements in their most stable states
(reference states) are zero.
12.
(d) -22 kcal mol-1
Explanation:
-22 kcal mol-1

13.
(d) -741.5 kJ
Explanation:
Here, Δng = 2 - ( 3 ) = 1

2 2

Δ H° = ΔU° + ΔngRT

Δ H° = - 742.7 kJ/mol + (0.5 mol × 8.314 × 10-3kJ/mol × 298K)

⇒ Δ H° = ( - 742.7 kJ + 1238.786 × 10-3kJ) mol-1
⇒ Δ H° = - 741.46 kJ mol-1

2/4
14.
0

(c) Δr G = -RTln K
Explanation:
0

Δ
r
G = -RTln K
0

where Δr G is standard Gibbs energy change, K is the equilibrium constant, R is the universal gas
constant and T is the temperature in kelvin scale.

15.
(d) Work
Explanation:
Work is not a state function because it is proportional to the distance an object is moved, which
depends on the path used to go from the initial to the final state.

Section B
16. Heat absorbed by the system, q = 701 J
Work done by the system = -304 J
Change in internal energy ΔU = q + w = 701 - 394 = 307 J
17. According to the question, Δr H o = −572 kJmol−1
Reaction:
2H2 (g) + O2 (g) ⟶ 2H2 O(l)

Enthalpy of formation is the enthalpy change of the reaction when 1 mole of the compound is formed
from its elements.
−1

Hence, standard enthalpy of formation of H2O(l) = Δf H ∘ ( H2 O) .

−572 kJmol −1
= = −286 kJ mol
2

Section C
18. Standard enthalpy of hydrogenation of cyclohexene (-119kJ mol-1) means the enthalpy of hydrogenation
of one C=C double bond. Now benzene has three C=C double bonds, the enthalpy of the reaction would
be = 3 × (-119) = -357 kJ mol-1

Actual enthalpy of the reaction can be evaluated as follows.

ΔH(Reaction) = ΔH (Product) - ΔH (Reactants)
∘ ∘
f f

= -156 - (49 + 0) = -205 kJ mol-1

∴ Resonance energy = ΔHExp - ΔHcal

= -357 - (-205) = -152 kJ mol-1

19. i. q + w = Δu
As Δu is a state function hence q + w is a stable function.
ii. A real crystal has some disorder due to the presence of defects in their structural arrangements
whereas ideal crystal does not have any disorder. Hence a real crystal has more entropy than ideal
crystal.
Section D
20. Suppose q is the quantity of heat from the reaction mixture and CV is the heat capacity of the
calorimeter, then the quantity of heat absorbed by the calorimeter.
q = CV × ΔT
Quantity of heat from the reaction will have the same magnitude but opposite sign because the heat
lost by the system (reaction mixture) is equal to the heat gained by the calorimeter.
q = −CV × ΔT = -20.7 kJ / K × (299-298) K

= - 20.7 kJ
(Here, the negative sign indicates the exothermic nature of the reaction)

3/4
Thus, ∆U for the combustion of the 1g of graphite = – 20.7 kJK–1
For combustion of 1 mol of graphite,
−1
12.0gmol ×(−20.7kJ)
=
1g

= −2.48 × 10 , Since Δng = 0

2 −1
kJ mol

ΔH = ΔU = - 2.48 × 102 kJ mol–1

4/4