Give me a detailed practical record on the object -
To Study about use and care of compound
microscope with proper references, appratus
required, theory, all its parts, procedure,
observation, and a proper result. in accordance
with [Link] course
Here is a detailed practical record for the study, use, and care of a compound microscope
according to [Link] practical/lab manual standards.
Title
Study of Use and Care of Compound Microscope [1] [2] [3]
Apparatus Required
Compound microscope
Clean prepared glass slide/specimen
Lens cleaning tissue or silk cloth
Cover slip (if needed)
Immersion oil (for oil-immersion objectives, optional) [1] [4] [5]
Theory
A compound microscope is an essential optical instrument in biological laboratories, designed to
magnify and resolve fine details of transilluminated specimens invisible to the naked eye. It
utilizes a system of two main lens groups:
Objective lenses (close to the specimen)
Eyepiece lenses (ocular, near the observer’s eye)
The microscope's working principle is based on enhancing magnification and resolving power
using these lenses, enabling clear visualization of bacteria, plant or animal cells, and tissue
details. The total magnification equals the product of the magnification values of the objective
and eyepiece lenses. The compound microscope is a vital tool for biological, pathological, and
pharmacognosy analyses. [1] [6] [7] [8] [9]
Parts of Compound Microscope
Part Description
Base Heavy, supports microscope
Arm Curved support; used to carry microscope
Stage Flat surface with clips to hold slide
Body tube Connects eyepiece and objectives
Revolving nosepiece Holds and allows switching among objective lenses
Objective lenses Provide primary magnification (10X, 40X, 100X)
Eyepiece (ocular) Final magnification, typically 10X or 15X
Coarse adjustment Brings specimen into general focus
Fine adjustment Sharpens the focus
Condenser Focuses light onto the specimen
Diaphragm Regulates light intensity
Mirror/Illuminator Directs light through condenser to specimen [4] [10] [11] [12]
Procedure
1. Place the compound microscope on a flat, stable surface in an upright position.
2. Ensure the lenses are clean; use silk cloth for cleaning if necessary.
3. Plug in or ensure adequate lighting. Adjust mirror or illuminator as required.
4. Place the prepared glass slide onto the stage and secure it with the stage clips.
5. Rotate the revolving nosepiece to bring the low-power objective lens in line with the body
tube.
6. Adjust the diaphragm to allow optimal light.
7. Through the eyepiece, use the coarse adjustment knob to bring the stage upwards, close to
the lens, being careful not to touch the lens to the slide.
8. Slowly lower the stage until the specimen comes into view; then use the fine adjustment
knob for sharp focus.
9. To observe in higher magnification, switch to the required (high-power or oil-immersion)
objective and focus carefully using fine adjustment.
10. Observe and study the details of the specimen.
11. Once done, remove the slide and turn off the light source. Clean lenses again if needed. [1] [2]
[13] [12] [14]
Observations
Under low power (10X objective), larger structures and overview of the sample are visible.
Under high power (40X or 100X objective), finer cellular details and structures can be seen.
Image appears inverted and may be oriented left-right or top-bottom reversed.
Field of view decreases as magnification increases. [4] [7] [5]
Result
The use and care of the compound microscope were successfully demonstrated. The device
allowed observation of fine biological structures not visible to the naked eye. Proper handling,
focusing, cleaning, and maintenance were followed per standard laboratory protocol. [1] [4] [7]
Precautions & Care
Always carry the microscope with both hands (holding the arm and base).
Avoid touching optical lenses with fingertips; use suitable cleaning tissues only.
Never tilt the microscope while viewing or when the slide is on the stage.
Store the microscope covered and upright after use.
Start focusing with the lowest power objective lens. [1] [15] [14]
References
1. Human Anatomy and Physiology Practical Manual [1]
2. Remedial Biology Lab Manual [2]
3. Practical Record/Lab Manual [Link] [3]
4. BYJU’S, Compound Microscope Parts [15]
5. Study of Compound Microscope, CUTM [4]
6. Microbe Notes – Compound Microscope Info [7]
This format and content level meets standard [Link] reporting requirements—covering
apparatus, theory, working and care, with procedural, observational, and result details all
referenced.
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1. [Link] Anatomy and
Physiology A Practical [Link]
2. [Link] [Link]
3. [Link]
4. [Link]
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6. [Link]
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14. [Link]
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15. [Link]
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