Python Tutorial

Today, Python is one of the most popular programming languages. Although it is

a general-purpose language, it is used in various areas of applications such as
Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, web development, IoT, and more.
This Python tutorial has been written for the beginners to help them understand
the basic to advanced concepts of Python Programming Language. After
completing this tutorial, you will find yourself at a great level of expertise in
Python, from where you can take yourself to the next levels to become a world
class Software Engineer.
This Python tutorial is based on the latest Python 3.13 version.
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What is Python?
Python is a very popular general-purpose interpreted, interactive, object-
oriented, and high-level programming language. Python is dynamically-typed and
garbage-collected programming language. It was created by Guido van Rossum
during 1985- 1990. Like Perl, Python source code is also available under the GNU
General Public License (GPL).
Python supports multiple programming paradigms, including Procedural, Object
Oriented and Functional programming language. Python design philosophy
emphasizes code readability with the use of significant indentation.
This Python tutorial gives a complete understanding of Python programming
language, starting from basic concepts to advanced concepts. This tutorial will
take you through simple and practical approaches while learning Python
Programming language.
Python "Hello, World!"
To start with Python programming, the very basic program is to print "Hello,
World!" You can use the print() function. Below is an example of Python code to
print "Hello, World!" −
# Python code to print "Hello, World!"
print ("Hello, World!")
Python Online Compiler
Our Python programming tutorial provides various examples to explain different
concepts. We have provided Online Python Compiler/Interpreter. You can Edit and
Execute almost all the examples directly from your browser without the need to
set up your development environment.

Try to click the icon to run the following Python code to print conventional
"Hello, World!".
Below code box allows you to change the value of the code. Try to change the
value inside print() and run it again to verify the result.
# This is my first Python program.
# This will print 'Hello, World!' as the output

print ("Hello, World!");

Characteristics of Python
Following are important characteristics of Python Programming −
 It supports functional and structured programming methods as well
as OOP.
 It can be used as a scripting language or can be compiled to byte-code for
building large applications.
 It provides very high-level dynamic data types and supports dynamic type
checking.
 It supports automatic garbage collection.
 It can be easily integrated with C, C++, COM, ActiveX, CORBA, and Java.
Applications of Python
Python is a general purpose programming language known for its readability. It is
widely applied in various fields.
 In Data Science, Python libraries like Numpy, Pandas,
and Matplotlib are used for data analysis and visualization.
 Python frameworks like Django, and Pyramid, make the development
and deployment of Web Applications easy.
 This programming language also extends its applications to computer
vision and image processing.
 It is also favored in many tasks like Automation, Job Scheduling, GUI
development, etc.
Features of Python
The latest release of Python is 3.x. As mentioned before, Python is one of the
most widely used languages on the web. I'm going to list a few of them here:
 Easy-to-learn − Python has few keywords, simple structure, and a clearly
defined syntax. This allows the student to pick up the language quickly.
 Easy-to-read − Python code is more clearly defined and visible to the
eyes.
 Easy-to-maintain − Python's source code is fairly easy-to-maintain.
 A broad standard library − Python's bulk of the library is very portable
and cross-platform compatible on UNIX, Windows, and Macintosh.
 Interactive Mode − Python has support for an interactive mode that
allows interactive testing and debugging of snippets of code.
  Portable − Python can run on a wide variety of hardware platforms and
has the same interface on all platforms.
 Extendable − You can add low-level modules to the Python interpreter.
These modules enable programmers to add to or customize their tools to
be more efficient.
 Databases − Python provides interfaces to all major commercial
databases.
 GUI Programming − Python supports GUI applications that can be
created and ported to many system calls, libraries, and Windows systems,
such as Windows MFC, Macintosh, and the X Window system of Unix.
 Scalable − Python provides a better structure and support for large
programs than shell scripting.
Python Database Handling
The following tutorials will help you learn how to work with different databases
using Python programming:
 Python MongoDB Tutorial
 Python MySQL Tutorial
 Python PostgreSQL Tutorial
 Python SQLite Tutorial
Python Reference
The complete function and method references −
 Python Complete Reference
 Python Built-in Functions Reference
 Python Modules Reference
 Python Keywords Reference
 Python Cheatsheet
Python Practice
Practice Python from the below-given links:
 Python Quick Guide
 Python Online Quiz
 Python Interview Questions & Answers
Python Exercises
You can practice various Python topics with the help of examples provided:
 String Exercises
 List Exercises
  Tuple Exercises
 Set Exercises
 Dictionary Exercises
 Array Exercises
Python Jobs
Today, Python is very high in demand, and all the major companies are looking
for great Python programmers to develop websites, software components, and
applications or to work with data science, AI, and ML technologies. When we are
developing this tutorial in 2022, there is a high shortage of Python programmers,
where the market demands a greater number of Python programmers due to its
applications in machine learning, artificial intelligence, etc.
Today, a Python programmer with 3-5 years of experience is asking for around
$150,000 in an in an annual package, and this is the most demanding
programming language in America. Though it can vary depending on the location
of the job. It's impossible to list all of the companies using Python, to name a few
big companies are:
 Google
 Intel
 NASA
 PayPal
 Facebook
 IBM
 Amazon
 Netflix
 Pinterest
 Uber
 Many more...
So, you could be the next potential employee for any of these major companies.
We have developed great learning material for you to learn Python programming,
which will help you prepare for the technical interviews and certification exams
based on Python. So, start learning Python using this simple and effective tutorial
from anywhere and anytime, absolutely at your pace.
Why to Learn Python?
Python is consistently rated as one of the world's most popular programming
languages. Python is fairly easy to learn, so if you are starting to learn any
programming language, then Python could be your great choice. Today, various
schools, colleges, and universities are teaching Python as their primary
programming language. There are many other good reasons that make Python
the top choice of any programmer:
  Python is open source, which means it's available free of cost.
 Python is simple and so easy to learn.
 Python is versatile and can be used to create many different things.
 Python has powerful development libraries, including AI, ML, etc.
 Python is much in demand and ensures a high salary.
Python is a MUST for students and working professionals to become great
software engineers, especially when they are working in the web development
domain. I will list down some of the key advantages of learning Python:
 Python is Interpreted − Python is processed at runtime by the
interpreter. You do not need to compile your program before executing it.
This is similar to PERL and PHP.
 Python is Interactive − You can actually sit at a Python prompt and
interact with the interpreter directly to write your programs.
 Python is Object-Oriented − Python supports Object-Oriented style or
technique of programming that encapsulates code within objects.
 Python is a Beginner's Language − Python is a great language for the
beginner-level programmers and supports the development of a wide
range of applications from simple text processing to WWW browsers to
games.
Careers with Python
If you know Python nicely, then you have a great career ahead. Here are just a
few of the career options where Python is a key skill:
 Game developer
 Web designer
 Python developer
 Full-stack developer
 Machine learning engineer
 Data scientist
 Data analyst
 Data engineer
 DevOps engineer
 Software engineer
 Many more other roles
Download Python
You can download Python from its official
website: [Link]
Python Updates & New Features
The current stable version of Python is 3.13, which was released on October 7,
2024. Python 3.14 is still in the development phase with many new features and
changes:
 PEP 649: Deferred evaluation of annotations.
 PEP 741: Python configuration C API.
 PEP 761: Sigstore replaces PGP signatures for verification.
 Improved error messages.
Target Audience: Who Can Learn Python?
This tutorial has been prepared for the beginners to help them understand the
basics to advanced concepts of Python programming language. After completing
this tutorial, you will find yourself at a great level of expertise in Python
programming, from where you can take yourself to the next levels.
Prerequisites to Learn Python
Although it is a beginners tutorial, we assume that the readers have a reasonable
exposure to any programming environment and knowledge of basic concepts
such as variables, commands, syntax, etc.
Python Questions & Answers
You can explore a set of Python Questions and Answers at Python Questions &
Answers
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