UNIT 1: LOCAL COMMUNITY: PHRASAL VERB & VOCABULARY

& READING COMPREHENSION

apply for (a job): nộp đơn (xin việc)

break down: bị hư hỏng

break in/into: đột nhập vào

break up with someone: chia tay ai, cắt đứt quan hệ tình cảm với ai đó

bring sth up: đề cập chuyện gì đó

bring someone up: nuôi nấng (con cái)

bring out: xuất bản, phát hành

brush up on sth: ôn lại

call for sth: cần cái gì đó

call for someone: kêu người nào đó, gọi cho ai đó, yêu cầu gặp ai

call off: hủy

carry out: thực hiện, tiến hành (kế hoạch, dự án)

catch up with: theo kịp, đuổi kịp, bắt kịp ai đó, cái gì

check in: làm thủ tục nhận phòng khách sạn/ thủ tục soát vé ở sân bay

check out: làm thủ tục trả phòng ở khách sạn

cheer sb up: động viên, làm cho ai vui lên

clean sth up: lau chùi

close down: ngừng hoạt động, đóng cửa tiệm (kinh doanh, buôn bán)

come across as: có vẻ (chủ ngữ là người)

come across sb/sth: tình cờ gặp, thấy ai/cái gì = run into, bump into

come off: tróc ra, sút ra

come up against sth: đối mặt với cái gì

come up with: nghĩ ra

cook up/ make up a story: bịa ra một câu chuyện

cool down: làm mát đi, bớt nóng, bình tĩnh lại (chủ ngữ có thể là người hoặc vật)

count on someone: phụ thuộc, tin cậy người nào đó

cut down on sth: cắt giảm cái gi đó

cut off: cắt, ngắt lìa (điện, kết nối…)

deal with: giải quyết

do away with sth = get rid of sth: bỏ cái gì đó đi, không sử dụng nữa

do without sth: chấp nhận không có cái gì, làm gì mà không cần

dress up: ăn mặc đẹp

drop by: ghé qua

drop someone off: cho ai, thả ai xuống xe

end up: có kết cục, rốt cuộc = wind up

fall out: cãi nhau

face up to: chấp nhận, đối mặt, giải quyết

figure out: suy ra, tìm ra

find out: tìm ra, phát hiện

get along/ get along with somebody: hợp nhau/ hợp với ai

get in: đi vào (xe ô tô, taxi)

get off: xuống xe

get on: đi lên (xe buýt, tàu, xe máy,…)

get on: tiến bộ = to make progress

get on with sb: hòa hợp, hòa thuận với ai

get out: đi ra ngoài

get over sth: vượt qua, khỏi (bệnh), chấp nhận

get rid of sth: từ bỏ cái gì

get up: thức dậy (ra khỏi giường rồi)

give up (on) sth: từ bỏ

go around: đi xung quanh

go down: giảm, đi xuống

go off: reo, đổ chuông, nổ (bom), ôi thiu (thức ăn, sữa,,.)

go on: tiếp tục = carry on, keep on

go out: đi ra ngoài, đi chơi

go over: kiểm tra = examine

go up: tăng, đi lên

grow up: lớn lên, trưởng thành

help someone out: giúp đỡ ai

hold on: đợi tí = hang on

keep on doing sth: không để ai ngủ, tiếp tục làm gì

keep up sth: hãy tiếp tục phát huy

let somebody down: làm cho ai thất vọng

look after someone: chăm sóc ai đó

look around: nhìn xung quanh

look at sth/sb: nhìn vào

look down on sb: khinh thường ai đó

look for someone/sth: tìm kiếm ai/ cái gì

look toward to sth/ look forward to doing sth: mong mỏi, trông mong điều gì, làm gì

look into sth: nghiên cứu, xem xét, điều tra cái gì

look sth up: tra cứu, tra nghĩa từ nào đó

look up to sb: tôn trọng ai đó

live on: sống nhờ, phụ thuộc vào (khoản thu nhập, hỗ trợ)
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one, using the word given in
brackets in the correct form.

1. People in the community often have a friendly relationship with one another so that they can follow
the same craft. (get)

 People in the community often _______________________________________________________

2. After the trip, you return to the harbor to take a boat trip to Hoi An. (come)

 After the trip, you ________________________________________________________________

3. We arrived late, and didn’t have much time to walk around the place to see what is there before
dinner. (look)

 We arrived late, and didn’t have much time

______________________________________________

4. This necklace was given to my mother by my grandmother. (hand)

 This necklace was __________________________________________________________________

5. The holiday was a complete surprise - I only got information about it the day before we left. (find)

 The holiday was a complete surprise - I only _____________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

Choose the correct prepositions to complete the sentences.

1. This local restaurant had such delicious speciality food that we can’t wait to come ______________
next time for another meal.

A. back B. to C. in D. onto
2. He asked the local organization to find ______________ how to help make the community cleaner
and greener.

A. on B. out C. with D. up

3. We organized an event to take care ______________ the local park and keep it clean.

A. with B. for C. to D. of

4. The laughter of children playing reminds me ______________ happy summer days.

A. for B. to C. of D. with

5. In many small towns, people hand ______________ traditions from one generation to the next to
preserve the local culture.

A. through B. down C. for D. back

6. He shares similar interests with his neighbors, so he really gets ______________ them.

A. down to B. on for C. down of D. on with

7. The local government encourages us to cut down ______________ single-use plastic and use
reusable bags instead.

A. on B. to C. about D. of

8. The tradition of handcrafted pottery has been passed ______________ through many generations in
my family.

A. for B. onto C. down D. back

Choose the underlined part A, B, C or D that needs correcting.

1. My father is a police office, and he always works hard to keep the community safe.

A. office B. hard C. keep D. safe

2. The local amusement park is a favourite tourist attract for families thanks to its entertaining shows.
A. amusement B. is C. attract D. to

3. There is a community center in our neighbour that offers different classes and activities for all ages.

A. There B. in C. neighbor D. diffirent

4. The museum showcased a variety of origin artefacts from ancient civilizations.

A. showcased B. variety C. origin D. from

5. The garbage collector shares interesting information about his work and the important of sorting
rubbish.

A. collector B. about C. work D. important

6. The deliver person called to keep me informed about the status of my delivery.

A. deliver B. keep C. of D. delivery

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the phrase verbs in the box.

run out of look around cut down on get on with pass down

find out set up come back go out take care of

1. They planned to ________________ and celebrate their anniversary at a fancy restaurant.

2. The children walked into the park and ________________, trying to find a suitable spot to have a
picnic.

3. The doctor advised me to ________________ my caffeine intake to reduce my anxiety.

4. He ________________ the household chores while his wife was away on a business trip.

5. The memories of that trip always ________________ to me when I see these old photographs.

6. We ________________ gas on our road trip, so we had to stop at a nearby gas station.

7. The scientist did several experiments to ________________ the effects of the new drug.
8. It is important to ________________ family traditions from one generation to the next.

9. Last month, our team ________________ a charity event to support local businesses.

10. Despite their initial differences, the two roommates eventually ________________ each other and
became good friends.

Circle the correct words or phrases to complete the sentences.

1. By eliminating unnecessary steps, we can (shorten / preserve) the process and save valuable time.

2. A candle not only provides light but also creates a pleasant (fragrance / function) when it is burnt.

3. (Famous / Common) local festivals in the city attract millions of visitors from all around the world
every year.

4. Our new (neighbors / artisans) just moved in last week, and we invited them over for a welcome
dinner.

5. One (tradition / origin) in our community is to bow when greeting someone as a sign of respect.

6. The brave (firefighters / electricians) rushed into the burning building to rescue trapped residents.

7. She made a beautiful vase out of clay in her (pottery / weaving) class.

8. The artisans have impressive (skills / objects) in making those beautiful handicrafts.

9. The local market is famous for its (speciality / facility) products, including handicrafts and tropical
fruits.

10. uring the peak season, this (tourist / tourism) attraction always gets crowded with visitors from all
around the world.

Complete the conversation with the correct words in the box.

artisans positive improve traditional project

recycling volunteer pass plan attract

Linda: Hey, have you heard about the new community (1) _______________ our town is starting?

Mary: No, what’s it about?

Linda: It’s called “Green Our Community” and it aims to (2) _______________ our local environment.

Mary: That sounds like a great idea! How are they planning on doing that?

Linda: They’ re organising clean-up events and promoting (3) _______________ programs. Moreover,
they (4) _______________ to preserve our parks and green spaces.

Mary: That’s amazing! We re so lucky to have such a project in our small town.

Linda: True! And they’re also trying to (5) _______________ more tourists by promoting our
community’s speciality – handcrafted items made by local (6) _______________.

Mary: Right, I remember my grandmother used to make those (7) _______________ handicrafts. I
hope this will help keep the tradition alive and even (8) _______________ it down to future
generations.

Linda: That’s amazing! I’m going to (9) _______________ for these events.

Mary: Absolutely! Let’s spread the word and get others involved too. Together we can make a (10)
_______________ impact on our surroundings.

1. project 2. Improve 3. Artisans 4. Recycling 5. Traditional 6. Plan 7. Attract 8. Pass 9 .

volunteer 10. positive

Read the passage and choose the correct option to fill ill each blank.

A local garbage collector is an important community (1) _______________. They work to clean up our
neighborhoods and pick up waste that could harm our (2) _______________. You can often see garbage
collectors drive large trucks and stop at each house or building to pick up the trash. They use special
equipment to lift and empty the garbage cans into the truck.

After (3) _______________ waste from homes and businesses, they take it to a landfill or recycling
center, where the garbage is properly treated. At the landfill, the garbage is buried in the (4)
_______________ so that it doesn’t smell or attract pests. At the recycling center, the garbage is
processed so that it can be reused to make new (5) _______________. This helps (6) _______________
the amount of waste that goes into landfills and helps preserve natural resources.
Without a doubt, being a garbage collector can be (7) _______________ demanding work. They have to
lift heavy garbage cans and work outside in all kinds of weather. Their work plays a crucial role in
(8)the natural beauty of the community.

1. A. neighbor B. helper C. tourist D. adult

2. A. environment B. relationship C. production D. facility

3. A. collecting B. collected C. to collect D. collect

4. A. ground B. floor C. ocean D. sea

5. A. decisions B. creations C. products D. ideas

6. A. raise B. remain C. increase [Link]

7. A. physics B. physically C. physic D. physical

8. A. preventing B. creating C. destroying D. preserving

Read the text carefully, then do the tasks.

Kobe: There are many famous speciality dishes in Japan, but one of the most outstanding dishes is
Kobe beef. It comes from a local breed of cattle called Tajima

and it’s named after the city of Kobe in Hyogo Prefecture. Kobe beef is expensive because the cows are
given beer to drink, and they are massaged with sake (rice wine) every day. These special conditions
make sure that the meat is tender and contains a lot of fat which gives it a unique taste. Its unique flavor
makes the beef famous and iconic all around the world. The beef can be eaten as steak or in hot pots,
shabu-shabu, or sukiyaki.

Bizen: In Bizen City in Okayama Prefecture, Japan, there is a long tradition of pottery. People have
been making Bizen-yaki (Japanese pottery) here for over 1,000 years. The artisans make the pottery by
hand using clay from the area. There are six traditional shapes of Bizen-yaki: bowls, plates, cups, flower
vases, pots, and jars. The artisans of Bizen City have handed down their skills from generation to
generation, preserving the original way of making Bizen-yaki. In the old days, people used Bizen-yaki
pots to cook rice and vegetables. Today, Bizen-yaki is popular because it is beautiful and useful. People
now use it to drink tea and coffee, eat food and plant flowers.
Both Kobe beef and Bizen-yaki are crucial and beautiful parts of Japanese culture. While eating Kobe
beef is a special experience for visitors to Japan, offering a little taste of Japanese luxury, Bizen-yaki is
part of everyday life in Japan.

A. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).

No. Statements T or F

1. Kobe beef is healthy as it has very little fat.

2. Kobe beef is costly.

3. People massage the cows with beer every day.

4. You can only enjoy Kobe beef as steak, or in shabu-shabu.

5. People pass down traditional skills of making Bizen-yaki through generations.

6. Bizen-yaki is unique and very rare in Japan.

7. Bizen-yaki is mainly used for cooking vegetables and rice.

8. Kobe beef and Bizen-yaki play an important part in Japan’s culture.

B. Decide which place each detail below belongs to.

In which
Kobe Bizen Both places
place…?

1 the product is considered as a luxurious treat

2 the product is famous worldwide

3 people make the product with traditional techniques

4 there are 6 traditional forms of the product

 5 people use the product daily

6 the product reflects Japanese culture

7 the product is considered as a luxurious treat

Read the passage, and do the tasks that follow.

Cham Brocade Weaving Village

 _____________________________________________

The brocade weaving craft of Cham ethnic people in My Nghiep not only carries the traditional beauty
of brocade but also fills with the typical Cham cultural value with original designs and variable products
such as: sarong, shawl, hat, overcoat...

 _____________________________________________

Located at about 10km south of Phan Rang City, My Nghiep village belongs to Ninh Phuoc and it is the
only traditional brocade weaving of Cham people in Ninh Thuan. According to local people, Polnuga
King was a famous artisan who created this craft and taught villagers about the spinning and weaving
since the 11th century.

 _____________________________________________

Long time ago, My Nghiep villagers planted cotton for materials, used spate and Chum Bau trees and
thin mud for dyeing materials, and used simple looms to make quality products and artistic flower
designs on fabric. Their products have been sold to Cham people as well as other neighbouring
inhabitants.

 _____________________________________________

Through many ups and downs, the brocade weaving of the Cham people has been well developed.
Visiting My Nghiep village, you will have chance to see the skilful hands of weavers and artisans to
make sophisticated brocade products such as skirts, coats, scarves, tablecloths, bed covers, belts... with
different designs.

 _____________________________________________

You will be attracted by the original and natural designs and colours. Each brocade is almost unique
because of the creation and sudden inspiration of My Nghiep villagers. It is very easy to notice the ideas
and sentiments of Cham people in each brocade to create a typical Cham cultural message to pass
down from generation to generation.

 _____________________________________________

The harmony combination of tradition and modem helps brocade get a strong foothold in local and
international markets. In recent years, there are more and more tourists coming to My Nghiep village.
Especially, foreigners are very keen on the sarong which is a formal dress of ancient King and Queen
with sophisticated designs and made by soft fabric material.

(Source: Internet)

Task 1. Match the headings with the paragraphs.

A. The distinctive features of My Nghiep brocade

B. The way to make traditional products

C. Present status of the craft

D. Introduction to the village

E. Efforts to keep the traditional craft

F. Location and its origin

D
 F
 B
 E
 A
 C

Làng Dệt Thổ Cẩm Chăm – Mỹ Nghiệp

 Giới thiệu về làng
Nghề dệt thổ cẩm của người Chăm ở Mỹ Nghiệp không chỉ mang vẻ đẹp truyền thống mà còn đậm đà
giá trị văn hóa Chăm với những thiết kế độc đáo và sản phẩm đa dạng như: sarong (váy quấn), khăn
choàng, mũ, áo choàng...

 Vị trí và nguồn gốc

Cách thành phố Phan Rang khoảng 10km về phía nam, làng Mỹ Nghiệp thuộc huyện Ninh Phước và là
nơi duy nhất còn giữ nghề dệt thổ cẩm truyền thống của người Chăm ở Ninh Thuận. Theo người dân địa
phương, vua Polnuga là một nghệ nhân nổi tiếng đã sáng tạo và truyền dạy nghề dệt và quay sợi cho dân
làng từ thế kỷ 11.

 Cách làm sản phẩm truyền thống

Ngày xưa, người dân làng Mỹ Nghiệp tự trồng bông làm nguyên liệu, sử dụng cây spate, cây Chum Bầu
và bùn mịn làm chất nhuộm, và dùng khung dệt đơn giản để tạo ra sản phẩm chất lượng với các hoa văn
nghệ thuật trên vải. Các sản phẩm được bán cho người Chăm và các cư dân lân cận.

 Nỗ lực giữ gìn nghề truyền thống

Trải qua bao thăng trầm, nghề dệt thổ cẩm của người Chăm vẫn phát triển tốt. Đến thăm làng Mỹ
Nghiệp, bạn sẽ được tận mắt thấy bàn tay khéo léo của các nghệ nhân tạo ra những sản phẩm thổ cẩm
tinh xảo như váy, áo, khăn, khăn trải bàn, chăn, thắt lưng... với nhiều mẫu mã khác nhau.

 Những nét đặc sắc của thổ cẩm Mỹ Nghiệp

Bạn sẽ bị thu hút bởi thiết kế và màu sắc nguyên bản, tự nhiên. Mỗi sản phẩm thổ cẩm gần như là độc
nhất vì được tạo ra từ cảm hứng bất chợt của người dân làng Mỹ Nghiệp. Dễ dàng nhận thấy ý tưởng và
cảm xúc của người Chăm trong mỗi sản phẩm để truyền tải thông điệp văn hóa đến các thế hệ sau.

 Hiện trạng của nghề

Sự kết hợp hài hòa giữa truyền thống và hiện đại giúp thổ cẩm có chỗ đứng vững chắc trên thị trường
trong nước và quốc tế. Những năm gần đây, ngày càng có nhiều du khách đến thăm làng Mỹ Nghiệp.
Đặc biệt, du khách nước ngoài rất ưa chuộng sarong – trang phục truyền thống của vua và hoàng hậu
thời xưa, được thiết kế tinh xảo và làm từ chất liệu vải mềm mại.