Pharmaceutical Powders: Definition & Uses
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ScribdTranslationsPharmaceutical Powders: Definition & Uses
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ScribdTranslationsDEFINITION OF PHARMACEUTICAL POWDERS
The FEUM defines powders as solid pharmaceutical forms that contain
the active ingredients and additives finally ground and mixed for
guarantee its homogeneity.
They are of great importance as they are the simplest pharmaceutical form and basis of
others like: tablets, capsules, suspensions, etc.
CLASSIFICATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL POWDERS
• According to its composition
• SimplePowders: Those that have a single substance.
• Composite or mixed powders: those that have some active substances, according to criteria.
pharmaceuticals.
APPLICATIONS
Oral
Melatonin capsules
Parenteral
Sodium thiopental
Topical
Zinc Paste
Consideraciones de uso: para suspensión, para solución, efervescente, para inhalación.
USES OF PHARMACEUTICAL POWDERS
La importancia radica en sus múltiples usos y aplicaciones ya que se pueden ir como polvos
solos or they can also integrate other pharmaceutical forms such as capsules, tablets,
they can also integrate other liquid pharmaceutical forms, especially suspensions or
also emulsions or can also be part of a semisolid pharmaceutical form
such as dermatological and dental pastes.
ADVANTAGES
Greater stability compared to liquids
They allow the preparation of other pharmaceutical forms.
Flexibility of the route of administration
Fast manufacturing process
Fast absorption (large surface area)
Easy to transport and administer (packets)
Facilitates dose adjustment
DISADVANTAGES
• They can become contaminated and adsorb gases or moisture.
• Losses due to volatility
• Segregation may occur
• Unpleasant taste
• Not suitable for unconscious people orally
Granules
• Solidpresentation that contains the
or the drugs and additives in
dust conglomerates.
• Route of administration: Oral
• Type: Wet and dry
WET GRANULATION
Drug Mezclado Thinner
Wet binder
Wet screening
Drying
Lubricant Mixed Disintegrant
Dry screening
Compression
DRY GRANULATION
Drug Mixed Excipients
Preparation of
ingots
Addition of others Screening
ingredients
Mixed
Compression
UNIT OPERATIONS USED IN
PHARMACEUTICAL POWDERS
Drying
Sifting
Crushed
Mixed
DRYING
Separation of volatile substances (moisture) from a mixture that is present
in a solid product through the application of heat.
This unit operation is very important because it prevents deterioration.
of the product during storage, as well as reduce the volume of
some powders to reduce costs.
Fluidized bed dryer
Sifting
• Sifting is the method
generally used for
classify the powders and granules
through the size distribution
of particle. It is recommended for
particles larger than 75µm
approx.
Opening of the reference and classification meshes
of solids by particle size.
Source: Pharmacopoeia of the United Mexican States (2016)
DIVISION OF SOLIDS
CRUSHING: Coarse reduction of MILLING: Mechanical process in the
size, when starting from a that seeks the reduction of
material whose dimension particles of agglomerates.
characteristic exceeds 5cm. Used
to reduce the size of the
solid products to powders.
Hammer mill
MIXED
• Its purpose is to achieve a
random distribution of particles
within a system. Its objective
is to achieve a uniform mixture
of the components of
medication, in such a way that
any portion of that mixture of
materials have identical
composition that another portion and that
the total of the sample. Shell mixer.
Source: Remington: Pharmacy
Apparent Density
• The apparent density of a powder
it is the relationship of the mass of a
sample of unset powder and its
volume, including the contribution
of the volume of the empty space between
the particles.
Methods
• Measurement in graduated cylinder
• Volume measurement
• Measurement in a container
=
Dónde:
M=mass of the sample of powder
Volume of the vessel in mL
Volumeter
Compact Density
• Itis obtained after hitting.
mechanically a container of
graduated measurement that contains the
same sample of dust used
in the apparent density test.
Settling device
Methods
• Measurement in a graduated cylinder • Settlement device
• Measurement with a device of • A total of 10,500 and 1,250 blows are made and
settlement read the volumes
• Medición con un recipiente
corresponding.
Where:
m=mass of the powder sample
Final volume by
settlement
Compressibility of a powder
• The comparison between apparent density and settling density is used
as an index of the dust flow capacity, for example the index of
compressibility and Haunser index. These indices are measures that express the
propensity of a powder to compression. Therefore, it allows evaluating the
interactions between particles.
• Comprehensibility index:
•C = 100(V −0 )/ 0
• Haunser Index
H= 0
Understandability
Comprehensibility index and Haunser index.
Bibliografía
• Remington, pharmacy 20th edition. Buenos Aires, Pan American Medicine 2003.
pages 794-801.
• Pharmacopoeia of the United Mexican States MGA1031 Apparent density and
powdered compacted.
• Pharmacopoeia of the United Mexican States MGA0891 Determination of the
particle size distribution by analytical sieving.
• Jover A. García M. pharmacy assistant manual Module I: general concepts
2003, Mad editorial. Pages 75-76.
