Priestly garments

The common priest had four garments and the High Priest had eight.
ornaments.
The garments of the common priest were:
A long shirt
2 - Pants
3 - A belt
4 - A turban
The High Priest also wore these garments, except for the turban. While
the common cohen's turban pointed upwards, the High Priest's turban
The priest was round.

The adornments of the High Priest:

A long shirt
2 - Pants
3 - A belt
A hat different from the common cohen turban
In addition to the above items, the High Priest wore four garments of gold.
They were:
5 - A plate that covered the chest
6 - A mantle
7 - An apron
8 - A headband
The only part of the body of every Cohen that remained uncovered was the
feet.
The Torah orders that the cohen performs his service barefoot, since the floor
from the land of the Tabernacle and the stones of the floor of the Sacred Temple were holy
And God desired that the feet of the kohanim touch the ground.
More details about the priestly garments

COMMON PRIEST
The long shirt was made of white linen and reached up to the
soles of the feet.
The belt
The priest wore the belt over the shirt. The belt was very long -
about 19 meters - and it wrapped many times around Cohen's waist. It was
made of colored fabric.
The pants
The pants were short and made of white linen.
The turban
Around the head of the cohen there was a white linen band placed that
it made many turns until it formed a hat that ended in a point.

High Priest

The High Priest, like the common priest,

He wore a long shirt, a belt, and pants. Additional garments:
The turban
The high priest's turban was also made of a strip of white linen and
wrapped around the head, but it was flat on top.
The cloak
The cloak was made of blue wool. Golden bells hung from the bottom.
Every two bells had wool decorations that looked similar to pomegranates.
When the High Priest walked, the bells jingled. The bells rang.
to announce the arrival of the High Priest at the Tabernacle, and his departure
of this.
Why did the cloak have bells?
God had several reasons to order that bells be placed on the
around the mantle.
• The bells served as a reminder to the High Priest himself. When
I listened to the tinkling, understood how important its function was and gave the
best of yourself to fulfill
all parts of your work carefully, with thoughts
adequate.
• The bells also helped the people of Israel. When they heard the
they knew that the High Priest was performing the Divine service, and
they were participating in prayer at this moment.

We learn from the fact that the High Priest's entrance was announced,
that a person should not unexpectedly enter their own house. It infers-
yes, then, that logically one should not burst into the homes of others, but
yes, knock, ring the bell or indicate your arrival in some other way
way.
The band worn on the forehead
In the past, all Jews wore tefillin all day. In addition to wearing tefillin, the
The High Priest also wore the tzitz on his forehead. The tzitz was a band of
gold on which the words "Holy to God" were embossed,
The word God was written with four letters (Y-H-V-H). It was tied to the head.
through three sky-blue ribbons.
Since the garment had a high degree of holiness, the High Priest had
to behave with the due respect of carrying it. He was not allowed
divert attention from the fact that he was carrying the Divine Name in his
test.
The behavior of the High Priest while carrying the sash constitutes
an important lesson for us, as we put on tefillin. When using the strap, the
Cohen had to constantly focus on the Holy Name of God.
Someone who is wearing tefillin, in which the Divine Name appears numerous times.
sometimes, certainly cannot divert thoughts from this.
The band was so sacred that it made every Jew who looked at it feel
ashamed of his failures. So, when the High Priest used the
band, this was a merit for the Jewish people. God forgave their sins,
for the band helped them to improve.
The apron
The ephod (apron) was multicolored, magnificently woven, and had an appearance
similar to that of an apron. Instead of covering the front and being tied at the back, the
High Priest would take her from behind and tie her in front.
At the back, it was secured by two loops that passed through
from the top of the shoulders to the front. On each strap there was a precious stone
embedded, on which were inscribed the names of six tribes. The
the names of the other six tribes appeared on the other precious stone.
In the front, the two straps over the shoulders were attached to two buckles of
gold, from which the breastplate hung.
The plate on the chest
The plate on the chest was made of a beautifully woven material. It was
square, and it was folded in half, such that it formed a pocket.
In this pocket, there was a parchment, known as urim vetumim.
what was written the Ineffable Name of God.
Since the urim and tumim was holy, the plate was the most important of all
ornaments (just as the ark was the most important of all objects of
Tabernacle and Sacred Temple.
The precious stones of the breastplate
God commanded that twelve precious stones be set upon the
material fabric of the breastplate. Written on each stone was the name of a
the twelve tribes.
Besides these names, the stones also had the following words in
breastplate: "Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, the tribes of Yeshurun." These words
additional ones were distributed over all the gems, in such a way that
each stone had a total of six letters.
Thus, all the letters of the Alef-bet were included in the plate. Because the
Should the plate contain all possible letters? When the people of Israel
I needed to consult God about important matters, these letters are
they illuminated, forming sentences, in order to convey God's answer.
The plate bore the names of our patriarchs and the tribes, to serve
as a reminder of the merit of our great ancestors and that of the tribes. The
four columns allude to the merit of our four matriarchs. These merits
they assisted the High Priest in obtaining atonement for the Jewish people.
While the High Priest wore the plate, he could not at any moment
forget the Jewish people. I had them present (symbolized by the names of the
tribes) while fulfilling the Divine service. When praying, he asked God that the
helped and blessed them.
How the stones were cut
The two precious stones on the apron straps and the twelve precious stones
the plates should be cut to a certain size. However, God forbade that
if you used a knife or any other metal instrument to cut
these stones. The embedded stones should be perfect, without
not even a little chip was missing. Therefore, the letters on the gems do not
could be recorded through instruments or tools, as this
would cause the gems to be slightly chipped.
How then could they be cut?
Moses knew that God had created on the eve of the first Sabbath of the six
days of Creation an insect, small as a grain of barley, which had the
marvelous ability to cut any material, including the hardest one
rock, simply passing over. This amazing insect is
I called Shamir.
Moses ordered that the shamir be brought. The names of the tribes were
written in ink on the gems. The shamir was passed through the stones.
precious, and these were cut exactly along the line marked by
artisan.
When the Holy Temple was destroyed, the shamir disappeared.
Urim and Thummim, the parchment containing the Name of God embedded in the plate.
As we mentioned earlier, the chest plate was made in such a way that
was folded in half, forming a pocket. In this pocket Moshê inserted a
a scroll on which was written the Unspeakable Name of God composed of
seventy-two letters.
This name caused certain letters to be engraved on the precious stones.
if they lit up in response to the questions that were asked of them.
The name urim vetumim means:
Urim - the letters were illuminated (from the root 'or', light)
Tumim - your answer was final and unchangeable (derived from 'tam', perfect)
Therefore, the breastplate is also simply called chôshen.
was also known as 'Chôshen Mishpat' (mishpat - sentence), a
since the final decision on each questionable matter was reached through
of the lighting of the stones.
Only matters concerning the king, the court, or the Jewish people as one
people could be consulted through the stones. It was not allowed
to question them for personal purposes.
The questioner used to go to the High Priest, who carried the urim.
the veil. The High Priest turned his face towards the ark (over the
what the Deity hovered), and the inquirer, standing behind him, had to ask
a questão em voz baixa, no tom de quem está rezando. O Sumo Sacerdote
was then inspired by the Divine spirit. Upon looking at the letters on the plate that
they lit up, I could combine them correctly and decipher God's answer.
The Urim and Thummim were consulted by the people of Israel during the period
biblical. They stopped functioning with the destruction of the first Sacred Temple.
Aharon received the privilege of bearing the Divine name upon his heart as
reward for your happiness, upon hearing that your younger brother Moshê had
chosen as a leader to redeem the Jewish people. God said: "May the heart
who did not feel envy for the sign containing My Name