Canine
For easy teeth description
let’s make a quick revision;
Function (mastication (tearing), esthetic).
Chronology.
Number of lobes (four lobes 3 labially and 1 lingually).
Geometric outline of the crown.
Outlines of the crown and root.
Surface anatomy of the crown and root.
Pulp cavity.
Chronology:
•Enamel organ appearance.
•Beginning of calcification.
•Crown completed.
•Eruption.
•Root completed
Upper canine has 5 aspects:
Labial Lingual Mesial Distal
Incisal
Lower canine has 5 aspects:
Distal
Labial Lingual Mesial
Incisal
Geometric outline of the crown
Facial and lingual aspects have trapezoid out line.
Smallest uneven side
cervically.
Facial and Lingual Outlines of 3
It’s Trapezoid and formed of
Mesial outline:, convex till the contact area (at the junction of I 1/3
and O 1/3) then continues as concave till the cusp tip.
Distal outline: concave till the contact area (at the middle third)
then continues as convex till the cusp tip.
Cervical outline: convex root wise.
The mesial slope is shorter than the distal slope.
The cusp tip pointed and on line with the long axis but slightly mesially
deviated.
Facial and Lingual Outlines of 3
Mesial outline is straight. Mesial outline is convex.
Both contact areas are more Contact areas are more
incisally so the crown appeared cervically.
longer and thinner than 3
Cusp tip is less pointed Cusp tip is more pointed
Outlines of the root
The mesial and distal outline of •The mesial and distal outline
the root tapered to a pointed of the root tapered to a
distally curved apex sharply pointed distally
curved apex
.Surface anatomy of the crown and root
Labial aspect
Elevations:
•It’s convex with maximum convixity at the
cervical ridge.
•There is prominent ridge runs from the tip of the
cusp toward the cervical margin
(Labial ridge).
The middle lobe is well developed giving the cusp
Depressions:
Shallow longitudinal depressions lie mesial and
distal to the labial ridge.
The root shows convex smooth surface
Lingual aspect
Elevations:
•Marginal ridges, cingulum,
•Prominent lingual ridge that extend from the
cusp tip till the cingulum in 3 while in 3 it’s
restricted to the incisal third.
Depressions:
Lingual fossa that is divided into two fossae
in 3 but still one in 3.
Note:
cingulum
•The elevations of lower canine are not well developed as the
upper
•The lingual surface is smaller in size than the labial
surface due to the lingual convergence which
accommodate ……….
Geometric outline of the crown
Proximal aspects have triangular
outline Apex of the
triangle
incisally.
Note: the cusp tip of 3
centralized on the long axis The base cervically.
or inclined labially.
while the 3 cusp tip
Apex of the
centralized or inclined
triangle incisally.
lingually.
Mesial and distal Outlines of the crown
It’s wedge in shape:
Labial outline is convex with the crest of curvature at the
cervical third represent……
Lingual outline is convex cervically represent...
In the middle it’s straight due to presence of ridge ……..
In the incisal third it’s convex again represent……
Cervical outline: curved incisally however, this curvature is less on the distal than the mesial.
Notes:
•Lingual outline in the middle of 3 is concave rather than straight due to short lingual ridge.
Outlines of the root
Upper canine:
The outlines tapered from the cervical line
to a blunt pointed apex. It’s apical third
may curved labially.
Lower canine:
The outline are nearly straight from
the cervical line to the middle third
then tapered to a more pointed apex
Surface anatomy of the crown and root
The crown surface is convex and smooth,
except area cervical to the contact area shows flattening (mesial surface)
or concavity (distal surface).
Position of contact areas vary from mesial to distal of same tooth and
vary from upper to lower canine…….identify their position as
mentioned before.
The root surface is broad with longitudinal depression.
The depression is shallower mesially than distally of same tooth and is shallower
in upper canine than lower canine.
Note: the depression in lower canine may be so deep causing bifurcation
in the root. The bifurcation may be apically or extend up to cervical
third.
Enumerate the names of
the following elevations
and depressions?
Lingual ridge
Cingulum.
Distal marginal Mesial marginal
ridge ridge.
D.L.F M.L.F
[Link]
[Link]
Incisal aspect.
Outline and surface anatomy
The thickness is greater than the width.
The labial surface appeared convex and even
more than the incisors
The cingulum forms a short arc.
The elevations and depressions in the labial
and lingual surfaces appeared in this aspect
.Pulp cavity
Pulp cavity is formed of:
Pulp chamber that present in the crown. Its outline
follows the outline of the crown.
In young teeth, it has pulp horns related to the cusp
Root canal that present in the root and follow its
outline. The number of root canals in canines is
only one.
Sometimes 3 has two root canals labially and
lingually. The canals open in one apical foramen or
separate foramina.
