12/8/25, 1:30 PM Cyclone Ditwah - Wikipedia

Cyclone Ditwah
Cyclonic Storm Ditwah was a weak but
Cyclonic Storm Ditwah
catastrophic tropical cyclone that brought heavy
rains to Sri Lanka and Southern India in late
November and early December 2025. The
fourteenth tropical depression and fourth cyclonic
storm of the 2025 North Indian Ocean cyclone
season, Ditwah, originated from a well-marked low
before steadily intensifying into a cyclonic storm
and making landfall in Sri Lanka. Ditwah then
moved off Sri Lanka and entered the Bay of Bengal,
where it re-intensified and began to parallel the
Coromandel Coast of India. On 30 November, the
system began to weaken due to increasingly
unfavorable conditions. It lingered off to the coast of
Tamil Nadu and Pondicherry. It weakened into a
deep depression later that day, and by 2 December,
the system further weakened into a depression
before becoming a remnant low on 3 December.
Ditwah near peak intensity on 27 November
Most of the impact of Ditwah was concentrated in
Sri Lanka. The storm caused heavy flooding and Meteorological history
landslides, killing over 600 people and causing over Formed 26 November 2025
US$1.6 billion dollars of damage in the country. It Remnant low 3 December 2025
was the deadliest disaster in the country since the
Cyclonic storm
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami.
3-minute sustained (IMD)
Highest winds 75 km/h (45 mph)
Lowest pressure 1001 hPa (mbar); 29.56 inHg
Tropical storm
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/JTWC)
Highest winds 65 km/h (40 mph)
Lowest pressure 1002 hPa (mbar); 29.59 inHg
Overall effects
Fatalities 631+
Injuries 21+
Missing 190+
Damage >$1.64 billion (2025 USD)
Areas affected Sri Lanka · Southern India

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Part of the 2025 North Indian Ocean cyclone

season

Meteorological history
At 18:00 UTC on 26 November 2025, the India
Meteorological Department (IMD) began to track a
depression formed from a well marked low just
offshore the southeastern coast of Sri Lanka, due to
favourable conditions such as high sea surface
temperatures and mid-level vertical wind shear being
low (10–15 knots).[1] The depression would intensify
further, first into a deep depression at 00:00 UTC on
27 November, then into a Cyclonic Storm at 06:00
Map plotting the storm's track and intensity,
UTC, when it received the name Ditwah,[2] the name
according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
provided by Yemen, referring to the Detwah Lagoon on
Map key
Socotra Island. Ditwah's clouds soon became
increasingly organised into a curved band pattern.[2]

Over the next few days, Ditwah crossed Sri Lanka while maintaining cyclonic storm intensity, then
moved into the Bay of Bengal on 29 November and headed northward. Ditwah slightly intensified
once back over water, before beginning to weaken on 30 November due to increased wind shear,
inflow of dry air, and cooler sea-surface temperatures. Later that day, Ditwah weakened to a deep
depression at 12:00 UTC.[3][4][5] The system then continued to slowly parallel to the coast of
Southern India as a Deep Depression into 1 December.[6] That evening at 18:00 UTC, Ditwah made
a turn and began to travel southwestwards. By 2 December, Ditwah had weakened to a
depression.[7] Ditwah became a well-marked low pressure area on 3 December before making a
landfall on the North Tamil Nadu coast.[8]

Preparations

Sri Lanka
Government offices and schools were closed as heavy rains intensified, with the Ministry of
Education confirming temporary nationwide closures and authorising university administrations
to decide on higher-education shutdowns.[9][10][11]

Residents living near reservoirs were ordered to evacuate as water levels rose. The Disaster
Management Centre issued advisories for communities downstream of the Mavil Aru tank in
Trincomalee District, where the bund later breached in several places.[12][13][14]

On 28 November, the President declared a nationwide state of public emergency to expedite

disaster-response coordination and resource mobilisation.[15][16]

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India
The India Meteorological Department (IMD) issued red alerts for parts of north Tamil Nadu and
Puducherry, warning of extremely heavy rainfall and strong winds as the system tracked along the
coast.[17]

Chennai International Airport pre-emptively cancelled dozens of flights, and schools and colleges
were closed in affected districts.[18]

The National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) deployed multiple teams across Tamil Nadu and
issued port and marine advisories in coordination with state authorities.[19]

Impact
Casualties by country
Sri Lanka Country Deaths Injuries Missing Damage

Heavy rains and landslides resulted in at Sri Lanka 628 18 190 $1.6 billion
least 627 deaths, 18 injuries, and 190 India 3 3 — >$40.6 million
people missing,[20][21] making Ditwah the
Total 631 21 190 >$1.64 billion
deadliest natural disaster in Sri Lanka
since the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami.[22] There were 232 deaths and 81 missing in
Kandy District, 89 deaths and 35 missing in Nuwara Eliya District, 90 deaths and 11 missing in
Badulla District, 61 deaths and 11 missing in Kurunegala District, 35 deaths and 2 missing in
Puttalam District, 32 deaths and 39 missing in Kegalle District, 28 deaths and 9 missing in Matale
District, 13 deaths and 2 missing in Gampaha District, 12 deaths in Anuradhapura District, 9
deaths in Colombo District, 8 deaths in Ampara District, 4 deaths in Monaragala District, 3 deaths
in Jaffna District, 2 deaths in Vavuniya District, 2 deaths in Mannar District, 2 deaths in Batticaloa
District and a single death in Galle District, Hambantota District and Ratnapura District.[20]
Additionally, a Bell 212 helicopter of the Sri Lanka Air Force crashed in Wennappuwa during relief
operations, killing the pilot and injuring four others.[23]

Flooding and landslides destroyed 4,517 homes and damaged 76,066 others nationwide.[20]
Military units rescued 69 people from a flooded bus in Anuradhapura District.[24] A landslide in
Gangoda buried 20 people.[25] Three people were killed in Sainthamaruthu, Ampara District after
their car was swept away by floodwaters.[26]

The Mavil Aru bund breach caused flooding across Trincomalee District, while train services in hill
regions were suspended after mud and debris blocked tracks.[27] Cities along the Kelani River
including Kaduwela, Kolonnawa, and Hanwella remained inundated for days after the storm.[28]

Power outages affected about 30 percent of the country, and major hydropower plants such as
Kotmale and Rantambe were temporarily shut down. An estimated 1.46 million people (407,594
families) were affected, with 59,000 families sheltered in 1,529 emergency centres.[28]

Economic loss estimates ranged from US$1.6 billion to as high as US$7 billion, according to
Bloomberg, lawmakers, and government officials.[29][30][31]

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India
At least three people and 149 cattle were killed in rain-related incidents in Tamil Nadu, where
Ditwah brought widespread flooding and agricultural losses. Two people died when walls collapsed
in Thoothukudi and Thanjavur, and one in Mayiladuthurai from electrocution. About 57,000
hectares of farmland and 234 huts were damaged.[32] Preliminary losses in coastal Tamil Nadu
were estimated at ₹3.5 billion (US$40.6 million).[33] Heavy rain also affected parts of Andhra
Pradesh and Telangana, the latter experiencing a brief cold spell as temperatures dropped after the
storm.[34][35]

Aftermath

Indian Air Force Il-76MD and C-130J aircraft preparing for relief operations in Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka declared a state of emergency and the Sri Lanka Armed Forces deployed more than
25,000 personnel for relief work. This included SAR missions using Bell 212, Bell 206, Bell 412 and
Mil Mi-17 helicopters, surveillance operations using KA-360ER and airlifting dry rations, HADR
equipments using Y-12 of the Sri Lanka Air Force, Unicorn/Uni Buffel vehicles, WMZ/BTR
vehicles of the Sri Lanka Army and naval boats of the Sri Lanka Navy.[36][37][38][39]

While conducting disaster relief operations, a Sri Lanka Air Force Bell 212 helicopter crashed in
the Wennappuwa area, killing the pilot and injuring four other Air Force personnel.[40] Five Sri
Lanka Navy personnel died while conducting flood-mitigation operations at Chalai Lagoon near
Chundikkulam.[41][42]

SpaceX satellite internet service Starlink announced that it would provide free satellite internet to
new and existing customers in areas of Sri Lanka and Indonesia affected by flooding from Cyclone
Ditwah through the end of December 2025, and stated that it was working with the Sri Lankan
government to support restoration of connectivity in badly hit districts.[43][44]

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Humanitarian response

Party Notes
Countries

Australia initially pledged AU$ 1 million to support immediate response and recovery
efforts in Sri Lanka following the devastating impacts of Cyclone Ditwah.[45] On
Australia December 4th, Australia announced an additional AU$ 2.5 million, bringing the total
contribution to AU$ 3.5 million to help with the ongoing response and recovery
efforts.[46]
The Government of Bangladesh sent C130J of Bangladesh Air Force with
Bangladesh
humanitarian aid, essential relief items to Sri Lanka on 3 December.[47]

The Government of China announced a humanitarian aid package for Sri Lanka's
disaster recovery efforts, reaffirming solidarity. The assistance includes US$1 million in
China cash and RMB10 million worth of relief supplies.[48] Additionally, an Air China Cargo
Boeing 747-400F carrying relief supplies worth Rs. 400 million landed in Sri Lanka on
8 December. [49]
Operation Sagar Bandhu, India's rapid Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster
Relief (HADR) mission to support Sri Lanka in the aftermath of the devastating
Cyclone Ditwah. Deployed INS Vikrant (Aircraft Carrier) and INS Udaygiri (2022)|
frigate immediately from Colombo. Later sent INS Sukanya to Trincomalee with 12
tonnes of supplies. Deployed C-17 Globemaster, IL-76, and C-130J transport aircraft.
IAF Mi-17 helicopters carried out rescue missions for stranded people (including
India Indians and foreign nationals). Sent 80+ rescuers from the National Disaster
Response Force (NDRF) with search-and-rescue dogs and specialised equipment.
Established a modular field hospital with 70 medical personnel to treat survivors in
remote areas like Mahiyanganaya. Airlifted 65-tonne Bailey Bridges (prefabricated
modular bridges) to restore road connectivity in landslide-hit regions. Operation Sagar
Bandhu was launched precisely because the scale of the disaster overwhelmed local
capacities.

The Government of Ireland committed €500,000 in humanitarian funding to assist relief

efforts in Sri Lanka following Cyclone Ditwah. The funds will support the work of the
Ireland
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) and the Sri
Lanka Red Cross Society to provide essential support to affected communities.[50]
The Government of Japan decided to dispatch an assessment team to Sri Lanka
through the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) in response to the
massive damages in Sri Lanka caused by Cyclone Ditwah. The team, which consists
Japan
of four members including JICA staff and medical personnel, will monitor medical
needs on the ground, and coordinate the possible dispatch of a Japanese Disaster
Relief team.[51]
Maldives Public Service Media (PSM), with 37 media outlets, held a live telethon from
30 November 2025 into 2 December, raising MVR 10,892,357.82 and USD
43,631.31.[52] These efforts contributed to the Maldives emerging as one of Sri
Lanka’s largest donors in the Cyclone Ditwah recovery, with total contributions
amounting to USD 2.4 million through government aid, private donations, and in‑kind
support such as 25,000 cases of canned fish.[53]] PSM Managing Director Abdullah
Maldives Yameen said funds had been deposited, with more expected from unopened boxes.[54]
Donations came via a Bank of Maldives account and collection boxes in Malé,
including contributions from the PNC parliamentary group, Bank of Maldives, Stelco,
Sun Siyam Group, Road Development Corporation employees, and Crown & Champa
Resorts.[54] The Government of Maldives pledged USD 50,000 and 25,000 cases of
canned tuna.[55] Sri Lanka’s High Commissioner Mohamed Rizvi Hassen thanked the
Maldives for its swift response.[54]
A Shaanxi Y-8 of Myanmar Air Force with relief supplies arrived in Colombo 6
December, carrying relief supplies that include medical items, hygiene products and
Myanmar
other essential goods. The consignment was delivered alongside a delegation from the
Government of Myanmar.[56]

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Nepal extended its condolences to Sri Lanka over the floods and announced
US$200,000 in assistance for relief and recovery efforts. The Ministry of Foreign
Nepal
Affairs issued a statement saying "Nepal stands firmly with Sri Lanka during this
difficult time."[57]
Pakistan deployed PNS Saif (F253)'s Harbin Z-9 for search and rescue operations in
Sri Lanka. Pakistan Air Force C130 Aircraft arrived in Sri Lanka in 3 December with
47-member specialised Pakistan Army search and rescue unit, along with 6.5 tonnes
Pakistan
of essential equipment,[58] Additionally Pakistan has dispatched 80 tons of
humanitarian assistance to Sri Lanka through the Pakistan National Disaster
Management Authority (NDMA), in coordination with SriLankan Airlines [59]
The Government of Switzerland dispatched a humanitarian relief consignment to Sri
Lanka through the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) in response
Switzerland to the severe impacts of Cyclone Ditwah. A specialised shipment of approximately
2.6 metric tons of equipment, including water-purification units and other essential
WASH supplies, was flown from Zurich to Bandaranaike International Airport.[60]

The UAE launched an urgent humanitarian response for Sri Lankan flood victims. The
Emirates Red Crescent and Joint Operations Command (JOC) coordinated the aid,
United Arab Emirates which included search/rescue teams and delivery of essential supplies.[61] Three C-17
Globemaster III flights of United Arab Emirates Air Force and charted flight arrived with
Urban Search and Rescue (USAR) team and relief cargo.[62][63]
The UK pledged $890,000 (£675,000) in urgent humanitarian aid, delivered with the
Red Cross and UN, for Sri Lanka's Cyclone Ditwah recovery. The aid provides
United Kingdom essential life-saving supplies, including food, shelter, and medical care.[64]The UK later
increased its total humanitarian support to £1,000,000 (approximately US$1.32 million)
to expand relief operations across the most affected regions.[65]
The United States pledged $2 million to assist urgent relief efforts in Sri Lanka. On
07th December two USAF C-130J Super Hercules arrived in Sri Lanka with the teams
United States from teams from the 374th Airlift Wing, the 36th Contingency Response Group, and
the III Marine Expeditionary Force to enhance airlift, logistics and rapid response
operations with Sri Lanka Air Force.[66][67]
Organizations
United Nations entities such as UNICEF, the World Health Organization and the
International Organization for Migration coordinated their disaster relief efforts with
government agencies and humanitarian organisations to provide food, shelter and
United Nations emergency assistance. The United Nations in Sri Lanka also called for the activiation
of the emergency coordination system in order to mobilize its teams to support relief
efforts.[68][69][70]
The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC)
IFRC launched an emergency appeal to help 500,000 people affected by the flooding,
focusing on shelter, health and community support.[71]

Companies
Binance Holdings Ltd., through its subsidiary Binance Charity, pledged LKR 61.6
Binance million (USD 200,000) to the Sri Lanka Red Cross Society to support urgent relief and
recovery efforts in the country.[72][73]

Records and statistics

United Nations agencies and the IFRC characterised the flooding and landslides associated with
Ditwah as among the worst disasters to affect Sri Lanka in recent decades, with between one and
1.5 million people impacted across the country. The catastrophe prompted large-scale evacuations,
the opening of more than 1,500 emergency shelters, and multiple rounds of international appeals
for relief and early recovery support.[74][75][76][77]

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See also
Tropical cyclones
portal
Sri Lanka portal

Cyclone Nisha (2008)

Tropical cyclones in 2025
Tropical cyclones in India
Tropical cyclones in Sri Lanka
Weather of 2025

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External links
Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics ([Link] (in
Indonesian)
Joint Typhoon Warning Center ([Link]

Retrieved from "[Link]

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