1.

Introduction on Logical Reasoning (20

Questions)
(Coding-Decoding, Alphabet Analogy/Classification/Series, Number Analogy/Series, Blood Relation,
Direction Sense)

1. In a certain code, CAT = FDW. How is DOG coded?

2. If APPLE = CNRNG, then GRAPE = ?
3. Find the odd one out: JKL, MNO, PQR, STU, VWZ
4. What comes next? AZ, BY, CX, DW, ?
5. Analogy: BEGK : ADFJ :: PSVY : ?
6. Number analogy: 9 : 81 :: 7 : ?
7. Number series: 5, 11, 23, 47, ?
8. If A is the sister of B, and B is the husband of C, what is A to C?
9. A is the brother of B. C is the mother of A. What is C to B?
10. Pointing to a man, a woman says “He is the son of my mother’s husband’s sister.” What is the woman
to the man?
11. Ram walks 10 m east, then 5 m north, then 10 m west. How far is he from the starting point?
12. A person walks 20 m south, turns right for 10 m, turns right for 20 m. In which direction is he from the
starting point?
13. If SOUTH = PQRQD, how is NORTH coded?
14. Find missing term: DHL, PTX, ?, XHB
15. If MONDAY = 123456, what is DYNAMO?
16. Odd one out: GJ, HK, LM, NP, QS
17. Series: B, D, G, K, P, ?
18. Find the relation: Q is the father of K. R is the sister of Q. M is the mother of K. How is R related
to M?
19. Which direction will you face if you start facing west and turn right twice?
20. Analogy: Fist : Hand :: Leaf : ?

2. Logical Reasoning (20 Questions)

(Calendar, Clock, Sitting Arrangement, Venn Diagram, Syllogism, Set Theory)

1. If 15 August 2020 was Saturday, what day was 15 August 2019?

2. Find the day on 1 Jan 2050.
3. If the clock shows 3:15, what is the angle between the hands?
4. A clock gains 10 minutes every hour. If it shows 6 PM now, what is the real time?
5. In a row of 10 students, A is 4th from the left. B is 5th from the right. If they interchange positions,
what is A’s new position?
6. Circular sitting: 6 people sit in a circle. A is opposite B. C is to the immediate right of A. Who sits to
the left of C?
7. Venn Diagram: 50 play Cricket, 30 Football, 20 both. How many play only Cricket?
8. Syllogism:
o All books are papers
o Some papers are pens
Conclusions:
o I: Some books are pens
 o II: Some pens are books
9. Syllogism:
o No cats are dogs
o Some dogs are animals
Conclusions?
10. Find missing set value: Universe = 100, A=40, B=50, A∩B=20 → A'∩B'?
11. If 2 Feb 2024 is Friday, what day is 2 Feb 2025?
12. At 4:30, what is the angle between hands?
13. A clock shows wrong time: 1 hour late every 5 hours. If it shows 12 PM, what is real time?
14. Three people sit in a line. A is left of B, C is right of B. Who sits in the middle?
15. Venn: 100 students, 60 Maths, 70 Science, 40 both. How many study neither?
16. Set Theory: If A={1,2,3} and B={2,3,4}, find AΔB.
17. Find the day: 26 Jan 1950.
18. In a family tree, A is daughter of B. B is son of C. C is father of D. How is A related to D?
19. In a puzzle, 4 people sit north-facing: A left of B, C right of B, D right of C. Who is at extreme right?
20. Syllogism:

● Some pens are pencils

● All pencils are boxes
Conclusions?

3. Non-Verbal Reasoning (20 Questions)

(Figure/Square/Rectangle/Triangle Counting, Series, Analogy, Classification, Cube/Cuboid, Dice)

1. How many squares are in a 4×4 grid?

2. How many rectangles in a 3×3 box?
3. Find triangles in a star shape (conceptual).
4. Which shape comes next in the pattern: ●▲●▲●▲ ?
5. Odd one out: (Four images—one rotated differently.)
6. Mirror image of a given figure (conceptual).
7. Water image of letter K.
8. If a cube is painted on all sides and cut into 27 small cubes, how many cubes have 3 faces painted?
9. Same cube but 2 faces painted?
10. Dice: If 1 opposite 6, 2 opposite 3, 4 opposite 5, what number appears opposite 2?
11. Counting figure: Find the number of parallelograms in a given shape (conceptual).
12. Which figure completes the series: ■, ▲, ○, ■, ▲, ?
13. If a folded paper shows a pattern, find the cut-out after unfolding.
14. Identify missing pattern from 4 options (mental ability).
15. Cube: If digits 0,1,2 colored on faces, how many cubes have face 1 visible?
16. Dice: Two views given—find common face.
17. Count circles in a Venn-like overlapping drawing.
18. Figure analogy: Shape A transforms to B; apply same rule to C → ?
19. Odd one out: One figure has unequal sides, others are symmetrical.
20. Find number of straight lines in a complex figure.
4. Introduction on Quantitative Aptitude (20
Questions)
(Number System, HCF/LCM, Simplification, Square/Cube Roots, Decimal/Fractions)

1. Find HCF of 48 and 180.

2. Find LCM of 12, 15, and 20.
3. If x = 2⁴ × 5³, how many factors does x have?
4. Simplify: (45% of 200) ÷ 0.5
5. Simplify: (3/4 + 2/5 – 1/2)
6. Find √2025
7. Find ∛1728
8. Convert 0.625 into fraction.
9. Convert 7/8 into decimal.
10. Find HCF of 27, 63, 81.
11. LCM of 6.5 and 4?
12. Simplify: 144 ÷ (12 × 2)
13. Evaluate: 3² × 3³ ÷ 3⁴
14. Simplify: (0.04 × 25)
15. If a number divided by 8 gives 75, find the number.
16. Find the number of primes between 1 and 50.
17. Simplify: (√49 + √121)
18. Convert 4 ⅔ into improper fraction.
19. Decimal: 125% of 240
20. Simplify: (15/16 ÷ 5/8)
5. Numerical Aptitude (20 Questions)
(Average, Ratio, Percentage, Profit/Loss, Surds/Indices, Logarithms, Age Problems)

1. Find average of 12, 18, 22, 28.

2. Ratio of 45 minutes to 2 hours.
3. 25% of a number is 60. Find the number.
4. If CP=800 and profit=20%, find SP.
5. Simplify: √32 × √8
6. Simplify: (5√3 + 2√3)
7. log₁₀(1000)
8. Age: A is twice as old as B. Sum of ages is 45. Find A and B.
9. Average of first 10 natural numbers.
10. A shopkeeper gives 10% discount on ₹500. Find selling price.
11. Ratio 4:5 converted into percentage?
12. A person sells an item at 15% loss. CP=200. Find SP.
13. Solve: 5^(x) = 125
14. Simplify: 1/√3 + 2/√12
15. A father is 30 years older than his son. In 5 years, father will be 4 times son’s age. Find present ages.
16. Percentage increase from 40 to 50.
17. Profit% if CP=400, SP=520.
18. Ratio of 0.5 to 0.125.
19. log₂(32)
20. Surd simplification: √50 + √18

Answers

Answers — Topic 1: Introduction on Logical

Reasoning
1. GRJ. (Each letter shifted +3: C→F, A→D, T→W so D→G, O→R, G→J.)
2. CRRNG (Assuming each letter shifted +2: A→C, P→R, P→R, L→N, E→G). (Note: original
mapping you showed differs in position 2 — that question is ambiguous without the rule.)
3. VWZ (odd one out — not a consecutive triplet).
4. EV (pattern: first letters A,B,C,D,E… second letters Z,Y,X,W,V…).
5. ORUX (each letter −1: B→A, E→D, G→F, K→J; apply to P S V Y → O R U X).
6. 49. (square: 7² = 49)
7. 95. (pattern *2 + 1: 5→11→23→47→95)

9. Mother. (C is mother of A and A is brother of B ⇒ C is mother of B.)

8. Sister-in-law of C. (A is sister of B; B is husband of C → A is sister-in-law of C.)

10. They are cousins. (He is son of the speaker’s mother’s husband’s sister = son of paternal aunt ⇒
cousin.)
11. 5 m. (Net displacement 5 m north.)
12. 10 m west. (Net: south 20, right 10 (west), right 20 (north) → net west 10.)
13. KLOQE (assuming Caesar shift −3 applied to NORTH: N→K,O→L,R→O,T→Q,H→E).
(Ambiguous without explicit rule; I used −3.)
14. (Ambiguous) — one consistent completion is DLR depending on the hidden rule. (Need original
intended pattern to be certain.)
15. 463512. (Using mapping MONDAY→123456: D(4) Y(6) N(3) A(5) M(1) O(2) → DYNAMO = 4 6 3
5 1 2.)
 16. LM (odd one out — letter gap pattern differs; others have constant +3 gap).
17. V. (sequence differences +2, +3, +4, +5 → next +6: P(16)+6=22→V)
18. Sister-in-law. (R is sister of Q (father of K); M is mother of K → R is sister of M’s husband → R is
M’s sister-in-law.)
19. East. (Facing west, two right turns → east.)
20. Tree. (Fist : Hand :: Leaf : Tree.)

Answers — Topic 2: Logical Reasoning (Calendar,

Clock, Arrangements, Venn, Syllogism, Sets)
1. Thursday. (15 Aug 2020 = Saturday ⇒ 15 Aug 2019 two weekdays earlier = Thursday.)
2. Saturday. (1 Jan 2000 = Saturday; 2000→2050 adds 18263 days ≡ 0 (mod 7) so same weekday.)
3. 7.5° (At 3:15 hour hand at 97.5°, minute hand at 90° → difference 7.5°.)

6:00 ⇒ t = 36/7 hours ≈ [Link].)

4. ≈ [Link] PM (real time). (Clock gains 10 min per real hour → indicated = 7/6 × real; solve (7/6)·t =

5. 6. (A was 4th from left; B is 5th from right → B’s position = 6th from left. If they swap, A goes to
position 6.)
6. A. (If C is immediate right of A, then A sits to the left of C — so the person to the left of C is A.)
7. 30 play only Cricket. (50 − 20 = 30.)
8. Neither conclusion follows. (From “All books are papers” and “Some papers are pens” you cannot
deduce “some books are pens”.)
9. Only “Some animals are dogs” follows. (From “Some dogs are animals”.)

11. Saturday. (2024 is leap; 2 Feb 2024 = Friday ⇒ 2 Feb 2025 = Saturday.)
10. 30. (Neither A nor B: 100 − (40 + 50 − 20) = 30.)

12. 45°. (Hour hand at 135°, minute hand at 180° → difference 45°.)
13. 3:00 PM (real time). (Clock loses 1 hour every 5 hours → indicated = 4/5 × real. If indicated = 12:00,

14. B (middle). (A left of B and C right of B ⇒ order A − B − C so B in middle.)

real = 15:00.)

15. 10 students study neither. (At least one = 60 + 70 − 40 = 90 ⇒ neither = 10.)

16. A Δ B = {1, 4}.

18. Niece. (A is daughter of B; B is child of C; D is child of C ⇒ B and D are siblings → A is niece of D.)
17. Thursday. (26 Jan 1950 was Thursday.)

20. Some pens are boxes — True. (Some pens are pencils and all pencils are boxes ⇒ those pens that are
19. D. (Using given left/right placements, D ends up at extreme right.)

pencils are boxes.)

Answers — Topic 3: Non-Verbal Reasoning

(figures, cubes, dice, series)
1. 30 squares. (Sum of squares 1²+2²+3²+4² = 30.)
2. 36 rectangles. (For a 3×3 grid number of rectangles = (3·4/2)² = 6² = 36.)
3. (Depends on the figure.) For a common 6-point star type the typical answer is 12 triangles. (If you
upload the exact figure I’ll count exactly.)
4. ●. (Sequence repeats ●▲; next is ●.)
 5. The rotated figure (odd one out).
6. Mirror image = horizontal reflection of the given figure (can show if you upload the figure).
7. Mirror of K is a K reversed (visual).
8. 8 small cubes have 3 painted faces. (Cubes with three painted faces = the corner cubes; in a 3×3×3
there are 8 corners.)
9. 12 small cubes have exactly 2 painted faces. (Edge cubes excluding corners: 12 edges in a 3×3×3,
each has one cube with 2 painted faces.)
10. 3 (If 1 opposite 6, 2 opposite 3, 4 opposite 5 — opposite of 2 is 3.)
11. (Depends on shape) — typical exam answer for a small complex figure is compute by counting;
upload figure for exact count.
12. ○ (pattern ■, ▲, ○ repeat → next ○)
13. (Depends on folded paper figure) — upload image and I’ll give the unfolded pattern.
14. Missing pattern is option X (depends on options).
15. (Depends on which faces are colored). If digits 0,1,2 used irregularly, need the cube net to count.
16. (Two-view dice problem) — identify common faces and deduce opposite face (needs the two views).
17. (Depends on drawing) — can count after seeing figure.
18. Resulting figure per rule — supply the images to solve exactly.
19. Odd one out = the asymmetrical figure.
20. Count of straight lines depends on the shown figure — give me the picture for exact counting.

(For visual/non-verbal problems I can give exact counts if you upload the images or clarify the intended
figure — many of the textbook problems need the picture.)

Answers — Topic 4: Quantitative Aptitude

(Number system, HCF/LCM, simplification, roots)
1. HCF(48,180) = 12.

3. Number of factors of x = (4+1)(3+1) = 20 factors. (x = 2⁴·5³ → exponents 4 and 3 ⇒ (4+1)(3+1) =

2. LCM(12,15,20) = 60.

20.)

5. 3/4 + 2/5 − 1/2 = common denom 20 ⇒ (15 + 8 − 10)/20 = 13/20.

4. (45% of 200) ÷ 0.5 = (0.45×200)÷0.5 = 90 ÷ 0.5 = 180.

6. √2025 = 45.
7. ∛1728 = 12.
8. 0.625 = 625/1000 = 5/8.
9. 7/8 = 0.875.

11. LCM of 6.5 and 4? (6.5 = 13/2, 4 = 4/1 ⇒ LCM = least common multiple of numerators divided by
10. HCF(27,63,81) = 9.

gcd denominators → LCM(13,4)/gcd(2,1) = 52/1 = 52? Better compute in integers:

LCM(13/2,4)=LCM(13,8)/2? This is ambiguous — convert to fractions: 6.5=13/2, 4=4/1. LCM as
numbers = least positive number divisible by both = 26. Answer: 26.)
12. 144 ÷ (12 × 2) = 144 ÷ 24 = 6.
13. 3² × 3³ ÷ 3⁴ = 3^(2+3−4) = 3¹ = 3.
14. 0.04 × 25 = 1. (since 25 × 0.04 = 1)
15. Number = 75 × 8 = 600. (If number ÷ 8 = 75 → number = 75×8 = 600.)
16. Number of primes between 1 and 50 = 15. (Primes: 2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29,31,37,41,43,47 = 15.)
17. √49 + √121 = 7 + 11 = 18.
18. 4 2/3 = (14/3). (Improper fraction 14/3.)
 19. 125% of 240 = 1.25 × 240 = 300.
20. (15/16) ÷ (5/8) = (15/16) × (8/5) = (15×8)/(16×5) = (120)/(80) = 3/2 = 1.5.

Answers — Topic 5: Numerical Aptitude (Average,

Ratio, Percentage, Profit/Loss, Surds, Logs, Ages)
1. Average of 12,18,22,28 = (12+18+22+28)/4 = 80/4 = 20.

3. Number = 240. (25% of number = 60 ⇒ number = 60×4 = 240.)

2. 45 minutes : 2 hours = 45 : 120 = 3 : 8.

4. SP = 800 × 1.20 = ₹960. (20% profit.)

5. √32 × √8 = √(32×8) = √256 = 16.
6. 5√3 + 2√3 = 7√3.

8. A = 30, B = 15. (A = 2B and A+B =45 ⇒ 2B+B=45 ⇒ B=15 ⇒ A=30.)

7. log₁₀(1000) = 3.

9. Average of first 10 natural numbers = (1+10)/2 = 5.5. (Or sum 55 /10 = 5.5.)
10. SP after 10% discount on ₹500 = ₹450. (500 − 50 = 450.)
11. 4:5 as percentage = 4/5 = 0.8 = 80%.
12. SP = 200 − 15% of 200 = 200 − 30 = ₹170. (15% loss means SP = 85% of CP; but question said sells

13. x = 3. (5^x = 125 = 5^3 ⇒ x=3.)

at 15% loss → SP = 85% of 200 = 170.)

15. Father = 45, son = 15. (Let son = x, father = x+30; in 5 yrs father = x+35 = 4(x+5) ⇒ x+35 = 4x+20
14. 1/√3 + 2/√12 = 1/√3 + 2/(2√3) = 1/√3 + 1/√3 = 2/√3 = (2√3)/3 after rationalizing.

⇒ 15 = 3x ⇒ x = 5? Wait re-calc carefully:)

Solve properly: father = S + 30. In 5 years: father+5 = 4 × (son+5) → (S+30)+5 = 4(S+5) → S+35 =
4S+20 → 35−20 = 3S → 15 = 3S → S = 5, father = 35. Hmm I gave earlier numbers incompatible.
Let's re-evaluate: Many exam versions differ. Using correct algebra: son = s, father = s+30. After 5
years: (s+30)+5 = 4(s+5) → s+35 = 4s+20 → 15 = 3s → s = 5, father = 35. So present ages: Father =
35, Son = 5. (I corrected to algebraically consistent solution.)
16. Percentage increase from 40 to 50 = ((50−40)/40)×100% = (10/40)×100% = 25%.
17. Profit% = (520−400)/400 ×100% = 120/400 ×100% = 30%.
18. 0.5 : 0.125 = (0.5/0.125) = 4 : 1 or ratio 4:1.
19. log₂(32) = 5.
20. √50 + √18 = 5√2 + 3√2 = 8√2.