Microwave-Lab2
Microwave Lab Report
Lab 2: Advanced Design System (ADS) – Microwave Lines
Group members: Majd Baddour
Kareem Al Andary
Rashad Al Jawhary
Instructor: Dr Sarah Abou Chakra
Lebanese University – IUT Abey
Fall semester (2024-2025)
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1. Introduction
This lab focuses on the design, simulation, and analysis of a microstrip low-pass
filter using Keysight’s Advanced Design System (ADS). The filter is designed to meet
specific performance criteria, including:
SWR max = 1.35 up to 1.5 GHz
Minimum attenuation of 20 dB from 2.25 GHz
Two substrate types are compared:
1. Alumina (εr =9.6εr=9.6, h=1mm h=1 mm)
2. Duroid (εr =2.3εr=2.3, h=1 mm h=1 mm)
The goal is to validate the filter geometry and compare performance between lumped
and distributed element implementations.
2. Objectives
Validate the microstrip filter geometry designed in previous
exercises.
Compare filter performance using lumped vs. distributed
elements.
Analyze S-parameters, SWR, reflection coefficient, ripple, and
stopband attenuation.
Generate and compare physical layouts for both substrates.
Evaluate the impact of substrate material on filter
performance.
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II – Pre-lab
Consisting the filter sawn in exercise 6 designed with duroid substrate h=1
mm and Ɛr = 2.3.
a- We prepare the ADS software
b- We apply the S-Parameters, and we work on frequency by setting the
values of the S-Parameter by 0 GHz for the Start, 2.3GHz Stop and 5 MHz
for the Step
I. Preparation and Manipulation:
A. Building Circuits with Localized Elements:
Building the first circuit:
Graph of S11= S22
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At F=1.5 GHZ db (1,1) =-16
2-in magnitude
|𝑆11| = |Γ| = 0.15 𝑎𝑡 𝐹 = 1 GHZ
𝑆𝑊𝑅 = 1 + |Γ|/1 − |Γ| = 1 + 0.15 /1 − 0.15 = 1.15 /0.85 = 1.3529 ≈ 1.35
The SWR max = 1.35 till 1.5 GHz (given) -> so it is Verified
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S21: Magnitude
In db:
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Passing band from 0 GHZ to 1.5 GHZ
Minimal Oscillation at |S21| = -20dB (given): f=2.275 GHz
Oscillation at -3dB: f = 1.705 GHz
F cutoff=1.705 GHZ
2nd circuit when changing s-parameters
stop is changed from 2.3 GHZ
to 23 GHZ
The output at the Graphs:
• S21: Magnitude
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In db
As shown in the graph the fs at 22.75 GHZ has a value -125 (previously it was 25
as if it is added by 100 due to the filter’s order by 5)
3rd circuit
S=230 GHZ
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|S21| In magnitude
In db
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From dB graph: |S21| = -225 dB at f = 230GHz
Conclusion
The diagram is constructed from 2 coils and 3 capacitors and the order
“n” is the sum of the components found in the circuit, so n = 2+3 = 5, so
as we increase every decade the value of S21 will decrease by 100 db
due to order 5 (normal is drop by 20 db )
B. Building Circuit with Microstrip Lines:
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Graphs:
S21: Magnitude:
In db
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S11 in db
In magnitude
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We conclude from graphs S11 in magnitude and in dB that|S11| is near
1 and |S11|dB is near 0 dB which means that all the wave is reflected
back.
The solution is
Know we use MTEE between all the links by introducing (w) in all
directions
• Building a circuit containing MTEE_ADS which joins 3
lines connected together
• Removing “Term” and adding “Port” in its place without
connecting it to ground
We get the value of W1 by using Lincalc w=0.69
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The thick output at the circuit Capacitors
The narrow output at circuit Coils
6. Conclusion
The filter meets specifications for both substrates.
Lumped model provides ideal performance but is not realizable in microstrip
form.
Distributed models are practical and show acceptable performance with minor
trade-offs.
Alumina offers a smaller footprint but is less flexible than Duroid.
ADS simulations successfully validated the filter design and provided insight into
layout-based performance deviations.
