3/12/2023 Sql server, .

net and c# video tutorial: Window functions in SQL Server

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Window functions in SQL Server

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In SQL Server we have different categories of window functions
Aggregate functions - AVG, SUM, COUNT, MIN, MAX etc.. [Link] Core Razor Pages Tutorial

Ranking functions - RANK, DENSE_RANK, ROW_NUMBER etc..

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Analytic functions - LEAD, LAG, FIRST_VALUE, LAST_VALUE etc...
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OVER Clause defines the partitioning and ordering of a rows (i.e a window) for the
above functions to operate on. Hence these functions are called window functions. The
Angular CLI Tutorial
OVER clause accepts the following three arguments to define a window for these
functions to operate on. Angular 2 Tutorial
ORDER BY : Defines the logical order of the rows
Design Patterns
PARTITION BY : Divides the query result set into partitions. The window
function is applied to each partition separately. SOLID Principles
ROWSor RANGE clause : Further limits the rows within the partition by
specifying start and end points within the partition. [Link] Web API

The default for ROWS or RANGE clause is Bootstrap

RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW
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Let us understand the use of ROWS or RANGE clause with an example.
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Compute average salary and display it against every employee row as shown below.
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We might think the following query would do the job. Dot Net Basics
SELECT Name, Gender, Salary,
C#
AVG(Salary) OVER(ORDER BY Salary) AS Average
FROM Employees SQL Server

As you can see from the result below, the above query does not produce the overall [Link]
salary average. It produces the average of the current row and the rows preceeding the
[Link]
current row. This is because, the default value of ROWS or RANGE clause (RANGE
BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW) is applied.
GridView

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3/12/2023 Sql server, .net and c# video tutorial: Window functions in SQL Server

Entity Framework

WCF

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C#

SQL Server

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GridView
To fix this, provide an explicit value for ROWS or RANGE clause as shown below.
ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING tells [Link] MVC
the window function to operate on the set of rows starting from the first row in the
Visual Studio Tips and Tricks
partition to the last row in the partition.

SELECT Name, Gender, Salary, Java Video Tutorials

AVG(Salary) OVER(ORDER BY Salary ROWS BETWEEN Part 1 : Video | Text | Slides
UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) AS Average
Part 2 : Video | Text | Slides
FROM Employees
Part 3 : Video | Text | Slides

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SQL Server

Written Test

The same result can also be achieved by using RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED
PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING

What is the difference between ROWS and RANGE

We will discuss this in a later video

The following query can be used if you want to compute the average salary of
1. The current row
2. One row PRECEDING the current row and
3. One row FOLLOWING the current row

SELECT Name, Gender, Salary,

AVG(Salary) OVER(ORDER BY Salary
ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND 1 FOLLOWING) AS Average
FROM Employees

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3/12/2023 Sql server, .net and c# video tutorial: Window functions in SQL Server

2 comments:

prasath October 8, 2015 at 12:08 AM

Can I use AVG(Salary) OVER()
Instead of

AVG(Salary) OVER(ORDER BY Salary ROWS BETWEEN

UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) AS Average
Reply

Saleem_jee August 24, 2019 at 11:31 PM

when i use sum(),avg(),count() with over clause and give (order by salary) it gives error
"Msg 102, Level 15, State 1, Line 3
Incorrect syntax near 'order".
Please guide about this sir..
Reply

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