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Intensive Farming Techniques, Features, Advantage and Disadvantage

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 The Scientific Agriculture
[Link] Agricultural Monthly E- Magazine E-ISSN: Applied

Intensive Farming Techniques,

The Scientific Agriculture (July 2022)
Features, Advantage and
Volume 01, Issue 01, Page No. 12-17
Disadvantage
Intensive Farming Techniques, Features, Advantage and Disadvantage
Tejendra Kumar1*, Dr. Deepak Kumar2,
Rohit Gangwar3, Vishal Srivastava4 and Satvaan Singh5
1
* Department of Horticulture,
R.S.M. (P.G) College Dhampur, Bijnor (U.P)
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry,
Eternal University, Baru Sahib (H.P.) India
3,4&5
Department of Floriculture, SVPUAT Meerut (U.P)
*Email: - tejendrarsm@[Link]

Introduction
Basically, it is characterized by the
Intensive farming is the practice where a high use of fertilizers for crops,
high quantity of labour and capital are medication and concentrated feeding for
engaged to maximize agriculture the livestock. This method mainly raises
production. But the question always the livestock and feeds them on small land
arises in everyone’s mind: and increases their productivity which is
generally known as intensive livestock
What is intensive farming? farming.
Practices of Intensive Farming
The answer is that it is labour-
intensive agriculture whose main purpose A. Globally
is cultivation on a small tract with the help Intensive agriculture meaning is
of manpower. To produce quality crops basically achieving high production from
and maximum output, farmers use per unit of land. Mainly intensive
fertilizers and pesticides to a great extent. subsistence farming is practiced in areas
With the help of an intensive production of globes such as Thailand, Korea, Japan,
system, farmers enhance the soil and crop Indonesia, Taiwan and others. This
quality. farming is prominent in the high
population density regions such as India,
It is a method where a large
Bangladesh, China, Thailand etc.
number of crops are grown with intensive
use of agrochemicals and other input B. In India
strategies to achieve a higher output. This Indian farmers practice intensive
farming system is the latest farming wet paddy farming and intensive
technique that helps increase the higher subsistence farming in India in many
production from a specific land.

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 The Scientific Agriculture
[Link] Agricultural Monthly E- Magazine E-ISSN: Applied

regions such as Kerala, Tamil Nadu and It can be used with cattle, sheep, goats,
West Bengal etc. pigs, chickens, turkeys, ducks and
Intensive cropping agriculture other animals also. Herds graze one
registers a higher production per unit of part of the pasture while allowing
the tract. For the best intensive agriculture others to recover.
examples, you can check the report of
Japan, where the land available for 3. “Concentrated Animal Feeding
farming is limited. Also, a similar kind of Operations”, CAFO
situation can be observed in Kerala, India. Intensive livestock farming, or
Techniques of Intensive Farming we can say factory farming is a kind of
A. Livestock process where the livestock is raised in
The technique of intensive confinement at high density. The
livestock production has many other “Concentrated animal feeding
technologies, including Pasture operations” (CAFO), or “intensive
intensification, Rotational grazing and livestock operations” department, can
concentrated animal feeding operations. raise large numbers of livestock which
1. Pasture Intensification can go up to hundreds or thousands,
Pasture intensification is a term including intensive cow farming,
for pasture soils and grasses to increase turkeys, and hogs, intensive chicken
the food production potential of farming etc. The motive of such kinds
livestock systems. This process is of farms is only the concentration of
characterized by loss of forage because livestock in a given space. Aim of the
of overgrazing, poor nutrient CAFO is to provide higher output at
management and lack of soil low cost with the greatest level of food
conservation. These adverse effects safety.
lead to the degradation of pasture soils
B. Crops
which can decrease the water
As we know, the green revolution
availability, and fertility and may
transformed farming methods in many
increase the acidification. Deteriorate
developing countries. It started many
pastures may significantly lower
technologies and farming methods that
productivity.
already exist but have not been used
2. Rotational Grazing extensively outside of the agriculture
Rotational grazing is a type of industry. However, even many average
pasture in which herds are regularly farmers are still unaware of such
and systematically moved to fresh, technologies. These technologies
resting grazing areas to increase the generally include “miracle seeds”,
quality and quantity of forage growth. pesticides, irrigation, etc.

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[Link] Agricultural Monthly E- Magazine E-ISSN: Applied

1. Seeds Aquaculture is a part of the

That is, there is a need to cultivation of natural species of water that
buy seeds every season for annual includes intensive fish farming, algae, and
crops, thereby increasing the cost other water organisms. But intensive
and profit for the farmers. aquaculture techniques are implements on
the land using ponds, tanks, and other
2. Crop Rotation water-controlled systems.
Crop rotation is a method of
practice of growing a series of D. Sustainability
different types of crops on the Practices of intensive farming in
same land according to the India are sustainable, which is develop to
seasons. The method of crop stop degrading agricultural land and then
rotation also seeks to balance the regenerate soil health and ecosystem
demands of nutrients of different services also. These upgrades include the
crops to avoid soil nutrient intensive and organic farming category, a
depletion. Crop rotation also helps combination of organic and traditional
to improve soil structure and farming. It includes bio intensive farming,
fertility through alternative deep- agroforestry, intercropping and vertical
rooted plants and shallow-rooted farming.
plants.
3. Irrigation Features of Intensive Farming
Although flood irrigation is This farming is very prominent in
the oldest and most prominent India and more preferable by the farmers
irrigation type in which a field because it includes some of the basic
receives excess water to deliver characteristics/features. Here are some
adequate quantities. But Crop popular features of intensive subsistence
irrigation mostly depends on the farming which make it more demanding.
world’s 70% freshwater. 1) Needs smaller size land
2) Maximize labour are engaging
4. Weed control 3) High crop production
Weed management is 4) Low capital requires
necessary before every farming 5) Climatic dependency is higher
and is oftenly performs by 6) Emphasis on grains production
machines, by manpower 7) Soil dependency is higher
(manually) and by spraying. 8) Focused on manual or animal
farming
C. Aquaculture
9) Less modern technology

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[Link] Agricultural Monthly E- Magazine E-ISSN: Applied

Accordingly, the different farming

in different areas by different farmers are
engage in intensive poultry production,
intensive animal farming, intensive crop
farming, etc. So this is the different kinds
of intensive farming that mean a large
production of more food in variety.

3. High Efficiency
Intensive farming is highly
Advantage of Intensive Farming efficient because farmers makes a higher
There are some good effects of profit on a small piece of tract compared
intensive farming that directly emphasize to conventional farming. Additionally, it
on higher production by intensive animal is more economical and efficient.
agriculture or manually. The advantage of
this farming considers some of the 4. Affordable Prices
advantages which we have mentioned It produces vegetables, fruits, beef,
below. meat, eggs, milk prices are more
economical compare to traditional
1. High Crop Production farming. Because it produces food in
High production of crops is one of large quantities and requires less space.
the main benefits of intensive farming. Intensive subsistence agriculture also
Because agricultural products are in high helped in solving the scarcity of food by
demand in the global food market, producing a good amount.
including meat, eggs, milk, fish, cereals
and so on. This farming and crop 5. Helps in ensuring regulated farming
production are basically executes on a Various agricultural institutes and
small piece of land in higher quantities. environmental protection agencies have
2. Produce More Food Varieties taken the initiative to monitor and control
It is mainly concentrates on bulk the possible adverse effects of intensive
food production in a crop cultivation or farming.
livestock farming also. This process Consequently, the agencies and
prompts more resources of nourishment agricultural research institutes have set
for human utilization. This farming certain rules and regulations on the use of
requires high manpower, resources and farm inputs such as fertilizers, pesticides,
capital, which makes it more focused on growth hormones, and herbicides, and
production area and quantity also. have even stated clear measures on how
to maintain and manage livestock. This

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[Link] Agricultural Monthly E- Magazine E-ISSN: Applied

ensures regulated farming which results chemicals are used, they not only destroy
in healthy, safe, and affordable farm their intended targets such as pests, weeds
produce. and parasites but also contaminate the
food products.
6. Sustainable supply of food The insecticides and pesticides
With the demand for food soaring also kill beneficial insects which
across the world due to the ever- contribute to biodiversity loss. The
increasing number of human populations, workers and humans nearby are equally
intensive farming offers the advantage of affected by the chemical sprays and
high crop productivity with the possibility humans who consume the food indirectly
of meeting the food market demands take in the chemicals.
Besides, it requires less amount of land
which means that it significantly 3. Deforestation and alteration of the
contributes to economies of scale in natural environment
meeting the ever-escalating demand for Environmental studies and reports
food supplies. indicate that intensive farming impacts
and degrade the environment in countless
Disadvantages of Intensive Farming ways. The removal of trees, slush and
burn techniques and the clearing of forest
1. Poor living conditions and hygiene
areas to create room for agriculture has
for livestock
led to massive deforestation and soil
Intensive farming is highly
erosion.
criticized and thought to be cruel to the
As an outcome, natural habitats
animals. Because it involves the use of
and wild animals have been heavily
various chemicals, growth hormones and
affected as the destructive practices have
excess crowding on a small space, the
persistently contributed to habitat loss.
outcome is usually poor living conditions
The use of chemical fertilizers and
and hygiene for the livestock. Keeping
herbicides contaminates water
livestock above their capacity is
soils, wildlife habitats, and water bodies
associated with pollution and poor
like oceans, rivers and lakes. Fertilizer
hygiene which results in infections
nutrients in particular are the main cause
and various diseases.
of eutrophication in most of the world’s
2. Excessive use of agro-chemicals water bodies such as oceans, lakes, and
Intensive farming as earlier stated rivers.
involves the utilization of numerous types
4. Risks to human health
of agro-chemicals including chemical
The vegetables and fruits are
pesticides, fertilizers, herbicides,
sourced from areas that practice intensive
insecticides, and acaracides. When these

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[Link] Agricultural Monthly E- Magazine E-ISSN: Applied

farming and are full of invisible one takes a keen look at the intensive
pesticides. The challenge is that the farming systems, he or she will realize
pesticides cannot be washed away easily there are many hybrid varieties of plants,
and since the fruits and vegetables appear poultry and livestock. Most of them are
clean after a simple wash, humans injected with growth hormones and other
indirectly consume the chemical chemicals to augment production.
pesticides.
The consumption of pesticides 7. Possibility of poor quality food
affects the health of humans with health products
risks such as physical deformity, skin Since intensive farming centres
allergy, and congenital diseases. ADHD primarily on mass production of nice-
in children, for example, is associated looking food products, the production
with the consumption of pesticides in strategies overlook the need for quality
agricultural food products. and nutritious food products.
As a consequence, the quality of foods
5. Higher risks of cancer and birth sourced from intensive farming sites often
defects lacks the same nutrition values as
Public health publications and compared to those produced using
cancer statistics prove a direct correlation conventional farming methods or organic
between the consumption of food sourced farming.
from intensive farming areas and an Intensive farming simply aims to
increasing number of cancer victims. produce perfectly looking yields and to
The consumption of food products possibly extend their shelf life instead of
procured from intensive farming areas is enhancing nutritional value and taste
also said to be responsible for the increase which breeds room for poor quality food
in the number of congenital abnormality products in the long run.
cases. Public health researchers say that 8. Traditional farmers are unable to
the rising cases of children born with gain enough profits and less job
defects and cancer are probably caused by creation opportunities
the consumption of inorganic fruits, meat, Intensive farming as opposed to
vegetables, and poultry. traditional farming utilizes less space,
labour and resources to produce much
6. The use of chemical hormones in greater volumes. This makes it very hard
food for traditional farmers to compete. Also,
The majority of the food products considering how industrialized intensive
used in intensive farming systems, farming is, it does not lots of job per unit
especially vegetables, fruits, poultry, and of food produced which means less job
livestock are full of growth hormones. If creation opportunities.

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