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Department of Information Science & Engineering
ASSIGNMENT-1
Course Name: Discrete Mathematical Structures Course Code: B24MAT31B
Sem: III A, B, C, D Date of Given: 6/10/2025
Max Marks: 10 Date of Submission: 11/10/2025
Sl.
Module-1 Questions CO RBTL
No.
Define the following with Truth table
1 a) Conjunction b) Disjunction c) Conditional d) Exclusive Disjunction 1 1
e) Biconditional f) Tautology g) Converse, inverse and contrapositive;
Logical Implication
2 Define a) Open sentence b) Quantifiers c) Free variables d) Bound variable 1 1
3 Let p, q and r be proposition having truth values 0, 0 and 1 respectively. Find 1
the truth value of the following compound propositions:
(1) (p˅q)˅ r (2) (p˄q)˄ r (3) (p˄q) → r 1
(4) p→(q˄r) (5) p˄(r→q) (6) p→(q→(¬r))
4 Construct the truth table for the following compound proposition: 1 2
(a) (p˄q)→(¬r) (b) q˄((¬r)→p)
5 If a proposition q has the truth value 1, determine all truth value assignment 1
for the primitive propositions p, r and s for which the truth value of the 2
following compound proposition is 1.
[q→{(¬p˅r)˄¬s}]˄{¬s→(¬r˄q)}
6 Verify that for any three-proposition p, q, r the compound proposition 1
(a) [p→(q→r)]→[(p→q)→(p→r)]
(b) [(pvq) → r]↔[ ¬ r → ¬ (pvq)] 2
(c) [(p→q)˄(q→r)]→ (p→r)
(d) [(p˅q)˄{(p→r)˄ (q→r) }]→r is a Tautology.
7 Show that the truth values of the following compound proposition are 1
independent of the truth values of their components: 3
(a) {p˄(p→q)}→q
(b) (p→q)↔(¬p˅q)
8 Prove the following logical equivalence: 1
a) [p˅q˅(¬ p ˄¬ q˄r)]<=> (p˅q˅r) 2
b) (p→q) ˄ [¬ q ˄ (r ˅ ¬ q)] <=> ¬ (q˅p)
c) [(¬ p ˅ ¬ q)→ (p ˄ q ˄ r)] <=> p˄q
9 Mention The Laws of Logic and state Law for the Negation of a conditional. 1 1
10 Simplify the following compound proposition using laws of logic 1
a) ¬ [¬ {(p˅q) ˄ r} ˅ ¬ q] 2
b) (p˅q) ˄ [ ¬ {(¬ p) ˅ q}]
c) (p˅q) ˄ [ ¬ {(¬ p) ˄q}]
11 Let x be a specified number. Write down the negation of the following 1 1
proposition”
(a) “If x is not a real number, then it is not a rational number and not an
irrational number”.
(b) If I am awake, then I will work on the computer or read a novel
12 Prove the following logical equivalences without using truth tables: 1
(a) p˅[p˅(p˅q)]<=>p 2
(b) [p˅q˅(¬p˄¬q˄r)]<=>(p˅q˅r)
(c) [(¬p˅¬q)]→(p˄q˄r)<=>p˄q
13 (a) Find the converse, inverse and contra positive for “ Ɐx,(x>3)→(x 2>9)” 1
where universal set is real number R.
(b) Write down the contrapositive of[p→(q→r)] with 1
i) only one occurance of connective →;
ii) no occurance of connective →
14 Write dual, negation, converse, inverse and contrapositive of the statement 1
given below:
(a) If Kabir wears brown pant, then he will wear white shirt. 1
(b) If a triangle is not isosceles then it is not equilateral.
(c) If Ram can solve the puzzle, then Ram cam solve problem.
15 Define Rules of Inference and List all Rules established for validating an 1 1
argument.
16 Test for validity of following argument 1
a) If Ravi studies, then he will pass DMS.
If Ravi does not play cricket, then he will study.
Ravi failed in DMS.
⸫ Ravi played cricket.
b) If a Triangle has two equal sides, then it it isosceles.
If a Triangle is isosceles than it has two equal angles.
A certain Triangle ABC does not have two equal angles. 2
⸫ The triangle ABC does not have two equal sides.
c) If there is a strike by students, the examination will be postponed.
The exam was not posponed.
⸫ There was no strike.
d) I will become famous or Iwill not become a musician.
I will become a musician.
⸫ I will become famous.
17 Establish the validity of the following argyment: 1
a) p˅q b) p→q c) p→q
¬(p˅r) r→s r→s 2
¬r p˅r ¬q˅¬s
⸫q ⸫ q˅s ⸫ ¬(p˄r)
18 a) Let P(x): x2-7x+10=0, q(x): x2-2x-3=0, r(x): x<0. 1 2
Determine the truth or falsity of the following open statemen twhen the
universe U contains only the integers 2 and 5. If a statement is false,
provide a counterexample.
i) Ɐx, p(x) → ¬ r(x) ii) Ɐx,q(x) → r(x)
iii) Ǝx, q(x) → r(x) iv) Ǝx, p(x) → r(x)
b) Let p(x): x-8x+15=0, q(x): x is odd, r(x):x>0. With the set of all integers
as the universe. Determine the truth or falsity of each of the following
statements. If a statement is false, give a counterexample:
i) Ɐx,[q(x)→p(x)] ii) Ǝx,[p(x)→{q(x) ˄ r(x)}] iii) Ǝx,[r(x)→q(x)]
c) Determine the truth value of each of the following quantified statements;
let, p(x):x2-8x+15=0, q(x): x is odd, r(x): x>0
i) Ɐx,[p(x)→q(x)] ii) Ɐx,[q(x)→p(x)]
iii) Ǝx, [p(x)→q(x) iv) Ǝx, [q(x)→p(x)]
v) Ǝx, [r(x)→p(x)] vi) Ǝx, [p(x)→{q(x) ˄ r(x)}]
19 Test for validity of following argument are valid: 1
a) p → q b) (¬ p ˅ ¬q) → (r ˄ s) c) ¬ p ↔q
r→s r→t q→ r 2
p ˅r ¬t ¬r
⸫q˅s ⸫p ⸫p
20 By the principle of M.I prove that,
(a) 12+22+32+…………+n2=n(n+1)(2n+1)/6
(b) 12+32+52+…………+(2n-1)2=n(2n+1)(2n-1)/3 2 2
(c) Prove by mathematical induction that, for every positive integer n, 5
divides n5-n.
Course coordinator Name & Sign HoD
Mrs. Nivedita H
Mrs. Amulya M P
