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MAHESH TUTORIALS

SCIENCE

FOR GRT BATCH (CHEMISTRY)

Chapter 1
Chemical Reactions and Equations
Q.I. Choose the correct alternative : (1 mark each)
1. Some crystals of copper sulphate were dissolved in water. The colour
of the solution obtained would be
(a) green (b) red
(c) blue (d) brown.
Ans. (c) blue
2. When dilute HCl is added to zinc pieces taken in a test tube
(a) No change takes place
(b) the colour of the solution becomes yellow.
(c) A pungent smelling gas gets liberated.
(d) small bubbles of H2 gas appear on the surface of zinc pieces
Ans. (d) small bubbles of H2 gas appear on the surface of zinc pieces
3. PbS reacts with ozone (O3) and forms PbSO4. As per the balanced
equation, molecules of ozone required for every one molecule of PbS is
/are
(a) 4 (b) 3
(c) 2 (d) 1
Ans. (a) 4
4. Chemically rust is
(a) Hydrated ferrous oxide (b) Hydrated ferric oxide
(c) Only ferric oxide (d) None of these
Ans. (b) hydrated ferric oxide
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5. Which of the following reactions is not correct

(a) Zn + CuSO4 → ZnSO4 + Cu
(b) 2Ag + Cu(NO3)2 → 2AgNO3 + Cu
(c) Fe + CuSO4 → FeSO4 + Cu
(d) Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
Ans. (b) 2Ag + Cu(NO3)2 → 2AgNO3 + Cu
6. Copper displaces which of the following metals from its salt solution:
(a) ZnSO4 (b) FeSO4
(c) AgNO3 (d) NiSO4
Ans. (c) AgNO3
7. In an electrolytic cell where electrolysis is carried, anode has:
(a) Positive change
(b) Negative charge
(c) Connected to negative terminal of the battery
(d) None of these is correct.
Ans. (a) Positive change
8. The reaction H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl represents :
(a) Oxidation (b) Reduction
(c) Decomposition (d) Combination
Ans. (d) Combination
9. In the reaction PbO + C → Pb + CO
(a) Pbo is oxidised
(b) C act as an oxidising agent
(c) C act as a reduction agent
(d) Reaction does not represent redox reaction.
Ans. (c) C act as a reduction agent
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10. A substance which oxidizes itself and reduces other is known as

(a) Oxidising agent (b) reducing agent
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these.
Ans. (b) reducing agent
11. Take about 5 ml of dil. HCl in a test tube and add a few pieces of fine
zinc granules to it. Which gas is evolved?
(a) Chlorine (b) Hydrogen
(c) HCl (d) Nitrogen
Ans. (b) Hydrogen
12. Dissolving sugar is an example of
(a) Physical change (b) Chemical change
(c) Redox Reaction (d) None of these.
Ans. (a) Physical change
13. Heat is evolved during
(a) Endothermic Reaction (b) Displacement Reaction
(c) Combustion Reaction (d) Combination Reaction
Ans. (c) Combustion Reaction
14. Which of the following is not a balanced equation?
(a) Fe + Cl2 → FeCl3
(b) Mg + CuSO4 → MgSO4 + Cu
(c) NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O
(d) Zn + S → ZnS
Ans. (a) Fe + Cl2 → FeCl3
15. The reaction between lead nitrate and potassium iodide present in
aqueous solutions is an example of
(a) Decomposition Reaction (b) Displacement Reaction
(c) Double Displacement Reaction (d) Neutralisation Reaction
Ans. (c) Double Displacement Reaction
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16. What happens when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to iron filling?
Tick the correct answer
(a) Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced.
(b) Chlorine gas and iron hydroxide are produced
(c) No reaction takes place
(d) Iron salt and water are produced
Ans. (a) Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced.

[Link]. Answer the following : (2 marks each)

1. Identify the type of chemical reaction
(i) A→A+B
(ii) AB + CD → AD + CB
Ans. (i) Decomposition reaction
(ii) Double displacement reaction
2. Why does not silver evolve hydrogen on reacting with dil H2SO4?
Ans. Silver do not evolve hydrogen on reacting with dil. H2SO4 as silver is
less reactive metal than hydrogen.
3. Way do diamond and graphite, the two allotropic forms of carbon evolve
different amounts of heat on combustion?
Ans. Diamond and graphite are the two allotropes of carbon but they do not
evolve same amount of heat on combustion because they differ in the
arrangement of carbon atoms and also their shapes are different.
4. What is the role of oxidizing agent in a reaction?
Ans. The oxidizing agent supply the oxygen in a reaction or it removes the
hydrogen.
5. What happens chemically when quick lime is added to water?
Ans. When quick lime is added to water, calcium hydroxide (slaked lime)
is formed with a hissing sound and lot of heat is evolved during the
reaction. The reaction involved is
CaO(s) + H2O (Quick Lime) → Ca (OH)2(s) + Heat (Slaked Lime)
6. Why a combustion reaction an oxidation reaction?
Ans. Combustion reaction is an oxidation reaction because it is always carried
out in the presence of air or oxygen for e.g. CH4(g) + 202(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(1)
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7. Why are food particle preferably packed in aluminum foil?

Ans. Aluminium foil do not corrode in atmosphere even if kept for a long time
because a protective coating of aluminium oxide (Al2O3) is formed on
the surface of the foil and stops any further reaction of the metal with
air and water thus food particles do not get spoiled.
8. What happens to lime water when CO2 gas is bubbled through it in
excess?
Ans. When CO2 gas is bubbled through lime water in excess then initially it
becomes milky but then its milkiness disappears.
9. Why is a Combustion reaction an oxidation reaction?
Ans. Combustion is an oxidation reaction as it is always carried out in the
presence of oxygen.
For eg → CH4+2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
10. Identify the type of chemical reaction
(i) A+B→C
(ii) A + BC → AC+B
(iii) Combination reaction
Ans. (ii) Displacement reaction
11. Why cannot a chemical change be normally reversed?
Ans. Chemical change cannot be reversed back because products so formed
in a chemical reaction are totally different from the reactants.
12. Identify the substance oxidized and reduced in the reaction.
CuO(s) + Zn(s) → ZnO(s) + Cu(s)
Ans. The substance oxidized is Zinc to Zinc oxide and the copper oxide get’s
reduced to copper.
13. A student took 2-3 g of a substance X in a glass beaker & poured water
over it slowly. He observed bubbles along with hissing noise. The beaker
becomes quite hot. Identify X. What type of reaction is it?
Ans. X = Calcium oxide (Quick lime), Combination reaction.
14. A substance X used for coating iron articles is added to a blue solution
of a reddish brown metal Y, the color of the solution gets discharged
Identify X and Y & also the type of reaction.
Ans. X= Fe, Y = Cu, Displacement reaction.
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15. A student burnt a metal A found in the form of ribbon. The ribbon burnt
with a dazzling Flame & a white powder B is formed which is basic in
nature. Identify A & B. Write the Balanced chemical equation.
Ans. A = Mg, B = MgO, Mg + O2 → 2MgO
16. Why should a magnesium ribbon be cleaned before burning in air?
Ans. Magnesium ribbon is cleaned before burning to remove the protective
layer of basic magnesium carbonate from the surface of magnesium
ribbon.
17. Write the balanced chemical equation with state symbols for the following
reactions?
Ans. Balance chemical reaction with state symbols are as follows -
i. BaCl2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2NaCl(aq)
ii. NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O
iii. ZnO(s) + Cu → CuO(s)+ Zn(s)
18. A solution of a substance ‘X’ is used for white washing copper.
i. Name the substance ‘X’ and writes its formula.
ii. Write the reaction of the substance ‘X’ named in
Ans. (i) The substance whose solution in water is used for white washing
is calcium oxide and its formula is CaO.
(ii) CaO(s) + H2O → Ca(OH)2(s)
19. Which of the following statement about the reaction below are incorrect?
2PbO(s) + C(s) → 2Pb(s) + CO2(g)
(a) Lead is getting reduced.
(b) Carbon dioxide is getting oxidized.
(c) Carbon is getting oxidized.
(d) Lead oxide is getting reduced.
i. (a) and (b)
ii. (a) and (c)
iii. (a), (b) and (c)
iv. All
Ans. As statement (a) and (b) are incorrect, answer (i) is correct.
20. In refining of silver, the recovery of silver from silver nitrate solution
involved displacement by copper metal. Write down the reaction involved.
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Ans. The reaction involved is:

Cu(s) + 2AgNO3(aq) → Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2Ag(s)
21. What do you mean by a precipitation reaction? Explain by giving
examples.
Ans. A chemical reaction in which an insoluble substance (precipitate) is
formed is called precipitation reaction. For example
AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)
22. A shiny brown coloured element ‘X’ on heating in air becomes black in
colour. Name the element ‘X’ and the black coloured compound formed.
Ans. The brown coloured element ‘X’ is copper. On heating in air it forms
copper oxide, which is black in colour.
2Cus + O2 → 2CuO
23. Why do we apply paint on iron articles?
Ans. We apply paint on iron articles to prevent rusting. Painted iron articles
do not come in contact of atmospheric oxygen and moisture and thus
the rusting is prevented.
24. Oil and fat containing food items are flushed with nitrogen. Why?
Ans. Oil and fat containing items get rancid due to oxidation with atmospheric
oxygen. To prevent rancidity food items are flushed with nitrogen.
Nitrogen do not reacts with oil and fat containing items.
Chapter 2
Acids, Bases and Salts
1. An acid can react with
(a) AgCl (b) Na2CO3
(c) PbSO4 (d) Na2SO4
Ans. (b) Na2CO3
2. Which of the following gives CO2, on heating?
(a) Slaked (b) Quick lime
(c) Lime stone (d) Soda ash.
Ans. (c) Lime stone
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3. Plaster of Paris is made from

(a) Lime stone (b) Slaked Lime
(c) Quick lime (d) Gypsum
Ans. (d) Gypsum
4. Which is a base and not alkali?
(a) NaOH (b) KOH
(c) Fe(OH)3 (d) None
Ans. (c) Fe(OH)3
5. Chemical formula of baking soda is
(a) MgSO4 (b) Na2CO2
(c) NaHCO3 (d) MgCO3
Ans. (c) NaHCO3
6. The H+ ion concentration of a solution is 1.0 × 10-5 m. The solution is
(a) Acidic (b) Alkaline
(c) Neutral (d) Amphoteric
Ans. (a) Acidic
7. An aqueous solution with pH-zero is
(a) Acidic (b) Alkaline
(c) Neutral (d) Amphoteric
Ans. (a) Acidic
8. Setting of Plaster of Paris takes place due to
(a) Oxidation (b) Reduction
(c) Dehydration (d) Hydration
Ans. (d) Hydration
9.
The difference of water molecules in gypsum and Plaster of Paris is
5
(a) (b) 2
2

1 3
(c) (d)
2 2

3
Ans. (d)
2
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10. The odour of acetic acid resembles that of

(a) Rose (b) Burning Plastic
(c) Vinegar (d) Kerosene
Ans. (c) Vinegar
11. Washing soda has the formula
(a) Na2CO3.7H2O (b) Na2CO3.10H2O
(c) Na2CO3.H2O (d) Na2CO3
Ans. (b) Na2CO3.10H2O
12. Plaster of Paris hardens by
(a) Giving off CO2 (b) Changing into CaCO3
(c) Combining with water (d) Giving out water
Ans. (c) Combining with water
13. Which of the following is evolved when Na2CO3 is heated?
(a) CO2 (b) CO
(c) O2 (d) NO
Ans. (a) CO2
14. A drop of liquid sample was put on the pH paper, paper turned blue.
The liquid sample must be of
(a) Lemon Juice (b) HCl
(c) Sodium bicarbonate (d) Ethanoic acid.
Ans. (c) Sodium bicarbonate
15. If pH of solution is 13, it means that it is
(a) Weakly acidic (b) Weakly basic
(c) Strongly acidic (d) Strongly Basic
Ans. (d) Strongly Basic
16. How is concentration of hydronium ions (H3O+) affected when a solution
of acid is diluted?
Ans. Concentration of hydronium ions decreased when the solution of an
acid is diluted.
17. What effect does the concentration of H+ ions have on the nature of the
solution?
Ans. Higher the concentration of H+ ions, greater is the acidic nature of the
solution.
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18. What effect does the concentration of H+ ions have on the nature of the
solution?
Ans. Higher the concentration of H+ ions, greater is the acidic nature of the
solution.
19. What is the common name of the compound CaOCl2?
Ans. Bleaching powder.
20. Name the substance which on treatment with chlorine yields bleaching
powder.
Ans. Slaked lime or calcium hydroxide.
21. Name the sodium compound which is used for softening hard water.
Ans. Sodium carbonate is used for softening hard water.
22. A solution turns red litmus blue, its pH is likely to be
(a) 1 (b) 4
(c) 5 (d) 10
Ans. (d) 10
23. A solution reacts with crushed egg-shells to give a gas that turns lime-
water milky. The solution contains
(a) NaCl (b) HCl
(c) LiCl (d) KCI
Ans. (b) HCl
24. 10 mL of a solution of NaOH is found to be completely neutralized by
8 mL of a given solution of HCl. If we take 20 mL of same solution of
NaOH, the amount of HCl solution required to neutralize it will be
(a) 4 mL (b) 8 mL
(c) 12 mL (d) 16 mL
Ans. (d) 16 mL
25. Which one of the following types of medicines is used for treating
indigestion?
(a) Antibiotics (b) Analgesic
(c) Antacid (d) Antiseptic
Ans. (c) Antacid
26. Five solutions A, B, C, D and E when tested with universal indicators
showed pH as 4, 1, 11, 7 and 9 respectively. Which solution is:
(a) neutral? (b) strongly alkaline?
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(c) strongly acidic (d) weakly acidic?

(e) weakly alkaline
Ans. (a) D
(b) C
(c) B
(d) A
(e) E
27. ‘A’ is a soluble acidic oxide and ‘B’ is a soluble base. Compared to pH
of pure water. What will be the pH of (a) solution of A (b) solution of B?
Ans. pH of A will be less than 7 and that of B will be more than 7.

II. Answer the following : (2 marks each)

1. What happens to the crystals of washing soda when exposed to air?
air
Ans. Na2CO3.10H2O Na2CO3. H2O + 9H2O
Washing soda (White Crystals) → Washing Power(White power)
Washing soda undergoes efflorescence.
2. What is the chemical name of washing soda? Name three raw materials
used in making washing soda by Solvay process?
Ans. Chemical name - Sodium carbonate decahydrate Na2CO3.10H2O
Raw materials - Brine, Lime stone, Ammonia
3. What is efflorescence? Give an example?
Ans. It in the process of the loss of molecules of water of crystallization from
a substance when exposed to air for example
air
Na2CO3.10H2O Na2CO3.H2O + 9H2O
Washing soda(White Crystals) → Washing Power(White power)
4. Why is sodium hydrogen carbonate an essential ingredient in antacids?
Ans. Sodium hydrogen carbonate is an essential ingredient in antacids
because it neutralizes the effect HCl which is released in the stomach.
So it is called as an antacid
NaHCO3 + HCl → NaCl + H2O + CO2
5. Give the name and formula of two
(i) strong monobasic acids
(ii) two weak dibasic acids
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Ans. (i) Hydrochloric acid (HCl), Nitric acid (HNO3).

(ii) Carbonic acid (H2CO3), oxalic acid (C2H4O4).
6. Why alkalis like sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide should not
be left exposed to air?
Ans. Alkalis should not be left exposed to air because they are hygroscopic
in nature and absorb moisture from atmosphere in which they get
dissolved.
7. Dry ammonia has no action on litmus paper but a solution of ammonia
in water turns red litmus paper blue. Why is it so?
Ans. In dry state Ammonia contains no hydroxyl ions. On dissolving in water,
it forms NH4OH which dissociates to give NH4+ and OH+ ions. Thus
solution becomes basic and turns red litmus paper blue.
NH3(g) + H2O(l) → NH4OH(aq)
NH4OH(aq) → NH4+(aq) + OH-(aq)
8. Bleaching powder forms a milky solution in water. Explain.
Ans. When bleaching powder gets dissolved in water, the solution turns milky
due to the formation of Ca(OH)2
CaOCl2 + H2O → Ca(OH)2 + 2HCl (Bleaching powder)
9. Why does not an acid show any acidic behavior is the absence of water?
Ans. An acid gets ionized only in aqueous solution which means in the
presence of water. Also it releases H+ ions and show acidic behavior in
the presence of water
10. Fresh milk has a pH of 6. What will be the pH value if milk changes into
a curd Justify.
Ans. When milk changes into a curd, its pH value decreases i.e. lactose
gets converted into lactic acid. As more of acid is formed, its pH value
decreases.
11. What is the relation between hydrogen ion concentration of an aqueous
solution and pH?
Ans. pH = -log10[H+] Where H+ is hydrogen ion concentration
12. How will you show that acetic acid is monobasic acid
Ans. When acetic acid reacts with NaOH solution only one H atom of the acid
gets replaced which shows acetic acid is a monobasic acid.
CH2COOH + NaOH → CH3COONa + H2O
13. Why should curd and sour substance not be kept in brass and copper
vessels.
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Ans. Brass and copper vessels contain copper and zinc metal that reacts with
acids present in curd and sour substance forming soluble salts. These
salts are poisonous in nature and make curd unfit for consumption.
14. Which gas is usually liberated when an acid reacts with a metal?
Illustrate with an example. How will you test for the presence of this
gas?
Ans. Usually hydrogen gas is liberated when an acid reacts with a metal. For
example
Zn + Cl2 → ZnCl2 + H2
When a burning candle or matchstick is bought near hydrogen gas it
burns with pop sound.
15. Why does an aqueous solution of an acid conduct electricity?
Ans. Electricity is conducted in a solution by ions. Acid release H+ ions in a
solution so, it conducts electricity.
16. Why does dry HCl gas not change the colour of the dry litmus paper?
Ans. Colour of litmus paper changes only when it come in contact of H+ ions
and H+ ions is produced only when HCl gas comes in contact with water.
Therefore, dry HCI do not change the colour of dry litmus paper.
17. While diluting an acid, why it is recommended that the acid should be
added to water and not water to the acid?
Ans. Addition of water to acid is an exothermic reaction. If we add water
to acid lot of heat is produced that may break the glass container or
splashes to burn the person adding it. But when acid is added to water
with constant stirring, the heat produced is absorbed by water and no
harm occurs.
18. How is concentration of hydroxide ions (OH–) affected when excess base
is dissolved in a solution of sodium hydroxide?
Ans. Excess base dissolved in a solution of sodium hydroxide will release
more hydroxide (OH–) ions. Therefore, concentration of hydroxide ions
(OH–) will increase.
19. Do basic solutions also have H+ ions? If yes, then why are these basic?
Ans. Acidic and basic solutions both have H+ ions. The difference is that
in acids H+ ions concentration is more than OH– ions concentration
while in basic solution OH– ions concentration is more than H+ ions
concentration.
20. Do basic solutions also have H+ ions? If yes, then why are these basic?
Ans. Acidic and basic solutions both have H+ ions. The difference is that
in acids H+ ions concentration is more than OH– ions concentration
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while in basic solution OH– ions concentration is more than H+ ions

concentration.
21. You have two solutions ‘A’ and ‘B’. The pH of solution ‘A’ is 6 and pH of
solution ‘B’ is 8. Which solution has more hydrogen ions concentration?
Which is acidic and which one is basic?
Ans. A solution having pH less than 7 is acidic and that having pH more than
7 is basic. So, solution ‘A’ is acid and ‘B’ is basic. Naturally ‘A ‘which is
acidic has greater concentration of hydrogen ions concentrations.
22. What will happen if a solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate is heated?
Give the equation of reaction involved.
Ans. Sodium hydrogen carbonate solution on heating gives sodium carbonate,
carbon dioxide and water.
2NaHCO3 + heat → Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O
23. Write an equation to show the reaction between plaster of Paris and
water.
Ans. The reaction between plaster of Paris and water is as follows:
CaSO4.½ H2O + 3/2 H2O → CaSO4.2H2O
24. Why does distilled water not conduct electricity, whereas rain water
does?
Ans. Rain water contains small amount of acid because of which it conducts
electricity. Distilled water is pure water. It does not contain ions.
Therefore, it does not conduct electricity.
25. Why do acids not show acidic behavior in the absence of water?
Ans. Acids produce hydrogen ions or hydronium ions only in presence of
water. Therefore, it shows acidic behavior only presence of water.
26. Equal lengths of magnesium ribbons are taken in test tubes A and B.
hydrochloric acid is added to test tube A, while acetic acid is added to
test B. In which test tube will the fizzing occur more vigorously and
why?
Ans. HCl is stronger acid than CH3COOH. Therefore, H+ ions concentration
in test tube A will be more than that in test tube B. hence, reaction will
take place faster in test tube A than in test tube B. so, fizzing will occur
more vigorously in test tube B.
27. Fresh milk has a pH of 6. How do you think the pH will change as it
turns into curd? Explain your answer.
Ans. Bacteria change the fresh milk into curd by producing lactic acid.
Because of the presence of lactic acid in curd, the pH will come down
from 6 to lower value.
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28. Plaster of Paris should be stored in moisture-proof container. Explain

why?
Ans. Plaster of Paris reacts with moisture to form gypsum and sets to a hard
mass. Therefore, it should be stored in moisture-proof container.
29. Kazi and priyam want to prepare dil H2SO4. Kazi added conc. H2SO4 to
water slowly with Constant stirring & cooling whereas Priyam added
water to conc, H2SO4. Name the Student Who was correct and why?
Ans. Kazi was correct. If water is added to a concentrated acid, the heat
generated may cause the Mixture to splash out and cause burns. The
glass container may also break due to excessive local heating.
30. A first aid manual suggests that vinegar should be used to treat wasp
sting and baking soda for bee stings.
(i) What does this information tell you about the chemical nature of
the wasp stings
(ii) If there is no baking soda in the house, what other household
substance could you use to treat bee stings?
Ans. (i) Since vinegar (acetic acid) is used to heal or neutralize the effect of
wasp stings This means that the chemical present in the stings
must be some base.
(ii) NH4OH
31. A compound ‘X’ on electrolysis in aqueous solution produces a strong
base. ‘Y’ along with two gases ‘A’ and ‘B’. ‘B’ is used in manufacture of
bleaching powder. Identify X, Y, A and B. Write chemical equations.
Ans. 2NaCl(aq) + 2H2O(1) → 2NaOH(aq) + Cl2(g) + H2(g)
X Y B A
32. A yellow powder X gives a pungent smell if left open in air. It is prepared
by the Reaction of dry compound Y with chlorine gas. It is used for
disinfecting drinking Water. Identify X and Y. and write the reaction
involved.
Ans. Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 → CaOCl2 + H2O
Y X
33. A few drops of phenolphthalein indicator were added to an unknown
solution A. It Acquired pink colour. Now another unknown solution B
was added to it drop by Drop and the solution becomes colorless. Predict
the nature of A & B.
Ans. Sol ‘A’ is basic in nature as phenolphthalein has imparted pink colour
to it. Sol ‘B’ is an acid it has made solution A colourless by neutralizing
by its basic effect.
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Chapter 3
Metals and Non-Metals
Q.I. Choose the correct alternative : (1 mark each)
1. A mineral is known as ore if metal
(a) Cannot be produced from it
(b) Can be produced from it
(c) Can be extracted from it profitably
(d) Is very costly
Ans. (c) Can be extracted from it profitably
2. The earthy impurities associated with mineral used in metallurgy are
called
(a) Slag (b) Flux
(c) Gangue (d) Ore
Ans. (c) Gangue
3. A basic lining is given to a furnace by using
(a) Calcined dolomite (b) Copper sulphate
(c) Haematite (d) Silica
Ans. (a) Calcined dolomite
4. Malachite is an ore of:
(a) Iron (b) Copper
(c) Mercury (d) Zinc
Ans. (b) Copper
5. Metal always found in free state is:
(a) Gold (b) Silver
(c) Copper (d) Sodium
Ans. (a) Gold
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6. A process employed for the concentration of sulphide ore is

(a) Froth floatation (b) Roasting
(c) electrolysis (d) bessemerisation
Ans. (a) Froth floatation
7. The slag obtained during the extraction of copper pyrites is composed
mainly of
(a) Cu2S (b) FeSiO3
(c) CuSiO3 (d) SiO2
Ans. (b) FeSiO3
8. The common method for extraction of metals from the oxide ore is
(a) Reduction with carbon
(b) reduction with hydrogen
(c) reduction with aluminium
(d) electrolytic method
Ans. (a) Reduction with carbon
9. An iron nail was suspended in CuSO4 solution and kept for a while,
the solution
(a) remained blue and coating was found on the nail.
(b) turned green and a coating was formed on the nail
(c) remained blue and no coating was formed on the nail
(d) turned green and no coating was formed on the nail
Ans. (b) turned green and a coating was formed on the nail
10. The sulphide ore among the following is
(a) haematite (b) bauxite
(c) argentite (d) zinc blende
Ans. (d) zinc blende
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11. Chemically rust is

(a) Hydrated ferrous oxide (b) Hydrated ferric oxide
(c) only ferric oxide (d) none of these
Ans. (b) Hydrated ferric oxide
12. Heating pyrites to remove sulphur is called
(a) Smelting (b) Calcination
(c) Liquation (d) Roasting
Ans. (d) Roasting
13. An alloy of tin and lead is
(a) Solder (b) Bronze
(c) Brass (d) Bell metal
Ans. (a) Solder
14. Some crystals of CuSO4 were dissolved in water. The color of the solution
obtained would be
(a) Green (b) Red
(c) Blue (d) Brown
Ans. (c) Blue
15. Most abundant metal on the surface of the earth
(a) Iron (b) Aluminium
(c) Calcium (d) Sodium
Ans. (b) Aluminium
16. Electrolytic refining is used for the
(a) Concentration of an ore (b) Reduction of metal oxide
(c) Purification of metal (d) Purification of an ore
Ans. (c) Purification of metal
17. Which of the following processes is used for the concentration of
Bauxite (AI2O3.2H2O)
(a) Froth floatation (b) Leaching
(c) Liquation (d) Magnetic separation
Ans. (b) Leaching
 ... 19 ...

18. During smelting, an additional substance is added which combines

with impurities to form a fusible product. It is known as
(a) Slag (b) Mud
(c) Gangue (d) Flux
Ans. (d) Flux
19. The lustre of a metal is due to
(a) its high density (b) its high polishing
(c) its chemical inertness (d) Presence of free electrons.
Ans. (d) Presence of free electrons.
20. In the thermite process, the reducing agent is
(a) Nickel (b) Zinc
(c) Sodium (d) Aluminium
Ans. (d) Aluminium
21. In addition to iron, stainless steel contains:
(a) nickel and chromium (b) Copper and tin
(c) aluminium and magnesium (d) Carbon and magnesium
Ans. (a) nickel and chromium
22. The correct decreasing order of the metals in the activity series is:
(a) Ca, Mg, Ni, Fe (b) Ni, Ca, Mg, Fe
(c) Ca, Mg, Fe, Ni (d) Mg, Ca, Fe, Ni
Ans. (c) Ca, Mg, Fe, Ni
23. Which of the following oxides is amphoteric in nature?
(a) Na2O (b) MgO
(c) CaO (d) Al2O3
Ans. (d) Al2O3
24. A student adds one big iron nail each in four test tubes containing
solution of zinc sulphate, aluminium sulphate, copper sulphate
and iron sulphate. A reddish brown coating was observed only on the
surface of iron nail which was added in the solution of:
(a) Zinc sulphate (b) Iron sulphate
(c) copper sulphate (d) Aluminium sulphate
Ans. (c) copper sulphate
 ... 20 ...

25. Iron nail clipped in a solution kept in a test tube. After half an hour
it was observed that the colour of the solution was changed. The
solution in test tube was that of:
(a) Zinc sulphate (b) Copper sulphate
(c) Iron sulphate (d) Aluminium sulphate
Ans. (b) Copper sulphate
26. Name two metals which are found in nature in the free state.
Ans. Gold and Platinum
27. What chemical process is used for obtaining a metal from its
oxide?
Ans. A metal is obtained from its oxide by the process of reduction.
28. Which of the following pairs will give displacement reactions?
(a) NaCl solution and copper metal
(b) MgCI2 solution and aluminum
(c) FeSO4 solution and silver metal
(d) AgNO3 solution and copper
Ans. (d) AgNO3 solution and copper
29. Which of the following method is suitable for preventing an iron fry
pan from rusting?
(a) Applying grease (b) applying paint
(c) Applying coating of zinc (d) All of the above
Ans. (c) Applying coating of zinc
30. An element reacts with oxygen to give a compound with a high
melting point. This compound is also soluble in water. The element
is likely to be
(a) Calcium (b) Carbon
(c) Silicon (d) Iron
Ans. (a) Calcium
31. Food cans are coated with tin and not zinc because
(a) Zinc is costlier than tin
(b) Zinc has higher melting point
(c) Zinc is more reactive than tin
(d) Zinc is less reactive than tin
 ... 21 ...

Ans. (c) Zinc is more reactive than tin

32. What types of oxides are formed when non-metals combine with
oxygen?
Ans. Acidic oxides are formed when non-metals combine with oxygen.
33. Royal water is prepared by mixing two acids ‘A’ and ‘B’. It can dissolve
gold and platinum. It is highly corrosive and fuming liquid. Identify
‘A’ and ‘B’. What is the ratio in which ‘A’ and ‘B’ are mixed.
Ans. ‘A’ is concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl).
‘B’ is concentrated nitric acid (HNO3)
The ratio in which ‘A’ and ‘B’ are mixed is 3:1.
[Link]. Answer the following : (2 marks each)

3. Why do ionic compounds have high melting points ?

Ans. In the formation of ionic compounds, positive ions (cations) and
negative ions (anions) participate. These are closely packed and
the ionic compounds exists as crystalline solids. They have strong
inter-ionic forces of attraction and have high melting and boiling
points.
 ... 22 ...

6. What type of oxide is formed when nonmetals combine

with oxygen?

Ans. Platinum, Gold and silver are placed at the bottom of the activity
series and are very little reactive in nature and are known as
noble metals. They are not even affected by air, water and even by
chemicals. Since they have bright lustre and they are malleable
& ductile, we can use them for making jewellery.
 ... 23 ...

Ans. Copper is used to make hot water tanks because it is good conductor
of heat than steel.

Ans. Galvanisation means coating the surface of iron metal with zinc.
Since in activity series zinc lies above iron, zinc is more reactive than iron.
When the coating is scratched, zinc corrodes preferentially (sacrificially),
protecting the iron from rusting.

H+ + e– → H

Therefore, hydrogen gas is not evolved when copper reacts with dilute
acid (H2SO4).
 ... 24 ...

reacting

form
... 25 ...
 ... 26 ...

32. A metal acts as a good reducing agent. It reduces Fe2O3 and MnO2.
The reaction with Fe2O3 is used for welding broken railway tracks. Identify
the metal and write all the chemical reactions.

33. A yellow coloured powder ‘X’ is soluble in carbon disulfide. It burns

with a blue flame fanning suffocating smelling gas which turns moist blue
litmus red. Identify ‘X’ and give chemical reaction. Identify if it is metal or
non metal.
Ans. ‘X’ is sulphur
S + O2 → SO2
It is non-metal
 ... 27 ...

36. An element X on reacting with O2 forms X oxide which dissolves in

water and turns blue litmus paper red. Predict the nature of element
whether it is a metal or a non metal.
 ... 28 ...

37. An element E combines with O2 to form an oxide E2O which is a good conductor
of electricity. Answer the following :

E ECl

Chapter 4
Carbon and Compounds
1. Soaps are formed by the saponification of
(a) Alcohols (b) simple ester
(c) carboxylic acids (d) glycerides
Ans. (d) glycerides
2. The functional group of butanone is
(a) Carboxyl (b) ketonic
(c) aldehydic (d) alcoholic
Ans. (b) ketonic
3. Enzyme which converts starch into glucose is
(a) Zymase (b) Maltase
(c) Diastase (d) Invertase
Ans. (c) Diastase
4. The first organic compound to be prepared from inorganic compound
in the laboratory was
(a) Methane (b) Ethyl alcohol
(c) acetic acid (d) Urea
Ans. (d) Urea
5. The IUPAC name of CH3CHO is
(a) Acetaldehyde (b) Formaldehyde
(c) Methyl formaldehyde (d) Ethanal.
Ans. (d) Ethanal
 ... 29 ...

6. Rectified spirit is
(a) 50% ethanol (b) 80% ethanol
(c) 95% ethanol (d) 40 to 50% ethanol
Ans. (c) 95% ethanol
7. Dilute alkaline KMnO4 solution is
(a) an oxidising agent (b) a reducing agent
(c) a bleaching agent (d) none of these
Ans. (a) an oxidising agent
8. The by product in soap industry is
(a) Isoprene (b) Ethylene glycol
(c) glycerol (d) butane
Ans. (c) glycerol
9. An example of soap is
(a) C15H31COONa (b) CH3COONa
(c) C6H5COONa (d) C17H35OSO3Na
Ans. (a) CH3COONa
10. The number of C-H bonds in ethane C2H6 molecule are
(a) 4 (b) 6
(c) 8 (d) 10
Ans. (b) 6
11. The odour of acetic acid resembles that of
(a) Rose (b) Burning Plastic
(c) Vinegar (d) Kerosene
Ans. (c) Vinegar
12. Diamond is not a good conductor of electricity because
(a) It is very hard
(b) Its structure is very compact
(c) It is not soluble in water
(d) It has no free electrons to conduct electric current.
Ans. (d) It has no free electrons to conduct electric current.
 ... 30 ...

13. Alcohols can be produced by the hydration of

(a) Alkenes (b) alkynes
(c) alkanes (d) acids
Ans. (a) Alkenes
14. The IUPAC name of CH3CHO is
(a) Acetaldehyde (b) formaldehyde
(c) methyl formaldehyde (d) ethanol
Ans. (d) ethanol
15. IUPAC name of first member of homologous series of ketones is
(a) Ethanone (b) methanone
(c) Propanone (d) Butanone
Ans. (c) Propanone
16. An unknown compound has the smell of vinegar. Identify it.
Ans. Acetic acid
17. Out of butter and groundnut oil which is unsaturated in nature?
Ans. Groundnut oil
18. Which has triple bond, C2H4, C3H4, C3H6
Ans. C3H4
19. Which substance is added for the denaturation of ethyl alcohol
Ans. Methyl Alcohol
20. Which ions are responsible for making water hard?
Ans. Ca2+ and Mg2+
21. Ethane, with the molecular formula C2H6 has
(a) 6 covalent bonds (b) 7 covalent bonds
(c) 8 covalent bonds (d) 9 covalent bonds
Ana. (b) 7 covalent bonds
22. Butanone is a four carbon compound with the functional group
(a) carboxylic acid (b) aldehyde
(c) ketone (d) alcohol
Ans. (c) Ketone
 ... 31 ...

23. While cooking, if the bottom of the vessels is getting blackened on the
outside, it means that
(a) the food is not cooked completely.
(b) the fuel is not burning completely.
(c) the fuel is wet.
(d) the fuel is burning completely.
Ans. (b) the fuel is not burning completely.
24. Which of the following hydrocarbons undergo addition reactions?
C2H6‚ C3H8‚ C3H6, C2H2 and CH4
Ans. C3H6 and C2H2, will undergo addition reactions.

II. Answer the following : (2 marks each)

... 32 ...
 ... 33 ...

Pent-1-yne
... 34 ...
 ... 35 ...

Ans. (i) Bromomethane

(ii) Methanal
(iii) Hexyne
 ... 36 ...

27. An organic compound P with molecular formula C2H6O is an active ingredient

of all alcoholic drinks. It is also used in medicines such as tincture iodine, cough
syrups. Identify ‘P’. Drop a small piece of sodium into the test tube containing ‘P’.
A new compound ‘Q’ is formed with the evaluation of colourless and odourless gas.
Name the gas evolved and compound ‘Q’, write the chemical reaction.
Ans. ‘P’ is Ethanol
‘Q’ is sodium ethaoxide
The gas evolved is hydrogen gas.
2Na + 2CH3CH2OH → 2CH3CH2O–Na+ + H2
(Ethanol) (Sodium ethaoxide) Hydrogen
‘P’ ‘Q’

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