Civil Service Institute, Burao Center

Course: Introduction to Management

22 November
2024

Instructor: Mustafe S. Bashe (BSc MLT, BPPM, MPH CN, PG in Research &
Statistics, PG in M&E.)
1 Email: mbashe023@[Link]
 Course Objectives – Introduction to Managements

➢ The general objective of this course is to equip students with basic

knowledge and skills of management and leadership by exposing
them to the theories, principles and practices of management.

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 Course Content

⚫ Chapter 1: Management an Overview

⚫ Chapter 2: The development of management thought
⚫ Chapter 3: Managers and Their Environment
⚫ Chapter 4: Planning and Decision making
⚫ Chapter 5: Organizing
⚫ Chapter 6: Staffing/Human Resource
⚫ Chapter 7: Directing
⚫ Chapter 8: Controlling
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 Method of Evaluation

✓ Individual assignments; (15%).

✓ Group assignment; (15%).
✓ Midterm Exam; (20%)
✓ Final examination; (40%).
✓ Attendance; (10%)

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 Students are expected to:

⚫ Participate actively in classroom exercises

⚫ Attend class regularly, on time and remain the entire class period.
⚫ Stay abreast of all reading assigned in the course syllabus.
⚫ Submit required assignment(s) on time.
⚫ Assume responsibility for their own learning.
⚫ Respect for the values, beliefs and opinions of all students.
⚫ Adhere strictly to standards of academic honesty

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 Chapter one: Introduction

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 what is
management?

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 Definition of management

⚫ Management is what managers does

⚫ Management is the process of achieving results through efficient
utilization of organizational resources.
⚫ A process or function carried out by one or more individuals
⚫ Management is the art of getting things done by others
⚫ Is Process of planning, organizing, staffing, leading and controlling the
work of organizational members and using all available resources to
reach the stated organization goals.

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 The most silent ones are the following

▪ Management is a(continuous) process

▪ Management consists of activities
▪ The activities lead to selected and set objectives
▪ The coordination of activities involves people
▪ The activities focus on designing and maintaining an environment
▪ The coordination aims at the achievement of results
▪ Effective and efficient utilization of resource.

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 Management activities are undertaken by a group of individuals
called “Manager”

Managers:
⚫ Those people who are responsible for carrying out major
activities of management.

⚫ Individuals in organization who hold positions of authority

make decision about the allocation of resources.

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 Organization

⚫ Organizations are social units (a group of two or more people)

deliberately constructed or structured in certain fashion to attain
a set of goals.
⚫ Is a group of people working toward a common objective
⚫ Goals : something that you are trying to do or achieve.
Basically all your goals should be SMART

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 Why Organizations are Needed
A. Organizations Serve Society:
•Reflect values, promote civilized living, and enhance safety and quality of life.
B. Organizations Accomplish Objectives:
•Help achieve goals that would be difficult or impossible individually.
C. Organizations Preserve Knowledge:
•Institutions like universities and museums store, protect, and advance
knowledge.
•Connect past, present, and future generations.
D. Organizations Provide Careers:
•Offer livelihood, personal satisfaction, and self-fulfillment for employees.
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 Importance of management

⚫ It helps in Achieving Group Goals

⚫ Optimum Utilization of Resources
⚫ Reduces Costs
⚫ Establishes Sound Organization
⚫ Essentials for Prosperity of Society

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 Significance of Management

• Nation's Development:
Management drives organizational success, essential for
national progress.
• Managers' Perspective:
Equips future managers with vital skills for efficiency.
• Non-Managers' Perspective:
Offers insights into managerial behavior and organizational
workings.

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 Resources

⚫ Land ( all natural resources)

⚫ Labor (human resource
⚫ Capital (both Financial and machinery)
⚫ Entrepreneurship

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 Nature of Management

⚫ Universal in nature: It exists where there is a human activity it

could be applied all types of organizations
⚫ Continues process: management is never ending process it
will remain the part of the organization
⚫ Multidisciplinary
⚫ Dynamic techniques to manage business changes over period
of time
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 Objectives of Management

⚫ Getting Maximum Results with Minimum Efforts

⚫ To achieve optimum utilization of various resources.
⚫ Maximum Prosperity for Employer & Employees
⚫ Human betterment and social justice
⚫ To control the material quality.
⚫ to have co-ordination between various department in the organization.
⚫ To have co-ordination between various agencies, and company.
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 Functions of management

1. Planning
2. Organizing
3. Staffing
4. Leading
5. Controlling

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 Planning

⚫ involves process of setting goals and choosing the means to

achieve those goals..
⚫ Outlining how the tasks be performed and indicating when they
should be performed
⚫ Planning is concerned with organizational success in the near
future (short term) and distant future (long term)

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 Organizing

⚫ Assigning the tasks developed under the planning function to

various individual or groups with in the organization
⚫ Organizing creates a mechanism to put plans into action.

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 Staffing

⚫ It involves the recruitment, selection, training and development

of the employees for positions created by managers

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 Leading

⚫ The process of directing and influencing organizational

members to achieve organizational goals
⚫ It involves guiding, influencing and motivating employees to
perform tasks

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 Controlling

⚫ Process of ensuring that actual activities conform to planned

activities
⚫ Compare present performance to reestablished performance
standards

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 The following figure represents management
functions process.

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 ⚫ NB. Management processes do not occur in step-by-step
fashion. That means manager do not plan on Monday, organize
on Tuesday, staff on Wednesday, lead on Thursday and control
on Friday. That means perform their duties side by side (at the
same time).

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 Managers and level of management

⚫ Managers may also be defined as those people in organization

who are responsible to carry out major activities of management.

⚫ Managers could be categorized in different groups or types

based on hierarchical position and scope of activities for which
they are responsible.

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 Levels of management

Hierarchical positions
✓ Top level Management
✓ Middle level management
✓ Lower Level of management ( First Line Manager)

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 Levels of management

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 Levels of Management

⚫CEO

⚫Top Level Management ⚫COO

⚫CIO

⚫General Mgr
⚫Middle Level Management ⚫Plant Mgr
⚫Regional Mgr

⚫Office Manager
⚫First- Line Management ⚫Shift Supervisor
⚫Department Manager

29 ⚫Team Leader
 Top Managers
⚫Responsible for…

⚫Responsible for the overall management of the org

represent the organization to

⚫Officially

the external environment

⚫They provide resources, monitor progress and make
strategic decisions
⚫Ex. top managers ( President of university,
CEO, General Manager
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 Middle level Managers

⚫ They are between top level Managers and lower level managers
⚫ Participates in operating decisions
⚫ They are responsible for implementation of policies and plans
developed by Top managers
⚫ Supervision of lower managers
⚫ Trains other managers.
⚫ Act as bridge between top Different levels with in the
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 Middle Level Mangers

⚫ Ex. finance, human resource, production, marketing, general

service, purchasing managers.

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 Lower level management

⚫ They are responsible for directly managing operations

⚫ Plans day-to-day operations
⚫ They devotes much of their time on operations
⚫ They comprise the largest managerial group of the organization
⚫ They are at the bottom of organizational hierarchy
⚫ Provides supervision and control over work.
Ex. supervisors, team leaders, and department heads
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 Table Points of distinction between managerial levels

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 Managerial skills

⚫ Conceptual skills
⚫ Technical skills
⚫ Inter personal skills /Human skills

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 Managerial skills

Managerial levels
⚫Lower ⚫Middle ⚫ToP

⚫Conceptual skills

⚫Human skills

⚫Technical skills

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 Conceptual skills

⚫ Involves the ability of managers to see the organization as a

whole (holistic manner) and understand how its parts depend on
one another.
⚫ Represent the ability of Manager to coordinate, to organize and
integrate all organizations interest and activities.
⚫ Highly important for top managers

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 Interpersonal or Human skills

⚫ Involves the ability of a manager to work with, communicate with

understand and motivate individuals and groups
⚫ The ability of motivation to others
⚫ Highly important for Middle managers

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 Technical skills

⚫ Is the ability of a manager to use specific knowledge, techniques

to perform tasks.
⚫ highly important for lower level managers

Successful managers are likely to have all the skills any level
they occupy

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 Managerial Roles

⚫Interpersonal ⚫Informational ⚫Decisional

⚫ Figurehead ⚫ Monitor
⚫ Entrepreneur

⚫ Leader ⚫ Disseminator
⚫ Disturbance Handler

⚫ Liaison ⚫ Spokesperson
⚫ Resource Allocator

⚫ Negotiator

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 IS management an art or science ?

⚫ ART: Because it depends on the skills, aptitude/ability & creativity

of the manager

⚫ SCIENCE: Because there is considerable knowledge in the field

of management with basic principles for guidance of basic
activities.

⚫ Management is an ART as well as Science.

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 Thank you for listening ☺

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