CH 5 Theoretical Distribution
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Powered by AIUsing the Poisson distribution, the probability of receiving no calls in a minute (for k=0) is given by the formula P(X=0) = (e^(-λ) * λ^0) / 0!, where λ is the average rate of success (number of calls), which is 3. This calculation results in a probability of approximately 0.0498 .
The probability mass function of a Bernoulli distribution is given by P(X = x) = p^x * (1-p)^(1-x) for x = 0, 1, where x is the outcome of the experiment (0 for failure and 1 for success) and p is the probability of success . It defines the probability of obtaining a specific outcome in a Bernoulli trial and is significant in modeling scenarios with binary outcomes.
The hypergeometric probability is found using the formula: P(X=k) = [C(K, k) * C(N-K, n-k)] / C(N, n), where N is the total number of objects, K is the total number of successful objects, n is the number of trials, and k is the number of successes in n trials. Plug in the appropriate values for a specific scenario to find probabilities .
A Bernoulli distribution represents a random experiment with exactly two possible outcomes, typically labeled as 'success' and 'failure', with a probability of success denoted by parameter p and a probability of failure as 1-p . The only parameter of a Bernoulli distribution is p, which describes the probability of success in each trial.
This situation can be modeled with a binomial distribution where n = 5 and p = 0.7. The probability of selecting exactly 2 boys (k = 2) can be calculated using the binomial formula: P(X=2) = C(5, 2) * (0.7)^2 * (0.3)^(5-2), leading to approximately 0.1323 .
To find the probability of obtaining a specific number of successes in a binomial distribution, use the binomial probability formula: P(X=k) = C(n, k)p^k(1-p)^(n-k), where C(n, k) is the binomial coefficient . For instance, in a sample where the probability of success is 0.5, you would substitute these values into the formula to find P(X=k).
In a Bernoulli distribution, the mean (μ) is equal to the success probability p, and the variance (σ²) is p(1-p). The variance being a product of p and (1-p) implies it reaches its maximum when p = 0.5, indicating maximum uncertainty. The closer p is to 0 or 1, the smaller the variance, showing more certainty in outcomes.
A Poisson distribution can be approximated by a normal distribution when the mean of the Poisson distribution is large enough, typically when the parameter λ (mean) is greater than or equal to 5 . This approximate normality is due to the central limit theorem, which states that for a large number of events, the distribution of sample means approaches a normal distribution.
The mean of a Bernoulli distribution is equal to its parameter p . The variance can be calculated using the formula p(1-p), indicating the measure of dispersion around the mean .
For a binomial distribution of 5 coin tosses, the probability of exactly 1 tail (k = 1) is calculated using p = 0.5 for each tail. The expected frequency of 1 tail in 400 trials is found by: P(X=1) = C(5, 1)(0.5)^1(0.5)^(4) * 400 = 62.5 .
