 Books by Mathew Riley

 Contest - available in library

(1996)
 Temple
(1999)
 Troll Mountain
(2014)
 The Great Zoo of China
(2014)
 The Secret Runners of New York
(2019)
 Cobalt Blue
(novella) (2022)
 Mr Einstein's Secretary
(2023)
 The Detective
(scheduled for October 2025)

 The Tournament
(2013): A historical thriller set in 1546.
 Hover Car Racer
 Ice Station
(1998)
 Area 7
(2001)
 Scarecrow
 (2003)
 Hell Island
(novella) (2005)
 Scarecrow and the Army of Thieves
(2011), published in the U.S. as
Scarecrow Returns

Books by Steve Alten

 Meg: A Novel of Deep Terror (1997)

 The Trench (1999)

 Meg: Primal Waters (2004)

 Meg: Hell's Aquarium (2009)

 Meg: Origins (novella) (2011)

 Meg: Nightstalkers (2016)

 Meg: Generations (2018)

 Meg, Angel of Death: Survival (novella) (2020)

 Meg: Purgatory (2022)

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13 sites

In the context of the Government e-Marketplace (GeM),

Rule 149 of the General Financial Rules (GFR) 2017 is the primary
governing regulation. It mandates that all central government ministries
and departments must procure goods and services available on the portal
through GeM.

1. Payment Timelines & Penalties

The government has established strict timelines to ensure prompt
payment to sellers:

 10-Day Mandate: Buyers are required to make payments within 10

calendar days after the generation of the Consignee Receipt and
Acceptance Certificate (CRAC).

 Penal Interest: If payment is delayed beyond 10 days of CRAC

generation, the buyer organization is liable to pay 1% penal
interest per month. This interest is deposited into a dedicated
GeM account for seller/buyer education and does not go to the
vendor.

 Auto-CRAC: If the consignee does not issue the CRAC manually, the
system auto-generates it on the 11th day after delivery, triggering
the payment clock.

2. Procurement Slabs (Rule 149)

The method of purchase and subsequent payment processing depends on
the order value:

 Up to ₹25,000: Direct purchase from any available supplier.

 ₹25,000 to ₹5,00,000: Purchase from the L-1 (Lowest) seller after

comparing at least three different manufacturers.

 Above ₹5,00,000: Mandatory online bidding or reverse auction.

3. Payment Process Flow

  CRAC Generation: The buyer inspects the goods/services and
generates the CRAC on the GeM Portal.

 Payment Advice: The buyer prepares a "Payment Advice" on the

portal, deducting any Liquidated Damages (LD) for delays (typically
0.5% per week up to 10%).

 PFMS Integration: For central departments, GeM is integrated

with the Public Financial Management System (PFMS). The data is
pushed to PFMS, where the Drawing and Disbursing Officer (DDO)
generates the bill for the Pay and Accounts Office (PAO).

 Bank Guarantee: For high-value contracts (usually above ₹5 Lakh

for services), payments become due only after the buyer verifies
the Performance Bank Guarantee (PBG) submitted by the seller.

AI responses may include mistakes. Information may vary depending on location or

individual circumstances. Learn more

10 sites

In the GeM portal, the

"Other" payment mode is a category used by specific organizations that

do not utilize standard central systems like PFMS. It primarily facilitates
offline or manual payment processes while maintaining an audit trail on
the portal.

1. What is the "Other" Payment Mode?

 Definition: This mode is for organizations that pay offline using
methods such as NEFT, RTGS, or Cheques.

 Usage: It is typically selected by organizations that have their own

internal payment systems or are not yet integrated with GeM's
automated payment gateways.

 Eligible Entities: This often includes Public Sector Undertakings

(PSUs), Municipalities, Autonomous Institutions, and certain State
Government departments.
2. Other Major Non-PFMS Payment Modes
Besides the specific "Other" category, GeM offers several alternative
payment modes for non-central civil ministries:

 IFMS (Integrated Financial Management System): Primarily

used by State Government ministries.

 GPA (GeM Pool Account): A special-purpose bank account used

by Non-PFMS Agencies/Entities (NPAEs).

o Challan Model: Buyer generates a challan and funds it for

each transaction.

o Non-Challan Model: Buyer maintains a floating balance in

the account for all GeM purchases.

 Internet Banking: Facilitated through the SBI MOPS (Multi-Option

Payment System) gateway.

 Department-Specific Systems:

o CGDA: For Defence organizations.

o Railway Payment System: Exclusively for Indian Railways.

o Post: For the Department of Posts.

3. Key Rules for "Other" and Manual Payments

 Mandatory CRAC: Even for "Other" or offline payments,
the Consignee Receipt and Acceptance Certificate (CRAC) must be
generated on the GeM portal to trigger the payment timeline.

 10-Day Timeline: The Paying Authority must release payment

within 10 days of CRAC generation, regardless of whether they use
online banking or "Other" methods.

 Duplicate Payment Caution: Organizations using offline modes

must ensure that once a payment is made manually, the status is
updated on the GeM portal to prevent double payment.

4 sites
In the GeM ecosystem, the

"Other" payment mode is specifically designed for organizations that

manage their own internal budgets and do not use centralized civil
payment systems like PFMS.

Applicable Funds & Organizations

This mode is typically used when the source of funding is non-
budgetary or managed through autonomous accounts by the following
entities:

 Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs): For payments made from

their own internal accruals or commercial revenue.

 Autonomous Bodies & Statutory Organizations: Entities like

universities (e.g., Sikkim University) or research institutions that
use grants-in-aid or internal funds.

 Municipalities & Local Bodies: For procurement funded by local

taxes or special municipal grants.

 Educational Institutions: Procurement using student fees or

specialized research funds.

 State Government Departments: In cases where their state-

specific IFMS (Integrated Financial Management System) is not yet
integrated with GeM.

Key Fund Management Rules

1. Manual Blocking: Unlike PFMS, where funds from a specific
"Budget Head" are automatically blocked online, organizations using
the "Other" mode must manually ensure that sufficient funds are
available in their bank accounts.

2. No Automated Verification: For "Other" payments, GeM does not

verify fund availability at the time of order placement. The Buyer
must upload a Financial Approval Document (sanction order) to
confirm budget availability.

3. Payment Method: Payments from these funds are typically

disbursed via NEFT, RTGS, or Cheques.
AI responses may include mistakes. For financial advice, consult a professional. Learn
more

5 sites

Whether "public funds" can be used with the

"Other" payment mode depends on which government entity is

managing those funds. Generally, for core Central Government
departments, the "Other" mode is restricted.

1. Central Government (Restricted)

For Central Government Ministries and Departments using consolidated
public funds, the PFMS (Public Financial Management System) is
mandatory.

 Offline Prohibition: Central departments are prohibited from

making offline payments for GeM contracts to avoid double
payments and ensure transparency.

 Exceptions: "Other" (offline) modes are only permitted in

extreme force majeure cases, such as a long-term shutdown of the
GeM platform or internet services, and require immediate post-facto
entry on the portal.

2. PSUs, Autonomous Bodies, and "Other" Modes

Entities that handle public funds but are not mapped to PFMS (Non-
PFMS Agencies/Entities or NPAEs) have more flexibility:

 Eligible Entities: Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs), Statutory

Bodies, and certain State Government entities can use
the "Other" mode for offline payments via NEFT, RTGS, or Cheques.

 Alternate Recommendation: These entities are encouraged to

use the GeM Pool Account (GPA) instead of the "Other" mode to
ensure "blocking of funds" and automated payment timelines.

3. Specific Fund Exceptions

 ICT Orders: For Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
orders, some users are allowed to select the "Other" payment
method without blocking funds upfront.
  State Funds: State governments use their own IFMS (Integrated
Financial Management System), which acts as their specific "public
fund" payment gateway.

Summary Table:
Entity Type Standard Can they use
Payment "Other"?
Mode

Central Civil PFMS No (except

Ministries Force Majeure)

Central PSUs GPA / ERP Yes (Manual

Integration NEFT/RTGS)

State IFMS / GPA Yes (if IFMS not

Departments integrated)

Autonomous GPA Yes (Manual

Bodies NEFT/RTGS)

Whether an

Annual Library Grant can be paid through the "Other" mode on GeM
depends entirely on which organization is spending the grant and how
their funds are audited.

1. When "Other" Mode IS Applicable

You can select the "Other" (offline) payment mode if your library or
institution falls under these categories:

 Autonomous/Local Bodies: If the library is part of an autonomous

college, municipal school, or private-aided institution that does not
use the Central Government's PFMS (Public Financial Management
System).

 State-Funded Libraries: If the grant comes from a State

Government that hasn't fully integrated its IFMS (Integrated
Financial Management System) with the GeM portal.
  Internal Accruals: If the grant is considered "internal funds" or
"donated funds" managed in a local bank account rather than a
treasury account.

2. When "Other" Mode is NOT Applicable

You cannot use the "Other" mode if the library is a direct wing of a
Central Government department (e.g., a National Library under a
Ministry):

 Mandatory PFMS: These grants must be processed via

the PFMS mode to ensure a paperless and transparent audit trail.

 Strict Offline Prohibition: Central departments are prohibited

from making offline payments for GeM orders except in rare "Force
Majeure" cases.

3. Key Requirements for Library Grant Procurement

Regardless of the mode chosen:

 CRAC Requirement: Even if you pay offline ("Other" mode), you

must generate the Consignee Receipt and Acceptance Certificate
(CRAC) on the GeM portal within 10 days of receiving the
books/goods.

 Payment Deadline: The GeM FAQs specify that for "Other" mode,
the Paying Authority must still release the payment within 10
days of CRAC generation.

 Sanction Order: You will likely need to upload the Approval PDF for
the library grant during the bill-drafting process on the portal.

8 sites

In the context of the Government e-Marketplace (GeM),

post-audit funds (often used for payments like imprest, cash
assignments, or local public funds) can sometimes be processed via
the "Other" payment mode, but this is primarily a transitional or entity-
specific exception.

1. Applicability of "Other" Mode for Post-Audit Funds

 Defence Units (CGDA): For units under the Ministry of Defence,
the Controller General of Defence Accounts (CGDA) allows the use of
imprest, cash assignments, and unit public fund accounts for GeM
purchases. These are typically handled as offline
payments ("Other" mode) while the online data exchange system is
being finalized.

 Autonomous & Non-PFMS Bodies: Organizations that do not use

the central Public Financial Management System (PFMS) and
manage their own post-audit or internal funds can select the "Other"
mode to pay via NEFT, RTGS, or Cheques.

 Civil Ministries (Restricted): For core Central Civil Ministries,

using "Other" mode for public funds is generally not permitted.
They must use PFMS to ensure a paperless audit trail and
automated payment status updates.

2. Procedural Requirements
Even when using "Other" payment mode for post-audit funds, strict GeM
rules apply:

 CRAC Generation: The Consignee Receipt and Acceptance

Certificate (CRAC) must be generated on the portal within 10
days of delivery.

 Manual Marking: After making an offline payment, the Buyer/DDO

must manually update the payment details on the GeM portal to
mark the bill as "Closed" or "Paid".

 Audit Trail: The GeM platform maintains a robust audit trail of

these transactions, which must be reconcilable with the
organization's internal post-audit records.

3. Summary Table for Post-Audit Fund Usage

Organizati Fund Recommende Can use
on Type Source d Payment "Other"
Mode Mode?

Ministry of Imprest / CGDA Yes (Phased

Defence Public (Online/Offline) transition)
Fund

Central Budgetary PFMS No (Mandatory

Ministries Allocation Online)

Autonomo Grants / GPA / Other Yes (Manual

us Bodies Internal NEFT/RTGS)
Fund

State State IFMS / Other Yes (If IFMS

Departmen Budget not integrated)
ts