Q1: On an infinite check erboar d are placed 111 nono verlapping corners, L-shaped figur es
made of 3 unit squar es. The collection has the follo wing pr operty: for any corner, the 2 × 2
squar e containing it is entir ely co vered b y the corners. Pr ove that one can r emo ve
between 1 and 110 of the corners so that the pr operty will be pr eserved.
Q1: A triangle ABC and points K, L, M on the sides AB , BC, CA r espectively , are given such
that . Show that if the cir cumcir cles of the triangles AKM, BLK, CML ar e congruent, then so
ar e the incir cles of these triangles.
Q1: Find all triples of natur al numbers such that .
Q1: Find all integers and such that .
Q1: Suppose points I and H ar e the incenter and orthocenter of an acute triangle ABC
respectively , and points B and C are the midpoints of sides A C and AB r espectively . It is
known that r ay B I intersects side AB at B (B≠ B), and r ay C I intersects the e xtension of
AC at C : BC and BC intersect at K and A is the cir cumcenter of ∆ BHC. Pr ove that thr ee
points A, I and A are collinear if and only if the ar eas of ∆ BKB and ∆ CKC are equal.1 1 1 22
1 2 22 1 1 2 2
Q2: P , Q, R, S ar e the midpoints of sides BC, CD , DA, AB , respectively , of conve x
quadrilater al ABCD . Prove that .
Q2: Let be a positive integer. W e say a positive integer satisfies the condition if there
exist distinct positive integers such that the sums are all distinct and less than . (a) Sho w
that if satisfies the condition , then . (b) Sho w that if satisfies the condition . (c)
Suppose is an integer. Sho w that satisfies the condition .
Q2: In an m × n r ectangular grid, wher e m and n ar e odd integers 1 × 2 dominoes ar e
initially placed so as to e xactly co ver all but one of the 1 × 1 squar es at one corner of
the grid. It is permitted to slide a domino to wards the empty squar e, thus e xposing another
squar e. Sho w that b y a sequence of such mo ves, we can mo ve the empty squar e to any corner
of the r ectangle.
Q2: Let be the center of cir cle . Two equal chor ds and of intersect at such that and . Let
and be points on and respectively such that . Prove that the chor d of passing thr ough and is
equal to and .
Q2: Thr ee distinct points A, B , C ar e fixed on a line in this or der. Let T be a cir cle
passing through A and C whose center does not lie on the line A C. Denote b y P the
intersection of the tangents to T at A and C. Suppose T meets the segment PB at Q . Prove that
the intersection of the bisector of ∠ AQC and the line A C does not depend on the choice of T .
Q3: For all r eal numbers such that , prove that and determine when equality occurs for each of
the two inequalities.
Q3: Starting at (1, 1), a stone is mo ved in the coor dinate plane accor ding to the follo wing
rules: (i) Fr om any point , the stone can mo ve to or . (ii) Fr om any point , the stone can
mo ve to if , or to if . For which positive integers can the stone be mo ved to ?
Q3: Let p be a prime number. Find all such that is a positive integer.
Q3: Let be the centers of the incir cle and the e xcircle opposite of triangle . The
perpendicular bisector of meets lines and at and respectively . Given that the cir cumcir cle
of triangle touches line , prove that triangle is isosceles.
Q3: Pr ove that for all positive r eal numbers .
Q4: W e are given a set of 27 distinct points in the plane, no thr ee collinear. Four points
from this set ar e vertices of a unit squar e; the other 23 points lie inside this squar e. Pr
ove that ther e exist thr ee distinct points X, Y , Z in this set such that .
Q4: The sequence {a } is defined as follo ws: if p , p, …, p are the distinct prime divisors of
n, then . Sho w that for any positive integer N ≥ [Link]≥2 1 2 k
Q4: Let AB be a given line segment. Find all possible points C in the plane such that in the
triangle ABC, the altitude fr om A and the median fr om B have the same length.
Q4: Find all pairs of r eal numbers and such that the system of equations , has a solution in r
eal numbers .
Q4: Let …. Be an infinite sequence of r eal numbers for which ther e exists a r eal number c
with for all such that for all with . Prove that .
Q5: Find all positive integers N whose only prime divisors ar e 2 and 5, such that the number N
+ 25 is a perfect squar e.
Q5: W e are given a collection of r ectangular bricks, no one of which is a cube. The edge
lengths ar e integers. For e very triple of positive integers , not all equal, ther e is a
sufficient supply of bricks. Suppose that the bricks completely tile a box. (a) Assume that at
least 100 bricks have been used. Pr ove that ther e exist at least two parallel bricks, that
is, if AB is an edge of one of the bricks, A 'B' is an edge of the other and AB|| A ' B' , then
AB = A ' B'. (b) Pr ove the same statement with 100 r eplaced b y a smaller number. The smaller
the number, the better the solution.
Q5: Sho w that in any conve x quadrilater al of ar ea 1, the sum of the lengths of the sides
and diagonals is at least .
Q5: Let be nonnegative r eal numbers satisfying the follo wing two conditions: (a) ; (b) . Let
. Find the maximum and minimum possible values of .
Q5: Car ds number ed 1 to 9 ar e arr anged at r andom in a r ow. In a mo ve, one may choose any
block of consecutive car ds whose numbers ar e in ascending or descending or der, and switch
the block ar ound. For e xample, 916532748 may be changed to 913562748. Prove that in at most
12 mo ves, one can arr ange the 9 car ds so that their numbers ar e in ascending or descending
or der.
Q6: 4 in an acute triangle with cir cumr adius R, altitudes have lengths , respectively . If
are the lengths of the tangents fr om respectively , to the cir cumcir cle of triangle , prove
that .
Q6: Let Z* denote the set of nonzer o integers. Sho w that an integer p > 3 is prime if and
only if for any a,b ∈ Z*, e xactly one of the numbers belongs to Z*
Q6: Determine all positive integers k for which ther e exists a function such that (a) ; (b)
For all .
Q6: In an equilater al triangle of n(n+1)/ 2 pennies, with n pennies along each side of the
triangle, all but one penny sho ws heads. A mo ve consists of choosing two adjacent pennies
with centers A and B and flipping e very penny on line AB . Determine all initial arrangements
— the value of n and the position of the coin initially sho wing tails — fr om which one can
mak e all the coins sho w tails after finitely many mo ves.
Q6: Let f(k) be the number of integers n that satisfy the follo wing conditions: (i) 0 ≤ n < 10
, so n has e xactly k digits (in decimal notation), with leading zer os allo wed; (ii) the
digits of n can be permuted in such a way that the y yield an integer divisible b y 11. Prove
that f(2m) = 10f(2m – 1) for e very positive integer m.k
