WALI KHAN UNIVERSITY

MARDAN

Course Contents

Institute of Business Studies & Leadership,

AWKUM.
Contact No: 0937-920844│ E-Mail Address: ibl@[Link]
SCHEME OF STUDY FOR BS (COMMERCE)
Institute of Business Studies & Leadership
The Institute of Business Studies & Leadership (IBL), AWKUM has been evolved from a young
but rapidly grown Department of Management Sciences to a leading Business School offering a
wide range of academic programs aiming to transform our faculty, quality of our facilities, and the
quality of our students from excellence to greatness. The IBL embraces the responsibility of
preparing students for leadership roles in today’s ever-changing, fast-paced business world.
Academic & Training programs at IBL are designed to prepare ethical, knowledgeable, and
professionally committed graduates who are capable of making immediate contributions at work
and in their community. IBL aspires to engage our students through credentialed faculty who
purposefully connect theory with practical learning experiences. IBL currently enrolls around 2000
students in under graduates, graduates programs. We expects around 20% increase in student’s
enrolment, variety of programs, and nearly 300 potential students are expected each year for
executive education from 2017 onward. IBL earned its initial NBEAC accreditation in 2014 in W
category. Recent reorganization of the university has provided the leadership of a Dean and
Director with the up gradation of department in to Institute of Business Studies and Leadership.
In addition there are eight coordinators overseeing the academic programs i.e. BBA, BS(B&F),
BS(Commerce), BPA, BBS, MBA(2.5), MBA 1.5, MS, PhD & research. These Academic
Coordinators along with the Director and the Dean comprise the Leadership Team for the school.
Three faculty committees provide continuous oversight and review for the continuous review
process of the school’s policies and procedures. They are the Scholarship and Curriculum and
Assessment, and Community and Outreach Committees. An additional Strategic Planning
Committee is composed of the Leadership Team and the chairs of the standing committees.

Vision
The IBL aspires to be a leading business school in Pakistan to be reckoned with due its high quality
education, cutting edge research, and social branding.

Mission
Strive to be a Leading national Business Studies & Leadership Institute having excellence in
developing responsible leaders, equipped with managerial professionalism that is to be reckoned
with even across geographical boundaries. Earn recognition and reputation of competency and
innovation in teaching, learning, and research, having local focus with international orientations,
sharpening student’s skills relevant to fast changing world with strong sense of social
responsibility, immediacy and action inspired with national colors. IBL wants to be known for
superb scholarship, excellent students and flawless operations, not just among those who know us
well, but everyone.

Core Values
The Core Values which IBL shares among its faculty and students with commitment to nurture,
maintain and sustain culture of:
• Academic Excellence through quality teaching and conducive learning environment
• Professional expertise in conduct;
• Culture of creativity, innovation and entrepreneurial spirit;
 • Impactful and genuine Research that has enduring value
• Student focused;
• Ethical behavior and Social responsibility.
• Partnering to address complex business issues through collaboration with industry, faculty,
students, and the community.

Goals &Objectives

1. Developing and producing student’s intake in to business professionals, entrepreneurs and

employable managers endowed with the spirit of socio- moral responsibility, immediacy
and competitiveness and ready to be absorbed across national and international
organizations.
2. Maximize sustained and mutually beneficial corporate engagement and foreign
collaboration.
3. Strive to enhance quality in faculty, students, infrastructure, curriculum and the technology
through making optimum use of available resources, establishing linkages with
international but relevant academia and researchers.
4. Promoting culture of inter-discipline and inter- culture harmony by inculcating spirit of
tolerance, accommodation and dialogue blend with the colors of responsibility and
integrity.
5. Establish and promote a vibrant campus life atmosphere through integration of curricular
and co-curricular or extracurricular activities aiming to promote academic and intellectual
interaction between faculty and student.

BS (Commerce)

Introduction

The BS (Commerce) is a highly specialized degree, preparing the graduate as having expertise in
Accountancy and Commerce. The students will acquire the knowledge and technical skills needed
to analyze accounting/finance and business problems, and they will understand how best to
communicate and use financial information to support business decisions. The degree offers
specialization in Accounting and/or Finance.

With the management of financial information underpinning all business activities, there are more
employment and career opportunities in accounting and finance than many other areas of study.
This degree will prepare students for a rewarding career in any sector of the economy. The
graduates may work as a Financial Accountant, Forensic Accountant, Management Accountant,
Auditor, Chief Financial Officer, Financial Advisor and Tax Specialist.
Degree Requirements

The BS (Commerce) is a four-year degree program and consists of 139 credit hours of study. A
compulsory requirement for students will be to either go through an eight week internship program
followed by an internship report or submit a research dissertation at the end of the degree program.
The weight age of the internship report/research dissertation shall be equal to 6 credit hours. The
normal duration for completion of BS(Commerce) degree is 8 semesters over a period of 4 years.
The maximum duration for obtaining BS (Commerce) degree shall be 7 years.

Eligibility Criteria

Students with FA, [Link], or equivalent qualifications and having at least second division, securing
45% marks in aggregate are eligible for program.

Learning Outcomes:
• Each student shall understand economic and industry issues, and the role of accounting
within that environment.
• Each student shall be able to apply accounting concepts, principles, standards, and
processes.
• Each student shall demonstrate information technology skills as they apply to today's
business environment to solve business problems and to communicate those solutions.
• Each student must demonstrate intellectual capabilities by recognizing patterns in
information and reaching rational conclusions.
• Each student must demonstrate analytical skills through finding, organizing, assessing and,
analyzing data appropriate to a given situation.
• Each student shall be able to impart the knowledge and skills listed above to provide
insightful advisory judgments and recommendations regarding the accounting for and the
business implications of events, conditions, circumstances, and transactions that give rise
to business opportunities or problems.
• Students shall demonstrate awareness of difficult ethical issues they will likely face and
may be compelled to take controvertible actions.
• Students shall be able to use personal and ethical frameworks to help them respond to
ethical dilemmas.
• Each student must demonstrate strong organizational skills and a capacity for responsive
and timely work.
ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENT WITH WEIGHTS

S.N Items Marks

O
1. Mid-Term Exam 30
2. Final Term Exam 50
3. Internal Evaluation Breakdown
Quiz(s) 8
Assignements(s) 4
Class Participation 2
Presentations 6
Case Discussion
LabWork/Practical Project
Anyother
Total 20 20
Grand Total 100
 BS (Commerce)
SEMESTER – 01

Course Code Semester – 01 Credit Hours

AH-302 Introduction to Philosophy 2

MGT-HR-301 Principles of Management 3
FE-301 Functional English 3
CV-301 Islamic Studies 2
CV-303 Civic and Community Engagement 2
MGT-AF-301 Introduction to Business 3
 ABDUL WALI KHAN UNIVERSITY MARDAN
Institute of Business Studies & Leadership
Discipline: BS (Commerce)
Credit hours: 03
Course code: MGT-AF-301
Course Name: INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS

COURSE DESCRIPTION
This the first course of BS (Commerce) curriculum, it will introduce the students to the business,
its types, it working, it legal forms, registration process and operations. Course deals with the
different types of the businesses local and international environments. Students will be able to
know what is the organizational structure and departments in which it is distributed and what is
the organizational hierarchy. Legal and operational form of the business will be brought in the
knowledge of the students to understand the professional environment.

LEARNING OUTCOMES:
After completion of this course student will able to know;
1. How business is different from other economic activities
2. What are the different forms of the business and how they are different from one another
in legal and operational forms
3. What are different departmental/ divisional distribution of the business
4. Hierarchy and reporting lines.
5. How businesses are forms and what are the survival techniques and efforts.
WEEK WISE DISTRIBUTION OF THE COURSE
Week Course Contents of INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS

Week – 1 Introduction to Business: Definition of Business, Characteristics of Business,

Importance of Business, Qualities of a successful Businessman, Stakeholders in
Business
Week – 1 Sole Proprietor form of Business: Sole proprietorship and its characteristics,
Advantages and Disadvantages of Sole proprietorship
Week – 2&3 Partnership form of Business: Definition of Partnership, Salient feature of
Partnership, Partnership Deed, Types of Partners, Position of a minor in a
Partnership, Mutual duties, rights and liabilities of Partners, Reconstitution of
Partnership, Registration of a firm, Dissolution of a Partnership firm
Week – 4&5 Joint Stock Company: Joint Stock Company, Joint Stock Company and its
features, Classification of companies, Advantages and Disadvantages of a
Company, Private limited Company, Public limited Company, Main features of
Partnership, Private limited and Public limited Company, Company promoters
and their functions
Week – 6 Formation of a Company: Formation of a Public Company, Basic legal
documents issued by a company
Week – 7 Classes of Capital: Classes of capital, Classes of shares, Bonds/ Debentures ,
Underwriting of shares, Managing Agents, Dividend
MID TERM
Week – 8 Management of a Company: Management of a company, Company meetings,
Liquidation of a joint stock company
Week – 9&10 Business Finance: Financial Sources, Why firm need funds, Comparing Equity
and Debt Financing, Sources of Short Term Financing, Sources of Medium
Term Financing, Sources of Long Term Financing
Week – 11 Marketing: Marketing Goods and Services, Marketing Strategy, Products and
Services, Product Identification and Branding, Promotion Strategies
Week – 12&13 Function of Stock Exchange: Stock exchange and its features, How business
is transacted at the stock exchange, Bullish and Bearish trend , Causes of
fluctuations in security prices
Week – 14 Business Risk and Insurance: Business Risk and Insurance, What is Business
Risk?, Requisites of Insurance, Principles of Insurance, Advantages of
Insurance
Week – 15 Human Resource Management: Human Resource Management, Definition,
Objectives of HRM, The process of selection

Week- 16 Presentation Session

Final Examination

RECOMMANDED / REFERENCE TEXT BOOKS:

1. Business Today by Stephen P. Robbins
2. Introduction to Business by Brown/ Peterlod
3. Financial Management by I. M. Padey
4. Introduction to Business by M. Saeed Nasir
METHOD OF LEARNING AND CONTACT HOURS
A variety of techniques will be used to enhance your learning for this course. These include face-
to-face lecture, discussion, exams, cases, in-class group activities, and internet research and guest
speaker sessions. You are expected to come to every session prepared based on provided material.
Weekly contact of this course is 3 hours.
ASSESSMENT ITEMS AND WEIGHTS
Students will have several opportunities to demonstrate their knowledge and understanding of the
subject material taught in the class. Though much of the learning is actually achieved in-class,
students are expected to complete certain assignment, quizzes, and mini projects to pass the
subject. Students will be assessed according to the following criteria.
I. Mid Term Examination (30%)
Midterm exam will consist of applied questions, multiple choice and case studies / scenario
Analysis.
II. Final Examination (50%)
The final exam will consist of application of concepts in terms of numerical, MCQ, case study,
and questions on guest speaker sessions (if any)
III. Internals (20%)
Internal marks comprises of the following
a. Quizzes
During the semester, at least four quizzes will be given to the class. There will be no retake for
those who missed the quiz.
b. Project/ Topic / Case Study Presentation
Class will be divided in to reasonable syndicates for case studies / topic presentation/ class project.
Each syndicate will present the case / topic according to the recommended format.

QUALITY ASSURANCE
The completion of the course evaluation survey is mandatory and will be carried before the start
of the final exam. The findings of the survey are used in improving the course as well as its
delivery. The survey is conducted by quality enhancement cell of the university and is
anonymous.
 ABDUL WALI KHAN UNIVERSITY MARDAN
Institute of Business Studies & Leadership
Discipline: BS (Commerce)
Credit hours: 02
Course code: CV-301
Course Name: Islamic Studies
 ABDUL WALI KHAN UNIVERSITY MARDAN
Institute of Business Studies & Leadership
Discipline: BS (Commerce)
Credit hours: 03
Course code: FE-301
Course Name: Functional English

COURSE DESCRIPTION
This course has been designed to propel students to seek development of their basic linguistic skills
through appreciation of English grammar and composition. This course provides the students
Language skills for effective communication, organizational communication, the writing process,
designing business documents, writing business correspondence, preparing reports, proposals,
manuals and presentation, preparing employment and administrative messages, business
terminology for marketing and trade, communicating with the customer

INDENTED LEARNING OUTCOMES

1. By the end of this course it is expected that the student will be able to:
2. To further develop student’s skills in reading, writing, speaking and thinking.
3. To develop students „understanding and appreciation of English language and its use in
effective communication and literature.
4. To develop student understands and appreciation of essay writing, short stories and will
develop ability to evaluate and understand written material.
5. To develop effective business communication skills and enhance presentation skills.

Week -1 Basic Grammar: Definition of Grammar;

Week-2 Parts of speech: Sentence Definition
Week-3 Active and passive voice
Week-4 Phrase, clause and sentence structure
Week-5 Transitive and intransitive verbs; punctuation
Week-6 Spelling rules; use of articles
Week-7 Synonyms; Antonyms
Week-8 Homonyms; One word Substitution
Week-9 Use of prepositions; pair of words
Week-10 Verbal phrases and idiomatic phrases
Week-11 Phrases types and function
Week-12 Clause, types and functions
Week-13 Comprehension
Week-14 Everyday conversation topics; listening
Week-15 Translation skills; paragraph writing
Week -16 Presentation skills.
Recommended Books:

1. Functional English
a) Grammar
1. Practical English Grammar by A.J. Thomson and A.V. Martinet. Exercises 1. Third edition.
Oxford University Press. 1997. ISBN 0194313492
2. Practical English Grammar by A.J. Thomson and A.V. Martinet. Exercises 2. Third edition.
Oxford University Press. 1997. ISBN 0194313506
b) Writing
1. Writing. Intermediate by Marie-Christine Boutin, Suzanne Brinand and Francoise Grellet.
Oxford Supplementary Skills. Fourth Impression 1993. ISBN 0 19 435405 7 Pages 20-27 and
35-41.
c) Reading/Comprehension
1. Reading. Upper Intermediate. Brain Tomlinson and Rod Ellis. Oxford Supplementary Skills.
Third Impression 1992. ISBN 0 19 453402 2.
d) Speaking – Exercises and Practice of Presentation

METHOD OF LEARNING AND CONTACT HOURS

A variety of techniques will be used to enhance your learning for this course. These include face-
to-face lecture, discussion, exams, cases, in-class group activities, and internet research and guest
speaker sessions. You are expected to come to every session prepared based on provided material.
Weekly contact of this course is 3 hours.

ASSESSMENT ITEMS AND WEIGHTS

Students will have several opportunities to demonstrate their knowledge and understanding of the
subject material taught in the class. Though much of the learning is actually achieved in-class,
students are expected to complete certain assignment, quizzes, and mini projects to pass the
subject. Students will be assessed according to the following criteria.
I. Mid Term Examination (30%)
Midterm exam will consist of applied questions, multiple choice and case studies / scenario
Analysis.
II. Final Examination (50%)
The final exam will consist of application of concepts in terms of numerical, MCQ, case study,
and questions on guest speaker sessions (if any)
III. Internals (20%)
Internal marks comprises of the following
a. Quizzes
During the semester, at least four quizzes will be given to the class. There will be no retake for
those who missed the quiz.
b. Project/ Topic / Case Study Presentation
Class will be divided in to reasonable syndicates for case studies / topic presentation/ class project.
Each syndicate will present the case / topic according to the recommended format.

QUALITY ASSURANCE
The completion of the course evaluation survey is mandatory and will be carried before the start
of the final exam. The findings of the survey are used in improving the course as well as its
delivery. The survey is conducted by quality enhancement cell of the university and is
anonymous.
 ABDUL WALI KHAN UNIVERSITY MARDAN
Institute of Business Studies & Leadership
Discipline: BS (Commerce)
Credit hours: 03
Course code: MGT-HR-301
Course Name: Principles of Management

This course is aimed at highlighting the theoretical aspects of management and then translating
these concepts into practical frameworks. Major focus would be on making students comprehend
the functional areas, such as, planning, organizing, leading and controlling. In the changing
business environment, managers must also consider factors such as cultural diversity,
environmental changes, social responsiveness and ethical and moral obligations to lead their
organizations successfully. This course will provide insights into such issues as well.
LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the conclusion of this course, the student should be able to:
1. Introduction, overview and scope of discipline
2. The evolution and emergence of management thought
3. Management functions
4. Planning concepts, objectives, strategies and policies
5. Decision making
6. Organizing; departmentalization, line/staff authority, commitments and group decision
making
7. Staffing: principles of selection, performance, career planning
8. Leading: Motivation, leadership, communication
9. Controlling: the system and process and techniques of controlling
10. Management and Society: future perspective

Weeks Course Contents of Principles of Management

Week – 1 An Overview of Management: Definitions of Management, Characteristics of
Management, Different between Management and Administration
Week – 2 Functions of Management: Functions a brief Treatment, Planning, Organizing,
Staffing, Directing, Controlling, Coordination
Week – 3 Principles of Management: Taylor’s Principles, Fayol’s Principles, General
Principles, Importance and Scope of Management, Importance of Management,
Scope of Management
Week – 4 Nature of Management: Management as an art, Management as a Science,
Management as a Profession
Week – 5 Planning: Definition, Nature and Characteristics, Importance of Planning,
Limitations of Planning, Essentials of a good Plan, Steps in Planning Process , Types
of Planning
Week –6&7 Decision Making: Meaning and Elements of Decision Making, Importance and
Process of Decision Making, Salient Features of a good or an Effective Decision, An
Effective Decision Making
MID TERM
Week – 9 Organizing: Nature and Importance of Organization, Steps in the Process of
Organization, Formal and Informal Organization, Principles of Organization
Week – 10 Communication: Definition of Communication, Process of Communication ,
Importance of Communication, Types of Communication, Barriers to
Communication, Over Coming the Barriers, Characteristics of a good
Communication System
Week – 11 Staffing: Definition of Staffing, Sources of Recruitment, Steps in Selection Process,
Orientation or Induction, Training and Education, Types and Methods of Training
Week – 12 Directing / Direction: Definition, Nature and Importance, Principles & Techniques

Week – 13 Leadership: Definition, Traits / Qualities of a Successful Leader, Leadership Styles,

Function of Leader Ship
Week – 14 Motivation: Meaning and Importance, Financial and Non Financial Incentives,
Theory X and Theory Y, Maslow’s Need Priority Model
Week – 15 Controlling: Definition of Controlling, Characteristics of Controlling, Objectives of
Controlling, Steps in the Process of Controlling, Essentials of an Effective Control
System
Week- 16 Presentation Session
Final Examination

RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Principles and Practice of Management 1998 Edition, Terry, Prentice Hall USA.
2. Practice of Management, 1997 Edition P.F. Duck Ker, Macmillion, London.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
Fundamentals of Management 2004 Edition, Prof. Fazli Wahid IBMS/CS Agricultural
University Peshawar

METHOD OF LEARNING AND CONTACT HOURS

A variety of techniques will be used to enhance your learning for this course. These include face-
to-face lecture, discussion, exams, cases, in-class group activities, and internet research and guest
speaker sessions. You are expected to come to every session prepared based on provided material.
Weekly contact of this course is 3 hours.

ASSESSMENT ITEMS AND WEIGHTS

Students will have several opportunities to demonstrate their knowledge and understanding of the
subject material taught in the class. Though much of the learning is actually achieved in-class,
students are expected to complete certain assignment, quizzes, and mini projects to pass the
subject. Students will be assessed according to the following criteria.
I. Mid Term Examination (30%)
Midterm exam will consist of applied questions, multiple choice and case studies / scenario
Analysis.
II. Final Examination (50%)
The final exam will consist of application of concepts in terms of numerical, MCQ, case study,
and questions on guest speaker sessions (if any)
III. Internals (20%)
Internal marks comprises of the following
a. Quizzes
During the semester, at least four quizzes will be given to the class. There will be no retake for
those who missed the quiz.
b. Project/ Topic / Case Study Presentation
Class will be divided in to reasonable syndicates for case studies / topic presentation/ class project.
Each syndicate will present the case / topic according to the recommended format.

QUALITY ASSURANCE
The completion of the course evaluation survey is mandatory and will be carried before the start
of the final exam. The findings of the survey are used in improving the course as well as its
delivery. The survey is conducted by quality enhancement cell of the university and is
anonymous.
 ABDUL WALI KHAN UNIVERSITY MARDAN
Institute of Business Studies & Leadership
Discipline: BS (Commerce)
Credit hours: 03
Course code: AH-302
Course Name: Introduction to Philosophy

Philosophical thinking is reflective and critical conceptual activity concerned with some of the
most enduring and challenging questions. It seeks to address them through creative critical
thinking, reasoned analysis and argumentation, and thoughtful discussion. The study of philosophy
develops skills in careful and flexible, imaginative thinking, critical analysis, sound reasoning and
argumentation, objective evaluation, clear and persuasive writing, and toleration of uncertainty.
The major program in philosophy is designed to provide a broad exposure to the major areas of
philosophy as well as a strong grounding in the history of the Western philosophical tradition. The
program emphasizes the close reading and critical evaluation of classic texts. Philosophy students
can expect to develop sophisticated interpretive, analytic and expository skill that will enable them
to engage in original, critical reflection on their own.

Weeks Course Contents of Introduction to Philosophy

Week – 1 Introduction of Philosophy
Week–2-3-4 Branches of Philosophy (Metaphysics, Epistemology, Logic, Psychology, Ethics and
Aesthetics
Week – 4 Importance of Philosophy
Week – 5 Different school of thoughts in Philosophy
Week – 6 Greek Philosophy(Thales, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle)
Week –7 Western/European and Modern Philosophy
MID TERM
Week-9-10- Muslim Philosophy(AL-Kindi, Ibn-Sina, Al-Ghazali)
11
Week – 12- Rene-Descartes ,David Hume, John Lock, Immanuel Kant, Frederick Nietzsche, Jean
13-14 Paul Sartre, and Allama Mohammad Iqbal
Week – 15 Presentations/Assignments
Final Examination

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1) An Introduction to Philosophy: Fullerton.

2) A Critical History of Greek Philosophy: W. T. Stace.

3) A History of Muslim Philosophy: MM Sharif

METHOD OF LEARNING AND CONTACT HOURS
A variety of techniques will be used to enhance your learning for this course. These include face-
to-face lecture, discussion, exams, cases, in-class group activities, and internet research and guest
speaker sessions. You are expected to come to every session prepared based on provided material.
Weekly contact of this course is 3 hours.

ASSESSMENT ITEMS AND WEIGHTS

Students will have several opportunities to demonstrate their knowledge and understanding of the
subject material taught in the class. Though much of the learning is actually achieved in-class,
students are expected to complete certain assignment, quizzes, and mini projects to pass the
subject. Students will be assessed according to the following criteria.
I. Mid Term Examination (30%)
Midterm exam will consist of applied questions, multiple choice and case studies / scenario
Analysis.
II. Final Examination (50%)
The final exam will consist of application of concepts in terms of numerical, MCQ, case study,
and questions on guest speaker sessions (if any)
III. Internals (20%)
Internal marks comprises of the following
a. Quizzes
During the semester, at least four quizzes will be given to the class. There will be no retake for
those who missed the quiz.
b. Project/ Topic / Case Study Presentation
Class will be divided in to reasonable syndicates for case studies / topic presentation/ class project.
Each syndicate will present the case / topic according to the recommended format.

QUALITY ASSURANCE
The completion of the course evaluation survey is mandatory and will be carried before the start
of the final exam. The findings of the survey are used in improving the course as well as its
delivery. The survey is conducted by quality enhancement cell of the university and is anonymous.
 ABDUL WALI KHAN UNIVERSITY MARDAN
Institute of Business Studies & Leadership
Discipline: BS (Commerce)
Credit hours: 03
Course code: CV-303
Course Name: Civics and Community Engagement

Weeks Course Contents of Civics and Community Engagement

Week – 1 Civics and Citizenship: Concepts of Civics, Citizenship, and Civic engagement,
Foundations of modern society and Citizenship, Types of Citizenship, active,
participatory, digital etc…
Week– 2-3 State, Government and Civil Society: Structure and functions of government in
Pakistan. The relationship between democracy and civil society. Right to vote and
importance of Political participation and representation.
Week – 4-5 Rights and Responsibilities: Overview of fundamental rights and liberties of citizens
under constitution of Pakistan 1973. Civic responsibilities and duties. Ethical
considerations in civic engagement
Week – 6-7 Community Engagement: Concept, nature and characteristics of community.
Community development and social cohesion. Approaches of effective community
engagement. Case studies of successful community driven initiatives
MID TERM
Week-9-10 Advocacy and Activism: Public discourse and Public opinion. Role of advocacy in
addressing social issues. Social actions movements.
Week – 11- Digital Citizenship and Technology: The use of digital platforms for civic
12 engagement. Cyber ethics and responsible use of social media. Digital divides and
disparities (access, Usage, Socioeconomics, geographic) and their impacts on
citizenship.
Week – 13- Diversity, Inclusion and Social Justice: Understanding diversity in society. Youth,
14 women and minorities, engagement in social development. Addressing social
inequalities and injustices in Pakistan.
Week – 15 Presentations/Assignments
Final Examination

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

i. “Civics Today: Citizenship, economics & You” by McGraw- Hill Education.

ii. “Citizenship in Diverse Societies” by Will Kymlicka and Wayne Norman.
iii. “Engaging Youth in Civic Life” by James Youniss and Peter Levine.
iv. “Digital Citizenship in Action: Empowering Students to Engage in online Communities”
by Kristen Mattson
ASSESSMENT ITEMS AND WEIGHTS
Students will have several opportunities to demonstrate their knowledge and understanding of the
subject material taught in the class. Though much of the learning is actually achieved in-class,
students are expected to complete certain assignment, quizzes, and mini projects to pass the
subject. Students will be assessed according to the following criteria.
I. Mid Term Examination (30%)
Midterm exam will consist of applied questions, multiple choice and case studies / scenario
Analysis.
II. Final Examination (50%)
The final exam will consist of application of concepts in terms of numerical, MCQ, case study,
and questions on guest speaker sessions (if any)
III. Internals (20%)
Internal marks comprises of the following
a. Quizzes
During the semester, at least four quizzes will be given to the class. There will be no retake for
those who missed the quiz.
b. Project/ Topic / Case Study Presentation
Class will be divided in to reasonable syndicates for case studies / topic presentation/ class project.
Each syndicate will present the case / topic according to the recommended format.

QUALITY ASSURANCE
The completion of the course evaluation survey is mandatory and will be carried before the start
of the final exam. The findings of the survey are used in improving the course as well as its
delivery. The survey is conducted by quality enhancement cell of the university and is
anonymous.
 BS (Commerce)
SEMESTER – 03

Course Code Semester – 01 Credit Hours

QR-304 Introduction to Statistics 3

ICT-302 Application of Information and
3 (2+1)
Communication Technology
MGT-HR-401 Human Resource Management 3
EP- 301 Entrepreneurship 3
MGT-AF-401 Financial Accounting-II 3
SS-313 Introduction to Economics 3
 ABDUL WALI KHAN UNIVERSITY MARDAN
Institute of Business Studies & Leadership
Discipline: BS (Commerce)
Credit hours: 03
Course code: QR-304
Course Name: Introduction to Statistics

COURSE DESCRIPTION
The main objectives of the course are to enhance students‟ competency in application of
statistics to solve business management problems and to improve their level of quantitative
sophistication for further advanced business analysis.

LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the conclusion of this course, the student will be:

1. Data description and data presentation in a business environment;

2. Measures of Central Tendency
3. Measure of Relative Dispersion
4. Use of index numbers
5. Basic probability concepts and probability distributions as an aid to business decision
making.

Weeks Course Contents of Introduction to Statistics

Week What is Statistics?
1&2 Introduction to Statistics, Key Statistical Concept, Practical Application, How managers
use Statistics
Week Collection and Presentation of data
3&4 Types of Data, Collection of Primary and Secondary Data, Presentation of Data,
Frequency Distribution, Stem and Leaf Diagram, Graphical Techniques for Quantitative
data, Scatter diagrams, Pie Charts, Bar Charts and Line Charts
Week Numerical Descriptive Measures
5&6 Measures of Central Location, Measures of Variability, Interpreting the Standard
Deviation and Coefficient of Variation, Measures of Moments and Skewnes
Week – 7 Index Numbers
Simple and Composite Index Numbers, Main Steps in the Construction of Index Numbers
of whole sale Prices, Fixed Base Method and Chain Base Method, Weighted and Un-
weighted Index Numbers, Quantity Index Numbers
Week Simple Regression and Correlation
8&9 Simple Regression, Deterministic and Probabilistic Models, Simple Linear Regression
Model, Standard Deviation of Regression Estimate, Correlation, Pearson Product
Moment Correlation Coefficient
Week Sampling and Sampling Distribution
10&11 Introduction, Sampling and Sampling Plans, Errors Involved in Sampling , Sampling
Distribution of the Sample mean, Other Sampling Distributions
 Week – Hypothesis testing: Describing a single population
12&13 Introduction, Concepts Basic to the Hypothesis testing ,Testing the population mean when
the Variance is known, Testing the population mean when the Variance is unknown,
Calculating the Power of a Hypothesis Test, Testing the population Proportion, Large
samples
Week-14 Chi-Square Distribution and Statistical Inference
Introduction, Chi-squared test of a multinomial experiment, Chi-squared test of a
contingency table, Chi-square as a test of Goodness of Fit, Inferences about a Population
variance
Week F-Distribution and Statistical Inference
15&16 Introduction, Confidence Interval for the Variance Ratio, Testing Hypothesis about the
Equality of Two Variances
Final Examination

RECOMMENDED/ REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Introduction to Statistical Theory, Part 1, by Prof. Sher Muhammad Chaudhry.(2009
Edition)
2. Basic Statistics for Business and Economics by EARLK. BOWN AND MARTIN
STARR
3. Introduction to Business Statistics 2004 Edition, Shamim Khan, Research and
Development Center Peshawar
4. Spiegel, M.R. Schiller, J.L and Sirinivasan, R.L. (2000) “Probability and Statistics” 2 nd
ed. Schaums Outlines Series. McGraw Hill. N.Y.
5. Introduction to Statistical Theory, Part II, by Prof. Sher Muhammad Chaudry.
6. Basic Statistics for Business and Economics by EARLK. BOWN AND MARTIN STARR
7. Introduction to Business Statistics 2004 Edition, Shamim Khan, Research and
Development Center Peshawar.
8. Statistics for Management, Richard I. Levin and David S. Rubin, Prentice-Hall
International, Inc

ASSESSMENT ITEMS AND WEIGHTS

Students will have several opportunities to demonstrate their knowledge and understanding of the
subject material taught in the class. Though much of the learning is actually achieved in-class,
students are expected to complete certain assignment, quizzes, and mini projects to pass the
subject. Students will be assessed according to the following criteria.
I. Mid Term Examination (30%)
Midterm exam will consist of applied questions, multiple choice and case studies / scenario
Analysis.
II. Final Examination (50%)
The final exam will consist of application of concepts in terms of numerical, MCQ, case study,
and questions on guest speaker sessions (if any)
III. Internals (20%)
Internal marks comprises of the following
a. Quizzes
During the semester, at least four quizzes will be given to the class. There will be no retake for
those who missed the quiz.
b. Project/ Topic / Case Study Presentation
Class will be divided in to reasonable syndicates for case studies / topic presentation/ class project.
Each syndicate will present the case / topic according to the recommended format.

QUALITY ASSURANCE
The completion of the course evaluation survey is mandatory and will be carried before the start
of the final exam. The findings of the survey are used in improving the course as well as its
delivery. The survey is conducted by quality enhancement cell of the university and is
anonymous.
 ABDUL WALI KHAN UNIVERSITY MARDAN
Institute of Business Studies & Leadership
Discipline: BS (Commerce)
Credit hours: 03
Course code: ICT-302
Course Name: Application of Information and Communication Technology

COURSE DISCRIPTION
The progress in Information Technology (IT) has been very rapid: new concepts and technologies
are constantly emerging and are leading to the development of new products and innovative
applications. IT is also expected to fuel development of next generation technologies in other
disciplines. IT has become a critical tool for economic, business and social development and will
play a pivotal and catalytic role in our nation's progress.
LEARNING OUTCOMES
Through this course, students will be able:
1. To know and understand the working of Computers, its Peripheral Devices; differentiate
between Multi-Tasking and Multi Processing. Learn basic principles of using Windows
operation system. Be able to understand the basics of networking, its emerging technologies.
As the technology changes day by day and improves every day it is becoming almost
impossible for a person to accomplish any task without help of computer. In general, develop
an intuitive sense of how computers work and how they can be used to make their academic
and professional life work more efficient.
2. To Increase productivity through the utilization of Microsoft Office applications such as
Word, Excel, PowerPoint and Outlook, with greater efficiency. This course will help them
master their skills in these commonly used commercial and professional softwares including
MIS & ERP’s.

Weeks Course Contents of Introduction to Information and Communication Technologies

Week Basic Definitions & Concepts of Computer, Functions and Characteristic of
1,2,3 Computer, Types and Generations of Computer. Hardware, Types of Hardware
Input & Output Devices,: Computer Systems & Components, Storage Devices.

Week 4 Number Systems, Software Definition Types of Software. Operating Systems,

Week 5 Introduction to Programming, Programming Languages, Introduction to DBMS,
Types of DBMS
Week 6, 7 Networking, Describing role of Computer Networking, Types of Networking,
LAN, MAN,WAN, Network Topologies (Star, Bus, Ring),
Week 8 Mid Term Exam
Week 9 Data Communication, Data Transmission, Digital and Analog Transmission,
Modems,
Week 10 The Internet, Browsers and Search Engines,
Week 11 Email, Collaborative Computing and Social Networking,
 Week 12 Introduction of E-Commerce, Types of E-Commerce, Benefits of E-Commerce,
Features On-Line Banking / Shopping, Tips & Techniques.
Week 13 INTRODUCTION TO GUI (Graphical User Interface) Desktop Icons, Start Menu,
Programs, setting, Control Panel, Display, Keyboard, Mouse, Shutdown.
Week Introduction to MS-OFFICE: MS-Word, MS-Excel, MS-Power Point
14,15
Week 16 Final Exam

Note: the credit hours for the subject ITC is being design per week with 2 credit hours
theoretical portions to be teached and one credit hour for lab work.
Text Books/Reference Books:
i. Introduction to Computers by Peter Norton, 6th International Edition (McGraw HILL)
ii. Using Information Technology: A Practical Introduction to Computer &
Communications by Williams Sawyer, 6th Edition (McGraw HILL)
iii. Computers, Communications & information: A user's introduction by Sarah E.
Hutchinson, Stacey C. Swayer
iv. Fundamentals of Information Technology by Alexis Leon, Mathewsleon Leon press

ASSESSMENT ITEMS AND WEIGHTS

Students will have several opportunities to demonstrate their knowledge and understanding of the
subject material taught in the class. Though much of the learning is actually achieved in-class,
students are expected to complete certain assignment, quizzes, and mini projects to pass the
subject. Students will be assessed according to the following criteria.
I. Mid Term Examination (30%)
Midterm exam will consist of applied questions, multiple choice and case studies / scenario
Analysis.
II. Final Examination (50%)
The final exam will consist of application of concepts in terms of numerical, MCQ, case study,
and questions on guest speaker sessions (if any)
III. Internals (20%)
Internal marks comprises of the following
a. Quizzes
During the semester, at least four quizzes will be given to the class. There will be no retake for
those who missed the quiz.
b. Project/ Topic / Case Study Presentation
Class will be divided in to reasonable syndicates for case studies / topic presentation/ class project.
Each syndicate will present the case / topic according to the recommended format.

QUALITY ASSURANCE
The completion of the course evaluation survey is mandatory and will be carried before the start
of the final exam. The findings of the survey are used in improving the course as well as its
delivery. The survey is conducted by quality enhancement cell of the university and is
anonymous.
 ABDUL WALI KHAN UNIVERSITY MARDAN
Institute of Business Studies & Leadership
Discipline: BS (Commerce)
Credit hours: 03
Course code: MGT-HR-401
Course Name: Human Resource Management

COURSE DESCRIPTION
Organizations succeed through efficient and effective use of resources; central to the resources is
human resources. It is therefore imperative to know how organization maintain & retain its
human resources. The course is designed to give students insight of theoretical perspective,
concepts, issues and practices in human resource management. This course is basically designed
to provide students the basic understanding of key HRM functions, which include HR planning,
recruitment & selection, compensation, performance evaluation, and training & development.
Since human resource provides a competitive advantage that ultimately has a vital role in success
and effectiveness of any organization, this course emphasizes on the understanding of the basic
concepts of managing human resource and their applications in today’s organizations. The
course is designed to help the students understand if western human resource management
theories and practices have any relevance to the local settings. The course will also discuss the
Islamic perspective of managing human resource.

LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of this course, students should be able to:
1. Determine a comprehensive knowledge of the activities and decisions that inform the
employment relationship and management including recruitment, selection, training,
health and safety, employment laws, motivation, and productivity of employees.
2. Relationship between HRM theories with practical life and diverse culture.
3. Understand the different phases of HR process like planning, recruitment, selection,
training, development, compensation, reward, compensation, bargain and negotiation.

Weeks Course Contents of Human Resource Management

Week THE HUMAN RESOURCE FRAMEWORKS
1&2 Introduction to Human Resource Management, Objectives of Human Resource
Management, Human Resource Management Activities , External Organizational
Challenges to Human Resource Management, Internal Organizational Challenges to
Human Resource Management
Week HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING
3&4 Need for Human Resource Planning, Factors Shaping Organization Demand for Human
Resources, Forecasting Techniques for Human Resource, Career Planning Defined,
Advantages of Career Planning, Major Actions Aiding Career Development
Week – 5 RECRUITMENT & SELECTION
Definition of Recruitment, Recruitment Process, Constraints and Challenges of
 Recruitment Process, Recruitment Channel, Selection Defined, Selection Process
Week – 6 EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY
HRM in Global Environment Current Issues
Week – 7 PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
Introduction to Performance Appraisal, Uses of Performance Appraisal, Elements of
Performance Appraisal Systems Appraisal Methods
MID TERM
Week – 9 TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT
Difference between Training and Development, Steps to Training and Development
Week – INTERACTIVE CONFLICTS AND NEGOTIATION SKILLS
10 Individual Conflicts , Interpersonal Conflicts .Inter Group Behavior and Conflicts
Organizational Conflicts , Negotiation Skills ,Traditional Negotiation Skills , Newly
Emerging Skills
Week – HEALTH & SAFETY AT WORK PLACE
11 Introduction, Important of Health & Safety at Work, Health & Safety Policies &
Implementation , Changing attitude to Health & Safety

Week – COMPENSATION AND BENFITS

12 Objectives of Compensation Management, Challenges affecting Compensation

MOTIVATION & REWARD SYSTEM

Week-13 Concept of motivation, Reward system, Motivation techniques, Employees Disciplines
Week COLLECTIVE BARGAINING & INTERNAL EMPLOYEE
14,15 RELATIONS
The Collective Bargaining Process, Bargaining Issues A Global Perspective of IER

Week – Group Presentations

16
Final Examination

RECOMMENDED / REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Human Resource & Personnel, William B. Werther& Keith Davis
2. McGraw Hill.
3. HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, Bernardin& Russell, latest Edition.
4. McGraw Hill.
5. ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR, Fred Luthans. Latest Edition, McGraw Hill.
6. Organizational Behavior, Robert Kreitner & Angelokinicki , Latest Edition, IR

ASSESSMENT ITEMS AND WEIGHTS

Students will have several opportunities to demonstrate their knowledge and understanding of
the subject material taught in the class. Though much of the learning is actually achieved in-
class, students are expected to complete certain assignment, quizzes, and mini projects to pass
the subject. Students will be assessed according to the following criteria.
I. Mid Term Examination (30%)
Midterm exam will consist of applied questions, multiple choice and case studies / scenario
Analysis.
II. Final Examination (50%)
The final exam will consist of application of concepts in terms of numerical, MCQ, case study,
and questions on guest speaker sessions (if any)
III. Internals (20%)
Internal marks comprises of the following
a. Quizzes
During the semester, at least four quizzes will be given to the class. There will be no retake for
those who missed the quiz.
b. Project/ Topic / Case Study Presentation
Class will be divided in to reasonable syndicates for case studies / topic presentation/ class
project. Each syndicate will present the case / topic according to the recommended format.

QUALITY ASSURANCE
The completion of the course evaluation survey is mandatory and will be carried before the start
of the final exam. The findings of the survey are used in improving the course as well as its
delivery. The survey is conducted by quality enhancement cell of the university and is
anonymous.
 ABDUL WALI KHAN UNIVERSITY MARDAN
Institute of Business Studies & Leadership
Discipline: BS (Commerce)
Credit hours: 03
Course code: EP- 301
Course Name: Entrepreneurship

COURSE DESCRIPTION
The objective of the course is too elucidating the role of creativity, entrepreneurial and innovative
business activities and their management, within a domestic and global environment. The course
aims to engender critical analytical skills, creative problem solving in the development and
evaluation of new venture ideas while understanding both the opportunities and constraints faced
by entrepreneurs. This course facilitates development of skills in conceptualizing, developing, and
implementing advertising programs consistent with a formulated marketing strategy. The
framework of advertising is used to expose students to various concepts, tools, and techniques
utilized in making better advertising decision by competing in a comprehensive project. This
course is about learning of risk and failure and growing from it. It is about learning to forge one’s
ideas into workable business concepts, commit them to paper, and flesh them out into a reasonable
form that can be tested to see if it could stand up to the demands of the market. The students must
write at a top level, argue the potential of their ideas, and convince investors that their ideas are
worth being born in the marketplace.

LEARNING OUTCOMES
After completing this course, the participants should be able to:
1. Develop an idea for a new venture;
2. Research its potential and understand the risks associated;
3. Undertake marketing, positioning, and customer development;
4. Prepare an analysis of the financial requirements and build a financial strategy for the new
venture, including incremental appreciation of the equity base;
5. Plan for the execution and management of all the relevant functional areas of new venture
including operations, supply chain, information systems, and human resources etc.
6. Identify and prepare legal documents, IP policy, contracts, etc. and
7. Develop a comprehensive business plan for their venture

Week wise distribution of course

Weeks Course Contents of Entrepreneurship

Week- 1-2 INTRODUCTION TO ENTREPRENEURSHIP: The Nature and Importance of
Entrepreneurship: Nature and Development of Entrepreneurship;
Entrepreneurial Decision Process; Role of Entrepreneurs in Economic
development; Ethics and Social Responsibility of Entrepreneurship; The
Future of Entrepreneurship 98 The Entrepreneur and Entrepreneurial
Mind: The Entrepreneurship process; Myths of Entrepreneurs, Managerial
VS Entrepreneurial Decision Making; Entrepreneurial Leadership
Characteristics. The Nature and Importance of SMEs: Nature and Scope
 of Entrepreneurship; SMEs Definitions / Understanding by various
Regulatory Authorities in Pakistan; SMEs contribution to GDP of any
country, and of Pakistan; SMEDA’ s Role in promoting and developing
SMEs
Week- IDEA GENERATION: The Individual Entrepreneur, and Techniques for Idea
3 Generation Process; Entrepreneur VS Intrapreneur. Inside the Entrepreneurial Mind:
From Ideas to reality: Creativity, Innovation and Entrepreneurship; Creativity A
necessity for survival; Creative Thinking; Barriers to creativity; How to enhance
creativity; The creative Process; Techniques for improving the creative process;
Protecting your ideas.
Week PLANNING: The Customer and Product Plan/Feasibility: Understanding of Customer
4&5 through Demand and Desire, and of Product (Good and/or Service) The Industry and
Marketing Plan/Feasibility: Understanding of Marketing Plan, Characteristics of
Marketing Plan; and Environment Analysis and Steps in preparing the Marketing Plan
The Financial Plan/Feasibility: Operating and Capital Budgets, Break Even Analysis;
Cash Flows and Balance Sheets The Organizational Plan/Feasibility: Developing the
management team; Building the successful Organization, The Role of BODs
Week – 6 BUSINESS PLANS AND BUSINESS MODEL Business Plan: Components, and
Classification of Business Plans Financing Options: e.g. Leveraged Buyouts;
Week – 7 PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE: Preparing for the new Launch; Execution & Growth;
Managing early growth of the New Venture
MID TERM
Week-9 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES / TRENDS AND THEIR IMPACT: PESTEL
Analysis, and Competitive Environment Analysis
Week-10 STRATEGIC OPTIONS FOR GROWTH Options: Joint Venture; Franchising;
Acquisitions; Synergy; Mergers; Hostile Takeovers; Licensing etc. Sustainability
Analysis and Maintenance
Week-11 INTERNATIONAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP OPPORTUNITIES: The Nature of
International Entrepreneurship; Importance of International Entrepreneurship;
Entrepreneurial Entry into International Business
Week- SME Definition: Importance of SME, SME in Pakistan
12
Week CONTEMPORARY ISSUES • Management of SMEs in today’s world • Promotion
13&14 and Development of SMEs in Pakistan • SMEs’ contribution towards Income,
Employment and other Macroeconomic Variables • Management succession and
continuity: A family Business Perspective • Woman and Minority Entrepreneurship •
Social Entrepreneurship (Social Responsibility) • Latest Theories/Research Work on
SMEs and Entrepreneurship • Any other ancillary topic/issue/research/article
Week – 15 Group Presentations
Final Examination

RECOMMENDED / REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Entrepreneurship: Successfully Launching New Ventures by Bruce R. Barringer, Duane
Ireland, Latest Edition
2. Entrepreneurship new venture creation by David H. Holt - Latest Edition
 3. Pitts R.A. and Snow C.C., Strategies for Competitive Success, Johan Willy - Latest Edition
4. Barlett, Christopher A., and Sumantra Goshal. Strategy & Leadership - Latest Edition
5. Kagan, Daniel. (Latest Edition), Why Entrepreneurs ignore good advice: A study in non-
linearity and Ego. Human System Management Vol14, no 4, pp327-33.
6. Thomas W. Zimmer, Norman M, Essentials of entrepreneurship and small business
management, Prentice Hall - Latest Edition
7. Donald F. Kuratko, Richard M. Hodegetts, Entrepreneurship, Theory, Process and Practise -
Latest Edition

METHOD OF LEARNING AND CONTACT HOURS

A variety of techniques will be used to enhance your learning for this course. These include face-
to-face lecture, discussion, exams, cases, in-class group activities, and internet research and guest
speaker sessions. You are expected to come to every session prepared based on provided material.
Weekly contact of this course is 3 hours.

ASSESSMENT ITEMS AND WEIGHTS

Students will have several opportunities to demonstrate their knowledge and understanding of the
subject material taught in the class. Though much of the learning is actually achieved in-class,
students are expected to complete certain assignment, quizzes, and mini projects to pass the
subject. Students will be assessed according to the following criteria.
I. Mid Term Examination (30%)
Midterm exam will consist of applied questions, multiple choice and case studies / scenario
Analysis.
II. Final Examination (50%)
The final exam will consist of application of concepts in terms of numerical, MCQ, case study,
and questions on guest speaker sessions (if any)

III. Internals (20%)

Internal marks comprises of the following
a. Quizzes
During the semester, at least four quizzes will be given to the class. There will be no retake for
those who missed the quiz.

b. Project/ Topic / Case Study Presentation

Class will be divided in to reasonable syndicates for case studies / topic presentation/ class project.
Each syndicate will present the case / topic according to the recommended format.

QUALITY ASSURANCE
The completion of the course evaluation survey is mandatory and will be carried before the start
of the final exam. The findings of the survey are used in improving the course as well as its
delivery. The survey is conducted by quality enhancement cell of the university and is
anonymous.
 ABDUL WALI KHAN UNIVERSITY MARDAN
Institute of Business Studies & Leadership
Discipline: BS (Commerce)
Credit hours: 03
Course code: MGT-AF-401
Course Name: FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING II

COURSE DESCRIPTION/OBJECTIVE
This course is built upon the Financial Accounting Course in the sense that it provides advanced
treatment of basic techniques learned in the first course of Financial Accounting. It mainly
focuses upon the company accounts and their understanding in the context of the IAS and
companies ordinance 1984.
LEARNING OUTCOMES
After studying this course the student will be able to understand:
1. The formation of companies and important financial statements (balance sheet, income
statement/profit and loss account, cash flow statement, statement of owner equity) of Public
Limited companies.
2. Exposer about company annual report and notes to the accounts.
3. The accounting for partnership and non-profit organizations.
4. The accounting for consolidated statements.
5. Accounting for leasing and fixed assets.

Week wise distribution of course

Weeks Course Contents of FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING II

Week- 1, 2 Forms of Business Enterprises:
Sole Proprietorship, Partnership, Corporation (Company)
Registration of businesses and commencement of operations.
Sole Trader ship in Detail,
How to become a successful Entrepreneur
Week- Partnership Accounts:
3, 4 Introduction,
Formation, Admission & Liquidation,
Division of Income,
Week Corporation Accounting:
5, 6 Introduction, Formation of Corporation, Types of Capital
Types of Shares/Stock (Ordinary shares, Preference Shares, Issuance of Shares) &
Debentures/Bond,
Accounting process for issue of shares and Debentures,
Preparation of Corporation’s Balance Sheet,
Week – 7, Plant Assets & Depreciation:
8 Categories of Plant Assets.
Depreciation Methods
MACRS Methods.
Amortization & Depletion Methods
 MID TERM
Week- Sales Day Book and Sales Ledger: Introduction, Cash Sales, Credit Sales, Making entries
9,10 in the Sales Day Book, Posting Credit Sales to the Sales Ledger,
Purchase Day Book and Purchases Ledger: Introduction, Purchases Invoices, Making
Entries in the Purchase Day Book, Posting Credit Purchases to the Purchases Ledger,
Week-11, Single Entry and Incomplete Records: introduction, why not double entry system,
12 drawing financial statement, incomplete records and missing figures.
Single Entry and Incomplete Records: Differentiation between single and double entry
system, where there are two missing pieces of information, cash sales and purchases for
cash, inventory stolen, lost or destroyed,
Week-13, Joint Ventures Accounts: Introduction, Nature of Joint Venture, Accounting for Large
14 Joint Ventures, Accounting for smaller Joint Ventures.
Joint Ventures Accounts: Financial Reporting of Interests in Joint Venture,
Week-15 Analysis of Financial Statements
Preparing Final Accounts, Profit & Loss Account, Balance Sheet, Preparation of Cash
Flow Statement, Published Annual Reports

Week-16 Group Presentations

Final Examination

TEXT/REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. By Williams, Haka, Bettner: Financial & Managerial Accounting, Latest Edition. Publisher
Prentice Hall
2. Professor Muhammad Ammanullah Khan: Financial Accounting, Latest Edition
3. Frank wood, Business Accounting –II, (Latest Edition)
4. Miegs and Meigs, Accounting for Business Decision, 12th/Latest Edition

ASSESSMENT ITEMS AND WEIGHTS

Students will have several opportunities to demonstrate their knowledge and understanding of
the subject material taught in the class. Though much of the learning is actually achieved in-
class, students are expected to complete certain assignment, quizzes, and mini projects to pass
the subject. Students will be assessed according to the following criteria.

I. Mid Term Examination (30%)

Midterm exam will consist of applied questions, multiple choice and case studies / scenario
Analysis.
II. Final Examination (50%)
The final exam will consist of application of concepts in terms of numerical, MCQ, case study,
and questions on guest speaker sessions (if any)
III. Internals (20%)
Internal marks comprises of the following
a. Quizzes
During the semester, at least four quizzes will be given to the class. There will be no retake for
those who missed the quiz.
b. Project/ Topic / Case Study Presentation
Class will be divided in to reasonable syndicates for case studies / topic presentation/ class
project. Each syndicate will present the case / topic according to the recommended format.

QUALITY ASSURANCE
The completion of the course evaluation survey is mandatory and will be carried before the start
of the final exam. The findings of the survey are used in improving the course as well as its
delivery. The survey is conducted by quality enhancement cell of the university and is
anonymous.
 ABDUL WALI KHAN UNIVERSITY MARDAN
Institute of Business Studies & Leadership
Discipline: BS (Commerce)
Credit hours: 03
Course code: SS-313
Course Name: Introduction to Economics

COURSE DESCRIPTION
The objectives of this is to give the knowledge about the economic principles and its implication
to the modern society and the subject also provides knowledge about theoretical concepts involved
in common economic phenomenon. Furthermore this course aims at giving students knowledge
about the working of a mixed economy at the aggregate level under pinning of aggregate output
and income determination, key Economics problems and major policy debate.

LEARNING OUTCOME
At the end of this course, students will be able to:
1. To become familiar with and readily use economic terminology.
2. To learn about the analytical approach economists take to the problem of scarcity.
3. To gain an intuitive understanding of economic theory and application.
4. To acquire better critical thinking skills through the analysis of present day economic issues.
5. To provide a foundation for possible careers in business, government, academic or other sectors.
6. To develop a conscious recognition of economics in the world around us.

WEEKS Course Contents of Introduction to Economics

1&2 Introduction
Basic Concept of economics, Definition of Economics, Nature, scope of
economics. History of Economics, Classification of Economics.
Adam Smith, Marshal & Robbins Explanation of Economics Criticism on it.
Factors of Production, Function of productions.
3&4 Basic Elements of Supply and Demand
Definition of Demand, Law of Demand, Assumptions, Limitations, Shifts in
Demand, Curve, Individual and market Demand, Determinants of Demand,
Elasticity of Demand, Income Elasticity, Price Elasticity, Cross Elasticity,
Determinants of Elasticity, Definition of Supply, Law of Supply, Assumptions,
Limitation, Shifts in Supply curve Determinants of Supply, Market Equilibrium,
The Effects of Demand Shift on Equilibrium, The Effect of Supply shifts on
Equilibrium
5&6
Demand and Consumer Behavior
Introduction, Utility, Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility, Law of Equal and
Marginal Utility, Indifference Curve Approach, It’s Shape, Assumptions, Budget
constraint, Income And Substitution Effects of a consumer
7 Analysis of Cost
 Introduction, Total cost, Fixed Cost, Variable Cost, Marginal Cost, Average Cost,
Average Fixed and Variable Cost

MID TERM
9 Concept of National Income: The Economy’s Income and Expenditure,
Measuring Gross Domestic Product. (GDP), The components of GDP/GNP, Real
Versus nominal GDP, Keynesians Three Sector Macroeconomic Model. Net
National Product, Personal Income.
10 Money and Interest:
Definition of Money, Barter System and its difficulties, Kinds of Money, Functions
of Money, Quantity Theory of Money, Keynesian Theory of Money.

11&12 Consumption, Investment and Savings.

Introduction, Keynes Consumption Function, Marginal propensity to consume,
Average propensity to consume. Business fixed investment, Residential
Investment, Inventory Investment. Functions of savings. Taxation
Introduction, Canon of Taxes, Kinds of taxes, Sources of Govt. Revenue,
Government Expenditure.
13&14 Monopolistic competition
Monopoly, Conditions of Monopoly, Long Run and Short Run Analysis,
Monopolistic Competition, Oligopoly Markets, Duopoly Markets, Conditions of
Oligopoly Markets and Duopoly Markets.
15 Inflation: Meaning of Inflation, Types of Inflation, and Causes of Inflation in
Pakistan, Control Mechanism of Inflation.
Week- 16 Presentation Session
Final Examination

RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Khwaja, Abdul, Haleem (2009). Economic Theory. Islamabad: Khwaja and Khwaja
Publishing House
2. Shapiro Edward, latest edition, Macroeconomic Analysis.
3. Sloman, John. (1997). Economic. Singapore Prentice Hall
4. Frank, Robert. H and Bernanke, Ben.S. (2001). Principles of Economics. London:
McGraw-Hill Irwim.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Sumuelson, Economics Seventh Edition,
2. Shahid Hamid Macroeconomics.
METHOD OF LEARNING AND CONTACT HOURS
A variety of techniques will be used to enhance your learning for this course. These include face-
to-face lecture, discussion, exams, cases, in-class group activities, and internet research and guest
speaker sessions. You are expected to come to every session prepared based on provided material.
Weekly contact of this course is 3 hours.
ASSESSMENT ITEMS AND WEIGHTS
Students will have several opportunities to demonstrate their knowledge and understanding of the
subject material taught in the class. Though much of the learning is actually achieved in-class,
students are expected to complete certain assignment, quizzes, and mini projects to pass the
subject. Students will be assessed according to the following criteria.
I. Mid Term Examination (30%)
Midterm exam will consist of applied questions, multiple choice and case studies / scenario
Analysis.
II. Final Examination (50%)
The final exam will consist of application of concepts in terms of numerical, MCQ, case study,
and questions on guest speaker sessions (if any)
III. Internals (20%)
Internal marks comprises of the following
a. Quizzes
During the semester, at least four quizzes will be given to the class. There will be no retake for
those who missed the quiz.
b. Project/ Topic / Case Study Presentation
Class will be divided in to reasonable syndicates for case studies / topic presentation/ class project.
Each syndicate will present the case / topic according to the recommended format.
QUALITY ASSURANCE
The completion of the course evaluation survey is mandatory and will be carried before the start
of the final exam. The findings of the survey are used in improving the course as well as its
delivery. The survey is conducted by quality enhancement cell of the university and is
anonymous.