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L2 - DC Circuits

The document discusses electric circuits and their basic elements. It defines an electric circuit as an interconnection of simple electrical devices that form a closed path for current flow. The five basic circuit elements are described as active elements (voltage and current sources) and passive elements (resistors, inductors, and capacitors). Both ideal and practical voltage and current sources are examined as the independent sources, along with dependent sources such as voltage-controlled voltage sources and current-controlled current sources.

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Prateek Prabhash
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202 views14 pages

L2 - DC Circuits

The document discusses electric circuits and their basic elements. It defines an electric circuit as an interconnection of simple electrical devices that form a closed path for current flow. The five basic circuit elements are described as active elements (voltage and current sources) and passive elements (resistors, inductors, and capacitors). Both ideal and practical voltage and current sources are examined as the independent sources, along with dependent sources such as voltage-controlled voltage sources and current-controlled current sources.

Uploaded by

Prateek Prabhash
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Analysis of Electric Circuits

Review of Circuit Elements Methods for Circuit Analysis

Electric Circuit - Review

Outline
What is an Electric Circuit? Basic Circuit Elements Sources Voltage & Current

Reference Books
Chapter 2-4 of Reference 1; [Hughes E] Chapter 3 of Reference 2; [Nagasarkar & Sukhija] Chapter 1-2 of Reference 3; [Kothari & Nagrath]

ELE 101 / 102

Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal

Electric Circuit - Key terms

Electric Circuit
An interconnection of simple electrical devices with at least one closed path in which current may flow An Electric circuit is a mathematical model that approximates the behavior of an actual Electrical system

ELE 101 / 102

Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal

Circuit Elements

Two terminal component that cannot be sub-divided


Described mathematically in terms of its terminal voltage & current 5 basic circuit elements
Active Elements
Voltage and Current sources

Passive Elements
Resistors, Inductors and Capacitors

ELE 101 / 102

Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal

Circuit Elements
Basic Circuit Elements Active Elements Sources Dependent sources Independent sources

Review topics

Passive Elements
1. Resistors 2. Inductors 3. Capacitors

Voltage sources
Ideal (DC) Voltage source Practical (DC) Voltage source

Current sources
Ideal (DC) Current source Practical (DC) Current source

+-

Vs
Vs
ELE 101 / 102

+V s

Rs

Is

Is

Rs
5

Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal

Ideal Nature
An ideal voltage source maintains a prescribed voltage regardless of the current in the device. Internal resistance Rs = 0 An ideal current source maintains a prescribed current regardless of the voltage across the device. Internal resistance Rs = An ideal or practical source is called as active element

ELE 101 / 102

Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal

Ideal Sources
Independent Voltage & Current Sources
Circuit Representation

Ideal Voltage Sources (DC) Vs +Vs

Ideal Current Sources (DC)

Is

ELE 101 / 102

Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal

Practical Sources
Independent Voltage & Current Sources
Circuit Representation

Practical Voltage Sources Vs Rs +-

Practical Current Sources

Is

Rs

ELE 101 / 102

Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal

Source Transformation
Rs

Conversion of Practical Voltage source to Current source & vice versa

+a

+ Vs -b

Voltage & Current sources shown in the figure are electrically equivalent if
Vs = Ip * Rp or Rs = Rp (Ip = Vs/Rs)

+a Ip Rp

-b
Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal 9

ELE 101 / 102

Dependent Sources
Voltage Controlled Voltage Source (VCVS) Voltage Controlled Current Source (VCCS) Current Controlled Voltage Source (CCVS) Current Controlled Current Source (CCCS)

ELE 101 / 102

Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal

10

Dependent Sources Voltage Controlled


Voltage Controlled Voltage Source (VCVS)

Vcd = uVab
ELE 101 / 102 Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal 11

Dependent Sources Voltage Controlled


Voltage Controlled Current Source (VCCS)

I
b d

I = uVab
ELE 101 / 102 Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal 12

Dependent Sources Current Controlled


Current Controlled Voltage Source (CCVS)
Ia
a c

V
b d

Vcd = uIa

ELE 101 / 102

Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal

13

Dependent Sources Current Controlled


Current Controlled Current Source (CCCS)

Ia
a c

I
b d

I = uIa
ELE 101 / 102 Dept of E & E Engg, MIT Manipal 14

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