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Systematic Sampling: Jerne Kaz Niels B. Paber

This document discusses systematic sampling. It begins by defining systematic sampling and its objectives. It then explains how to select a random sample using systematic sampling by first selecting a random number as the starting point, then selecting every kth unit after that. It provides an example and discusses handling non-integer sampling intervals. The document notes advantages of systematic sampling, such as its ease of use, and disadvantages, such as potential bias if there is an unknown ordering in the population.

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151 views11 pages

Systematic Sampling: Jerne Kaz Niels B. Paber

This document discusses systematic sampling. It begins by defining systematic sampling and its objectives. It then explains how to select a random sample using systematic sampling by first selecting a random number as the starting point, then selecting every kth unit after that. It provides an example and discusses handling non-integer sampling intervals. The document notes advantages of systematic sampling, such as its ease of use, and disadvantages, such as potential bias if there is an unknown ordering in the population.

Uploaded by

kazniels
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Systematic

Sampling
Jerne Kaz Niels B. Paber
1

systematic sampling

Demonstrate how to select a random sample


using systematic sampling design

Session Objectives

To introduce basic sampling concepts in

Sampling frame
Select a random number g in the interval
1 g K, using a random mechanism e.g. random
number tables,
where K = N
n

K is called the Sampling Interval


N is the population size; n is the sample size
The random number g is called the random start and
constitutes the first unit of the sample

Sample Selection Procedure

List all the units in the population from 1,2,,N

Take every kth unit after the random start


The selected units will be
g, g+k, g+2k, g+3k, g+4k, ,g+(n-1)k
Until we have n units
Example N =10000, n=100
k=

10000
100

=100

Suppose g=87

Sample Selection Procedure

NB: This procedure is however only valid if k


is an integer (whole number)

If k is not an integer (whole number) there are


a number of methods we can use. We will
consider just two of them

Sample Selection Procedure

We select the following units


87, 187, 287, 387,, 9987

first

Select a random start g between 1 and N, using a random


mechanism

Add the intervals k until n units are selected


Any convenient interval k will result into a random sample

Sample Selection Procedure

Method 1: Use Circular Sampling


Treat the list as circular so that the last unit is followed by the

closest to the ratio

N
n

Method 2: Use Fractional Intervals


Suppose we want to select a sample of 100 units
from a population of 21,156.

Calculate k =

21156
100

=211.56

Select a random start g between 1 and 21156


using a random mechanism

Sample Selection Procedure

One suitable suggestion is to choose the integer k

obtaining exactly 100 numbers


The numbers will be 582, 21738, 42894,
Divide each number by 100 and round to
the nearest whole number to get the
selected sample, i.e.
6, 217, 429, etc

Sample Selection Procedure

Suppose g = 582
Add the interval 21156 successively

foolproof and flexible to implement

It is especially easy to give instructions to


fieldworkers

If we order our list prior to taking the

sample, the sample will reflect the ordering


and as such can easily give a proportionate
sample

Advantages and Disadvantages of


Systematic sampling

Advantages:
The major advantage is that it is easy, almost

The main disadvantage is that if there is


an ordering (monotonic trend or
periodicity) in the list which is unknown
to the researcher, this may bias the
resulting estimates

There is a problem of estimating variance


from systematic sampling- variance is
biased

Advantages and Disadvantages of


Systematic sampling

Disadvantages:

10

Thank You Very Much!

11

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