INDIRECT VECTOR CONTROL OF
INDUCTIONMOTOR WITH RANDOM LOADING
USING ANN
By
M.DINESH Reddy
(R.No.: 645403)
Internal Guide: Sri.T. Reddy ME, (Ph.D)
OVER VIEW
Introduction
Vector Control Scalar Control Set backs
Induction motor Modelling
Neural Controller Conventional Controller Set backs
Simulations
Results
Conclusion
Bibiliography
INTRODUCTION
The simulation of Vector controlled Induction motor is done
indirectly by Matlab Simulink.
The Torque - Speed characteristics are similar to dc drive with
high starting torque and variable speed.
Vector control decouples Torque and Flux control of IM.
The Indirect Vector control scheme is preferred in the industry
because of its simplicity.
The IM is modeled using the d-q transformation as it
adequately simulates the transient performance.
The dynamic behavior can be made to match with that of
Separately excited dc motor.
Overview
Scalar Control
Controls only Magnitude of control variables
System gives Sluggish response due to the coupling effect.
Less effective
High Current transients
System easily prone to instability.
Overview
Vector Control
Both the Magnitude and Phase alignment of vector variables are
controlled.
Decouples the Torque and Flux control of InductionMotor.
Vector control gives fast dynamic response without high current
transients.
Vector control operation leads to Low energy Consumption,Low
operating costs and High efficiency.
Induction motor can be controlled like a separately exited dc
motor.
Overview
Fig (a) Separately Excited DC motor
Fig (b) Vector- Controlled Induction motor.
Overview
Principle of Vector Control:
.Frequency as well as the phase are controlled indirectly with the
help of the unit vector.
Overview
Direct Vector Control:
Direct relies on Flux feedback.
Complex to implement.
High cost.
Measurement is not accurate.
Indirect Vector Control:
Indirect relies on Speed feedback
Easily to implement.
Low cost.
Accurate response.
Overview
Phasor diagram of Indirect Vector control :
rotor pole is directed on de axis
we = wr + wsl
Overview
Field component Iqs should be aligned on the de axis &Torque
component of current Ids should be on the qe axis
e e dt r sl dt r sl
The total finalized equations :
I qs 2/3 2/P L r /L m Te / r
Whe
re
Slip
speed
est
r (L m I ds )/(1 r s)
est
r )
sl (L m /L r )(Iqs /
est
Overview
Modelling of the Induction Motor
The voltage equations of induction motor are time varying and complex in
nature.
A transformation is used which converts stator and rotor variables of induction
motor to a frame of reference that rotates at an arbitrary angular velocity.
fqd0s =Ks f abcs
The above equation transforms 3 phase variables of stationary circuit elements
to arbitrary reference frame.
Three phase stationary reference frame (as-bs cs) variables into two phase
stationary reference) frame (ds qs)
neglect the Zero sequence component.
Overview
Complete Induction Machine Model:
Overview
Synchronously rotating reference frame dynamic
model
to represent both ds -qs circuits and dr -qr their variables in a
synchronously rotating frame de qe
Dynamic de -qe equivalent circuit of machine qe axis circuit:
Overview
Dynamic de - qe equivalent circuit of machine - de axis circuit
Overview
Voltage equations :
Vqs R s i qs
qs e ds
dt
Vds R s i ds
ds e qs
dt
d
Vqr R r i qr qr e r dr
dt
Vdr R r i dr
dr e r qr
dt
Overview
Flux linkages equations:
qse = Lls iqse + Lm(iqse +iqre )
dse = Lls idse + Lm(idse +idre )
qre = Llr iqre + Lm(iqse +iqre )
dre = Llr idre + Lm(idse +idre )
qme = Lm(iqse +iqre )
dme = Lm(idse +idre )
Overview
Dynamic model state equations
d qs /dt Vqs e ds R s /L Ls (L ml /L Lr ) qr [(L ml /L ls ) 1] qs
d ds /dt Vqs e qs R s /L Ls {(L ml /L Lr ) dr [(L ml /L ls ) 1] ds }
d qr /dt {( e r ) qs R r /L Lr {(L ml /L Ls ) qs [(L ml /L lr ) 1] qr }}
d dr /dt {-( e r ) qr R r /L Lr {(L ml /L Ls ) ds [(L ml /L lr ) 1] dr }}
dwr / dt = (P/2J)* (Te-TL)
Overview
Conventional PI Controller
Controller: Modify the error signal & achieve better control
action.
Modify the transient response & the steady state error of the
system.
The aim of a PI controller is to determine the stator voltage
frequency that will make the measured output (speed of the
rotor) reach the reference.
A proportional (kp) term,which is equal to the product of the
error signal by a constant called the proportional gain.
The integral (Ki) term of the controller is used to eliminate
small steady errors.The I term calculates a continuous running
total of the error signal.
Overview
PI Controller:
Set backs:
High Peak Overshoot
Prolong Settlingtime
Overview
Neural Proportional Integral Controller:
The Neural PI controller is same as the Conventional PI controller
but the gain blocks are realised using Neural network techniques.
ANN: It is the most generic form of AI for emulating the human
thinking process.
The basic structure of a Neuron is shown below:
Overview
MODEL OF A NEURON
A Neuron is the fundamental building block of nervous system that
performs computational and communication function.
Overview
Artificial Neural Network : It can be defined as a highly connected ensemble of processing
elements called neurons or nodes.
An artificial neuron is a multi-input, single output processing element
consisting of a summation operation and an activation function.
Overview
Neural Network Subsystem
Layer Subsystem
Overview
Advantages:
1. Neural networks can perform massively parallel operations.
2. Neural networks exhibit fault tolerance since the information is
distributed in the connections throughout the network.
3. Self learning capability
4. Real time operation.
5. By using Neural PI controller the Peak overshoot is reduced
and the system reaches the steady state quickly when
compared to a conventional PI controller.
Overview
Neural PI Controller
Applications:
Sales Forecasting
Industrial Process control
Customer Research
Data Validation
Risk Management
Target Marketing
Overview
SIMULATION RESULTS:
Overview
PARAMETERS:
3 PHASE Induction Motor RATING @ 50hp, 460V,4pole,50Hz
Rotor resistance [ohm]
Stator resistance [ohm]
Stator leakage inductance [H]
Rotor leakage inductance [H]
Magnetizing inductance [H]
Number of poles
0.228
0.087
0.8e-3
0.8e-3
34.7e-3
4
Overview
#Case 1: No-Load
PI Controller: Speed(rad/s) Vs Time(s)
Overview
Torque(N-m) Vs Time(s)
Peak Overshoot:5%
Overview
Current (A) Vs Time(s)
Overview
NN Controller:
At No-Load:
Speed(rad/s) Vs Time(s):
Overview
Torque(N-m) Vs Time(s)
Overview
Current (A) Vs Time(s)
Overview
#Case 2: Step Change in -Load
PI Controller:
Speed(rad/s)Vs Time(s)
Overview
Torque(N-m) Vs Time(s)
Overview
Current (A) Vs Time(s)
Overview
NN Controller:
Speed(rad/s) Vs Time(s):
Overview
Torque(N-m)Vs Time(s)
Overview
Current (A) Vs Time(s)
Overview
#Case 3 : Speed Reversal:
PI Controller:
Speed(rad/s) Vs Time(s):
Overview
Torque(N-m) Vs Time(s)
Overview
Current (A) Vs Time(s)
Overview
NN Controller:
Speed(rad/s) Vs Time(s):
Overview
Torque(N-m)Vs Time(s)
Overview
Current (A) Vs Time(s)
Overview
Conclusion
Neural Controllers are fast acting & more accurate.
Avoids prolonged Settling time & High Peak overshoots.
Future Scope
Implementation of NEuro-Fuzzy CONtroller (NEFCON)
for further better performance.
NEFCON combines the merits of Fuzzy systems and Neural
networks.
Overview
BIBILOGRAPHY
1.C.M.Liaw.Y.S.Kung and M.S.Ouyang Identification and control of
inductionmachines using artificial neural networks.IEEE Trans Ind.Applicat.
vol.31.pp.612-619,1995.
2. C.M.Liaw.Y.S.Kung and C.M.Wu Design and implementation of a high
performance field oriented Inductionmotor drive.IEEE Trans Ind.Applicat.
vol.38.pp.275-282,1991.
3.M.A.Wishart and R.G.Harley Identification and control of
inductionmachines using artificial neural networks.IEEE Trans Ind.Applicat.
vol.34.pp.412-419,1994.
4.Levin and K.S.Narendra Control dynamics systems using neural networks
controllability and stabilization. IEEE Trans on Neural networks.NN-1. 1,427,1990.
5..Artificial neural networks B.Yagna narayana
6.An introduction to neural networks JA.Anderson
7.Electrical machines P.S.Bimbra
8.Electrical machines S.K.Bhatta charya
9.Machine modelling Krause
10.Electrical drives---- Vedam subramanyam
11.Modern power electronics and ac drives-----Bimal.K.Bose
Overview
