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Power Factor Improvement Using Upfc

The significance of power factor correction (PFC) has long been visualized as a technology requirement for improving the efficiency of a power system network by compensating for the fundamental reactive power generated or consumed by simple inductive or capacitive loads. With the Information Age in full swing, the growth of high reliability, low cost electronic products have led utilities to escalate their power quality concerns created by the increase of such “switching loads.” These products include: entertainment devices such as Digital TVs, DVDs, and audio equipment; information technology devices such as PCs, printers, and fax-machines; variable speed motor drives for HVAC and white goods appliances; food preparation and cooking products such as microwaves and cook tops; and lighting products, which include electronic ballasts, LED and fluorescent lamps, and other power conversion devices that operate a variety of lamps. The drivers that have resulted in this proliferation are a direct result of the availability of low-cost switch-mode devices and control circuitry in all major end-use segments: residential, commercial, and industrial. In order to keep power quality under the limits proposed by standards, it is required to incorporate some sort of compensation. There are two basic types of PFC circuits: active and passive. The simplest power factor correctors can be implemented using a passive filter to suppress the harmonics in conjunction with capacitors or inductors to generate or consume the fundamental reactive power, respectively. Active power factor correction circuits have proven to be more effective, generally integrated with the switch-mode circuitry, and actively control the input current of the load. This enables the most efficient delivery of electrical power from the power grid to the load. The demand for new smart, green products has set the stage for a worldwide migration from antiquated passive circuits to active correctors as well as from traditional analog technology to digital techniques. New digital active power factor correction delivers better full- and light-load power efficiency while lowering system costs, enabling smaller designs and providing a clear path for further feature enhancements and improved competitive positioning for a whole host of consumer and industrial products. Cirrus Logic’s novel advances in digital active PFC technology signify a major enabling element in the development of the newest generation of low cost, energy-efficient switch mode products.

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Uday Wankar
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50% found this document useful (2 votes)
474 views16 pages

Power Factor Improvement Using Upfc

The significance of power factor correction (PFC) has long been visualized as a technology requirement for improving the efficiency of a power system network by compensating for the fundamental reactive power generated or consumed by simple inductive or capacitive loads. With the Information Age in full swing, the growth of high reliability, low cost electronic products have led utilities to escalate their power quality concerns created by the increase of such “switching loads.” These products include: entertainment devices such as Digital TVs, DVDs, and audio equipment; information technology devices such as PCs, printers, and fax-machines; variable speed motor drives for HVAC and white goods appliances; food preparation and cooking products such as microwaves and cook tops; and lighting products, which include electronic ballasts, LED and fluorescent lamps, and other power conversion devices that operate a variety of lamps. The drivers that have resulted in this proliferation are a direct result of the availability of low-cost switch-mode devices and control circuitry in all major end-use segments: residential, commercial, and industrial. In order to keep power quality under the limits proposed by standards, it is required to incorporate some sort of compensation. There are two basic types of PFC circuits: active and passive. The simplest power factor correctors can be implemented using a passive filter to suppress the harmonics in conjunction with capacitors or inductors to generate or consume the fundamental reactive power, respectively. Active power factor correction circuits have proven to be more effective, generally integrated with the switch-mode circuitry, and actively control the input current of the load. This enables the most efficient delivery of electrical power from the power grid to the load. The demand for new smart, green products has set the stage for a worldwide migration from antiquated passive circuits to active correctors as well as from traditional analog technology to digital techniques. New digital active power factor correction delivers better full- and light-load power efficiency while lowering system costs, enabling smaller designs and providing a clear path for further feature enhancements and improved competitive positioning for a whole host of consumer and industrial products. Cirrus Logic’s novel advances in digital active PFC technology signify a major enabling element in the development of the newest generation of low cost, energy-efficient switch mode products.

Uploaded by

Uday Wankar
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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A

Seminar
On
POWER FACTOR IMPROVEMENT
USING UPFC
By
Mr. SURENDRA M. BUTALE
Under the guidance of

Prof. S. P. Jolhe
Associate Prof. In Electrical Engineering Department
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
GOVT. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
CHANDRAPUR
2014-2015

Content

Introduction of power factor improvement


Power factor
Effect of low power factor
FACTS
Benefits of FACTS
FACTS Devices
Introduction to UPFC
Circuit description
Operation of UPFC
Application
Conclusion

INTRODUCTION
Electrical energy generated, transmitted,
distributed in the form of alternating current.
Therefore power factor plays an important role.
Power factor is highly undesirable as it causes an
increase in current, result in additional losses of
active power in all the elements of power system
For good quality of power supply, it is necessary to
have power factor as close as unity
.

Power factor
The cosine angle between voltage and current in an AC
circuit.
The ratio of resistance to impedance.
The ratio of active power to the apparent power.

Power triangle
Apparent power= VI in KVA
Active power = VI cos in KW
Reactive power = VI sin in KVAr

KVAr

KVA

Kw

Effect of low power factor


Large KVA rating of equipment
Greater conductor size
Large copper losses
Poor voltage regulation

FACTS
Flexible AC Transmission System (Facts) is a new integrated
concept based on power electronic switching converters and
dynamic controllers to enhance the system utilization and
power transfer capacity as well as the stability, security,
reliability and power quality of AC system interconnections .

FACTS technologies improved transmission system


operation with minimum investment, environmental impact
and implementation time compared to the construction of
new transmission line.

BENEFITS OF FACTS
Regulation of power flows in prescribed transmission routes.
Reduces the need for construction of new transmission lines,
capacitors and reactors.
Provides greater ability to transfer power between controlled
areas.
These devices help to damp the power oscillations that could
damage the equipment.

BENEFITS OF FACTS
Improves the transient stability of the system.
Controls real
independently.

and

reactive

power

flow

in

the

line

Damping of oscillations which can threaten security or limit


the usable line capacity.

FACTS Devices
Name
SVC
TCSC
TCPAR

Type
shunt
series
series &
shunt
STATCOM shunt
SSSC
series
UPFC
shunt &
series

Main function
voltage control
power flow control
power flow control
Voltage control
power flow control
voltage and power
flow control

Controller
Thyristor
Thyristor
Thyristor
GTO
GTO
GTO

INTRODUCTION TO UPFC
The UPFC concept describe in 1995 by L. Gyugyi.
The UPFC is a device which can control simultaneously all three
parameters of line power flow
Such "new" FACTS device combines together the features of two
"old" FACTS devices:
1. STATCOM
2. SSSC
Control active and reactive power in transmission line
These two devices are two Voltage Source Inverters (VSIs)
connected respectively in shunt with the transmission line through a
shunt transformer and in series with the transmission line through a
series transformer, connected to each other by a common dc link
including a storage capacitor.

CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The basic configuration of a UPFC, which is installed
between the sending-end Vs and the receiving-end VR. The
UPFC consists of a combination of a series device and a
shunt device, the dc terminals of which are connected to a
common dc link capacitor .

Fig1: Basic configuration of UPFC

Operation of UPFC
Series inverter- used for active and reactive line power flow
Shunt inverter used for voltage regulation
UPFC extensively used in power system because of their
ability to provide flexible power flow controller

Application
Using HVDC transmission system
Use of UPFC for optimal power flow control
For improving micro grid voltage profile
For enhancement of voltage profile & minimization of losses
Increase transient stability of inter area power system
For damping power system ossicilation

conclusion
UPFC is FACT device used to control active &
reactive power flow. The overall result over the
power system is that it improved the power factor.
So it bring the present power system at better
economy level

Thank you

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