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Scheduling (September 2014)

The document discusses scheduling in industrial management. It defines scheduling as determining when labor, equipment, and facilities are needed for production. It describes different types of scheduling for different production environments. The objectives of scheduling are to meet due dates, minimize lateness and overtime, and maximize resource utilization. Sequencing rules like first-come, first-served (FCFS), shortest processing time (SPT), and earliest due date (EDD) are used to prioritize jobs. Monitoring tools like Gantt charts are used to track job progress. An example compares the performance of FCFS, SPT, and EDD sequencing rules on a set of jobs. Guidelines are provided for selecting the appropriate sequencing rule based on shop conditions

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36 views18 pages

Scheduling (September 2014)

The document discusses scheduling in industrial management. It defines scheduling as determining when labor, equipment, and facilities are needed for production. It describes different types of scheduling for different production environments. The objectives of scheduling are to meet due dates, minimize lateness and overtime, and maximize resource utilization. Sequencing rules like first-come, first-served (FCFS), shortest processing time (SPT), and earliest due date (EDD) are used to prioritize jobs. Monitoring tools like Gantt charts are used to track job progress. An example compares the performance of FCFS, SPT, and EDD sequencing rules on a set of jobs. Guidelines are provided for selecting the appropriate sequencing rule based on shop conditions

Uploaded by

Vicea Nurr
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Scheduling

Industrial
Industrial Management
Management 11
Prepared by:
Industrial Engineering Research Group
Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia

Lecture Outlines
Scheduling and its Objectives.
Shop Floor Control:
Loading; Sequencing; Monitoring.
Sequencing Rules

What is scheduling?
The last stage of planning before production
operations.
It contains a specific information about when
labour, equipment, facilities are needed for
production (producing products or provide
services).

Scheduled operations in
the
Process Industry

Linear programming

Batch Production

Mass Production

Assembly line balancing

Aggregate planning
Master scheduling
Material requirements
planning (MRP)
Capacity requirements
planning (CRP)

Objectives in Scheduling

Meet customer due dates

Minimize overtime

Minimize job lateness

Maximize machine or
labor utilization

Minimize response time


Minimize completion time
Minimize time in the system

Minimize idle time


Minimize work-in-process
inventory

Terms in Shop Floor Control


Loading

Check availability of materials, machines, and


labours.

Sequencing

Release work orders to workshop and issue


dispatch lists for individual (specific) machines.

Monitoring

Maintain progress reports on each job until it is


completed.

Loading
Process of assigning work to limited
resources
Perform work on most efficient resources
Use assignment method of linear
programming to determine allocation

Sequencing
Prioritize jobs assigned to a resource
If no order specified use first-come firstserved (FCFS)
Many other sequencing rules exist
Each attempts to achieve to an objective

Sequencing Rules

FCFS - first-come, first-served


LCFS - last come, first served
DDATE - earliest due date
CUSTPR - highest customer priority
SETUP - similar required setups
SLACK - smallest slack
CR - critical ratio
SPT - shortest processing time
LPT - longest processing time

Sequencing Jobs Through


One Process
Flowtime (completion time)

Time for a job to flow through the system

Makespan

Time for a group of jobs to be completed

Tardiness

Difference between a late jobs due date


and its completion time

Simple Sequencing Rules

JOB

PROCESSING
TIME

DUE
DATE

A
B
C
D
E

5
10
2
8
6

10
15
5
12
8

Simple Sequencing Rules:


FCFS
Sequence: A-B-C-D-E
FCFS
SEQUENCE

START
TIME

A
B
C
D
E

0
5
15
17
25

PROCESSING COMPLETION DUE


TIME
TIME
DATE

5
10
2
8
6

5
15
17
25
31

10
15
5
12
8

TARDINESS
=

theresult
resultisisve
ve==00
IfIfthe
theresult
resultisis+ve
+ve==The
Theanswer
answerisisremain.
remain.
IfIfthe

0
0
12
13
23

Simple Sequencing Rules:


DDATE
Sequence: C-E-A-D-B
DDATE
SEQUENCE

START
TIME

C
E
A
D
B

0
2
8
13
21

PROCESSING COMPLETION DUE


TIME
TIME
DATE

2
6
5
8
10

2
8
13
21
31

5
8
10
12
15

TARDINESS

0
0
3
9
16

Simple
Sequencing Rules:
SPT

Sequence: C-A-E-D-B
SPT
SEQUENCE

START
TIME

C
A
E
D
B

0
2
7
13
21

PROCESSING COMPLETION DUE


TIME
TIME
DATE

2
5
6
8
10

2
7
13
21
31

5
10
8
12
15

TARDINESS

0
0
5
9
16

Simple Sequencing
Rules: Summary
RULE

FCFS
DDATE
SPT

AVERAGE
COMPLETION TIME

18.60
15.00
14.80

AVERAGE
TARDINESS

9.6
5.6
6.0

NO. OF
JOBS TARDY

3
3
3

MAXIMUM
TARDINESS

23
16
16

Guidelines for Selecting a


Sequencing Rule
1. SPT most useful when shop is highly
congested
2. Use DDATE when only small tardiness
values can be tolerated
3. Use FCFS when operating at lowcapacity levels
4. Do not use SPT to sequence jobs that
have to be assembled with other jobs at
a later date

Monitoring
Work package

Shop paperwork that travels with a job

Gantt Chart

Shows both planned and completed


activities against a time scale

Input/Output Control

Monitors the input and output from each


work center

Exercise
Job times (including processing and setup) are shown in the
following table for five jobs waiting to be processed at a work
center:

Determine the processing sequence that would result from


each of these priority rules and also determine the
performance measures (average completion time, average
tardiness and number of jobs tardy) for each rule:

FCFS
SPT
EDD

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