Scribd
Upload
172 views17 pages

Chapter 6 Phase Equilibria 1

The chapter discusses phase equilibria and several key concepts: - The phase rule defines the number of degrees of freedom in a system based on its number of components and phases. - One-component systems can exhibit allotropes, with different crystalline forms of the element. - Binary systems involving vapor use the lever rule to determine vapor and liquid concentrations at equilibrium. - Partial miscibility and eutectic systems are discussed for condensed binary systems. - Thermal analysis can be used to determine phase diagrams that show the relationships between temperature, composition and phases. - Ternary systems involve three components and are more complex than binary systems.

Uploaded by

Vijeethira Ravichandran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Topics covered

  • Ternary Systems,
  • Homework Problems,
  • Separation Techniques,
  • Temperature Composition Diagra…,
  • Binary Systems,
  • Bubble Cap Fractionation,
  • Isothermal Distillation,
  • Salt-Water Phase Diagram,
  • Eutectic Systems,
  • Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium
172 views17 pages

Chapter 6 Phase Equilibria 1

The chapter discusses phase equilibria and several key concepts: - The phase rule defines the number of degrees of freedom in a system based on its number of components and phases. - One-component systems can exhibit allotropes, with different crystalline forms of the element. - Binary systems involving vapor use the lever rule to determine vapor and liquid concentrations at equilibrium. - Partial miscibility and eutectic systems are discussed for condensed binary systems. - Thermal analysis can be used to determine phase diagrams that show the relationships between temperature, composition and phases. - Ternary systems involve three components and are more complex than binary systems.

Uploaded by

Vijeethira Ravichandran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Topics covered

  • Ternary Systems,
  • Homework Problems,
  • Separation Techniques,
  • Temperature Composition Diagra…,
  • Binary Systems,
  • Bubble Cap Fractionation,
  • Isothermal Distillation,
  • Salt-Water Phase Diagram,
  • Eutectic Systems,
  • Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium

Chapter 6: PHASE EQUILIBRIA

After studying this chapter, the student should be able:

Determine the number of components and phases in a system.


Use the phase rule to determine the number of degrees of freedom, f.
Recognize the features, such as the presence of allotropes in one-
component system.
Discuss the liquid-vapor equilibrium of binary liquid systems and determine
concentration present using Lever rule.
Describe the processes of isothermal distillation.
Describe the process of distillation.
Discuss condensed binary systems.
Show how thermal analyses is done to determine a phase diagram.
Discuss salt-water phase diagram, solid solution, partial miscibility.
Determine composition from ternary systems.

CHAPTER 6 PHASE 1
EQUILIBRIA
PHASE RULE

f=cp+2

where,
f = number of degree of freedom
c = number of components
p = number of phases
2 2 variables, temperature and pressure

CHAPTER 6 PHASE 2
EQUILIBRIA
One-Component Systems

Allotrope refers to each of the


crystalline forms in the transformation
of elements, eg. Sulfur.

CHAPTER 6 PHASE 3
EQUILIBRIA
Binary Systems involving Vapor Systems

Lever Rule:
nl/nv = pv/lp

CHAPTER 6 PHASE 4
EQUILIBRIA
Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium in Systems not
Obeying Raoults Law

CHAPTER 6 PHASE 5
EQUILIBRIA
Temperature vs composition diagram

CHAPTER 6 PHASE 6
EQUILIBRIA
Technique for separation of a mixture

CHAPTER 6 PHASE 7
EQUILIBRIA
Bubble cap fractionation column

CHAPTER 6 PHASE 8
EQUILIBRIA
Azeotropes are mixtures
corresponding to either a minimum or
maximum in the boiling point curves

CHAPTER 6 PHASE 9
EQUILIBRIA
Distillation of partially Miscible Liquids

CHAPTER 6 PHASE 10
EQUILIBRIA
Condensed Binary Systems
Two-Liquid Components

CHAPTER 6 PHASE 11
EQUILIBRIA
Liquid-Liquid Gap (Fig 6.14)
Two-phase liquid system (Fig 6.15)

CHAPTER 6 PHASE 12
EQUILIBRIA
Eutectic System without
Miscibility

CHAPTER 6 PHASE 13
EQUILIBRIA
Determination of Phase Diagram using
Thermal Analysis

CHAPTER 6 PHASE 14
EQUILIBRIA
Phase Diagram of Sodium
Chloride-Water System

CHAPTER 6 PHASE 15
EQUILIBRIA
The Tertiary Systems

CHAPTER 6 PHASE 16
EQUILIBRIA
Homework
Q6.12, Q6.15, Q6.22, Q6.36

CHAPTER 6 PHASE 17
EQUILIBRIA

You might also like