JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS
Example Guide
WHAT IS A JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS?
A job hazard analysis (JHA), also called a job
safety analysis (JSA), is a technique to
identify the dangers of specific tasks in order
to reduce the risk of injury to workers.
Why is a JHA important?
Once you know what the hazards are, you
can reduce or eliminate them before anyone
gets hurt.
The JHA can also be used to investigate
accidents and
To train workers how to do their jobs safely.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONDUCTING A JOB
HAZARD ANALYSIS
HOW TO START ?
Involve employees
Discuss what you are going to do and why
Explain that you are studying the task, not
employee performance
Involve the employees in the entire process
INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONDUCTING A JOB
HAZARD ANALYSIS
SET PRIORITIES
Consider giving priority to:
jobs with the highest injury or illness rates;
jobs where there have been close calls where an incident
occurred but no one got hurt;
jobs where you have identified violations of OSHA
standards;
jobs with the potential to cause serious injuries or illness,
even if there is no history of such problems;
jobs in which one simple human mistake could lead to
severe injury;
jobs that are new to your operation or have been changed;
and
jobs complex enough to require written instructions.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONDUCTING A
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS
HOW TO DO IT
1. Break the job task into steps.
EXAMPLE:
JOBS STEPS POTENTIAL HAZARDS PROTECTIVE MEASURES
1. Reach into box to the
right of the machine,
grasp casting and carry
to wheel.
2. Push casting against
wheel to grind off burr.
3. Place finished casting
in box to the left of the
machine.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONDUCTING A
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS
HOW TO DO IT
Identify the hazards of each step. For each
hazard, ask:
What can go wrong?
What are the consequences?
How could it happen?
What are other contributing factors?
How likely is it that the hazard will occur?
INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONDUCTING A
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS
EXAMPLE:
JOBS STEPS POTENTIAL HAZARDS PROTECTIVE MEASURES
1. Reach into box to the Strike hand on edge of
right of the machine, metal box or casting; cut
grasp casting and carry hand on burr. Drop casting
to wheel. on toes.
2. Push casting against Strike hand against wheel,
wheel to grind off burr. sparks in eyes. Wheel
breakage, dust, sleeves
get caught.
3. Place finished casting Strike hand against metal
in box to the left of the box or casting.
machine.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONDUCTING A
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS
Review the list of hazards with employees who do
the job.
Discuss what could eliminate or reduce them.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONDUCTING A
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS
ELIMINATE OR REDUCE HAZARDS
Safer way to do the job
Describe each step
Be specific dont use generalizations like Be Careful
Changes in equipment
Equipment changes, or engineering controls, are the first choice
because they can eliminate the hazard
e.g. machine guards, improved lighting, better ventilation
INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONDUCTING A
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS
ELIMINATE OR REDUCE HAZARDS
Changes in work processes
Administrative controls, or changes in how the task is done, can be
used if engineering controls arent possible
e.g. rotating jobs, changing the steps, training
Changes in personal protective equipment
When engineering and administrative controls arent possible or
dont adequately protect the workers, use personal protective
equipment
e.g. gloves, hearing protection
INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONDUCTING A
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS
EXAMPLE:
JOBS STEPS POTENTIAL HAZARDS PROTECTIVE MEASURES
1. Reach into box to the Strike hand on edge of Provide gloves and safety
right of the machine, metal box or casting; cut shoes.
grasp casting and carry hand on burr. Drop casting
to wheel. on toes.
2. Push casting against Strike hand against wheel, Provide larger guard over
wheel to grind off burr. sparks in eyes. Wheel wheel. Install exhaust
breakage, dust, sleeves system. Provide safety
get caught. goggles. Instruct employee
to wear short sleeved shirts.
3. Place finished casting Strike hand against metal Provide tool for removal of
in box to the left of the box or casting. completed stock.
machine.
Assign Actions
Accountability for carrying out actions should
be clearly assigned, understood, and initialed
by the respective person indicating their
personal commitment and accountability for
that action.
Assign Actions
It is important to assure that all members of
the work team understand the actions that
must be put in place to assure safety and
protect the environment while the job is
performed. This will assure personal
accountability and allow everyone to be clear
who will implement the action
INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONDUCTING A JOB
HAZARD ANALYSIS
What do I do next ?
Correct the unsafe conditions and processes.
Train all employees who do the job on the
changes
Make sure they understand the changes
INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONDUCTING A JOB
HAZARD ANALYSIS
What do I do next ?
Review the JHAs.
You may find hazards you missed before
When the task or process is changed
When injuries or close calls occur when doing the task
INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONDUCTING A JOB
HAZARD ANALYSIS
What do I do next ?
Use the JHAs
Training
Accident investigation
Should a JHA be completed each work
shift on the routine task with the most
hazards involved ?
Should a JHA be completed on all non-
routine tasks.
Summary JSA Training Steps
1) Define meaning of JSA
2) Benefits and why JSAs are important
3) Select the job to be analyzed
4) Prepare the JSA form
5) Break the job task into steps
6) Identify the hazards
7) Identify the controls
8) Correct unsafe conditions and processes
9) Assign additional needed actions/follow-ups
10) Review JSAs
11) Use JSAs for training and accident investigation
