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Adenosine Injection: Uses and Guidelines

Adenosine is a class V antiarrhythmic drug used to treat supraventricular tachycardia. It works by slowing conduction through the sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes, which can interrupt reentry pathways and restore normal sinus rhythm. Common side effects are temporary but may include flushing, dyspnea, chest pain, and heart block. It must be administered via rapid intravenous bolus followed by a saline flush due to its very short half-life. Patients receiving adenosine require close cardiac and respiratory monitoring.

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Kirsten Padilla Chua
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1K views17 pages

Adenosine Injection: Uses and Guidelines

Adenosine is a class V antiarrhythmic drug used to treat supraventricular tachycardia. It works by slowing conduction through the sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes, which can interrupt reentry pathways and restore normal sinus rhythm. Common side effects are temporary but may include flushing, dyspnea, chest pain, and heart block. It must be administered via rapid intravenous bolus followed by a saline flush due to its very short half-life. Patients receiving adenosine require close cardiac and respiratory monitoring.

Uploaded by

Kirsten Padilla Chua
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Adenosine: Main title slide introducing the topic of Adenosine, setting the stage for detailed information in subsequent slides.
  • Other Brand Names: Lists alternative brand names for Adenosine, including Adenocard and Adenoscan.
  • Therapeutic Classification: Describes Adenosine's classification as a Class V antiarrhythmic agent and its role in vasodilation.
  • Availability: Provides details on the available concentrations and forms of Adenosine.
  • Therapeutic Indications: Discusses situations where Adenosine, as Adenoscan, is used as a coronary vasodilator.
  • Adenosine Indication: Specifies the primary therapeutic indication of Adenosine for treating PSVT.
  • Drug Action: Outlines the pharmacological actions of Adenosine, focusing on its use in cardiac conditions.
  • Interrupt Re-entry Pathways: Illustrates how Adenosine works to disrupt re-entry pathways in cardiac tissues.
  • Contraindications: Lists various conditions and scenarios where Adenosine should not be used.
  • Adverse Effects: Describes common, infrequent, and rare adverse effects related to Adenosine administration.
  • Drug Interaction: Explains potential drug interactions, especially with methylxanthines, affecting Adenosine's efficacy.
  • Storage: Details the proper storage conditions to maintain Adenosine's efficacy.
  • Administration Instructions: Provides guidelines on how to administer Adenosine safely and effectively.
  • Nursing Implication: Highlights critical nursing considerations during and after administering Adenosine.

ADENOSINE

OTHER BRAND NAMES


Adenocard
Adenoscan
Adeno-jec
My-O-den
Adenocor
THERAPEUTIC
CLASSIFICATION
Class V antiarrhythmic agent
Adenosine also plays a role in
regulation of blood flow to various
organs through vasodilation
AVAILABILITY

Adenosine 3mg/ml .
Each vial contains 6mg = 2ml
A clear, colourless solution free
from visible particles
THERAPEUTIC INDICATIONS

Adenoscan is a coronary
vasodilator.
ADENOSINE INDICATION
Therapeutic: Rapid conversion to a normal
sinus rhythm of paroxysmal supraventricular
tachycardia (SVT).
DRUG ACTION
Antiarrhythmic actions:

Slows impulse formation of the sino-atrial node


Slows conduction time through the atrio-ventricular
node
Can interrupt re-entry pathways through the
atrioventricular node
Coronary vasodilator
Respiratory stimulant- increase ventilation and
decrease PCO2
INTERRUPT RE-ENTRY PATHWAYS
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Hypersensitivity to adenosine
Second or third degree heart block
(unless a functioning artificial
pacemaker present)
Sinus node dysfunction, such as sick
sinus syndrome or symptomatic
bradycardia (unless a functioning
artificial pacemaker present)
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Bronchoconstriction or
bronchospastic lung disease (e.g.
asthma) either known or suspected.
Severe hypotension.
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Adverse effects resolve rapidly due to the drugs
short duration of action
Common: flushing, dyspnoea, chest
pain/pressure, nausea or abdominal discomfort,
headache, dizziness, apprehension, burning
sensation, bradycardia, asystole, sinus pause &
A-V block
Infrequent: transient arrhythmias, recurrence
of SVT, hypotension, tingling in arms or legs,
metallic taste
Rare: bronchospasm, injection site reaction
DRUG INTERACTION
Methylxanthines (eg, caffeine, theophylline) are
adenosine receptor antagonists and inhibit adenosines
vasoactive effects; withhold methylxanthines before
adenosine administration
Aminophylline may increase risk of seizures associated
with adenosine.
The dose is often decreased in patients on dipyridamole
(Persantine) and diazepam (Valium) because adenosine
potentiates the effects of these drugs.
STORAGE

Store at controlled room


temperature of 15-30C
Do not refrigerate; possible crystal
formation
Solution must be clear prior to
administration
Any unused portion should be
discarded.
ADMINISTRATION INSTRUCTIONS

Universal precautions
Administer adenosine undiluted by rapid IV bolus
(over 2 seconds) followed by a rapid 20 mL sodium
chloride 0.9% flush.
Adenosine has a very short duration of effect
making it necessary to give as a rapid bolus
Warn patient they may experience anxiety or a
feeling of impending doom - this will pass
quickly.
Administer either directly into a large peripheral
vein or into an IV line.
Patients who develop high level AV block at a
particular dose should not be given further dosage
increments.
NURSING IMPLICATION
Monitor heart rate frequently (every 15 30 sec) and
ECG continuously during therapy. A short,
transient period of 1st-, 2nd-, or 3rd-degree heart
block or asystole may occur following injection;
usually resolves quickly due to short duration of
adenosine.
Once conversion to normal sinus rhythm is
achieved, transient arrhythmias (premature
ventricular contractions, atrial premature
contractions, sinus tachycardia, sinus bradycardia,
skipped beats, AV nodal block) may occur, but
generally last a few seconds.
Monitor BP during therapy.
Assess respiratory status (breath sounds, rate)
following administration. Patients with history of
asthma may experience bronchospasm.
Done

ADENOSINE
OTHER BRAND NAMES Adenocard Adenoscan Adeno-jec My-O-den Adenocor
THERAPEUTIC CLASSIFICATION Class V antiarrhythmic agent Adenosine also plays a role in regulation of blood flow to vario
AVAILABILITY Adenosine 3mg/ml . Each vial contains 6mg = 2ml A clear, colourless solution free from visible particles
THERAPEUTIC INDICATIONS Adenoscan is a coronary vasodilator.
ADENOSINE INDICATION Therapeutic: Rapid conversion to a normal sinus rhythm of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (SV
DRUG ACTION Antiarrhythmic actions: Slows impulse formation of the sino-atrial node Slows conduction time through the atri
INTERRUPT RE-ENTRY PATHWAYS
CONTRAINDICATIONS Hypersensitivity to adenosine Second or third degree heart block (unless a functioning artificial pace
CONTRAINDICATIONS Bronchoconstriction or bronchospastic lung disease (e.g. asthma) either known or suspected. Severe hyp

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