NURSING LEADERSHIP AND
MANAGEMENT
MR. IRIL IAN B. ROLLO,
R.N., M.A.N.
LEADERSHIP
is a style or a process whereby a
person
CORE called a nurse
VALUES OFleader will
A LEADER
influence a group of people known as
1. PASSION
the followers for the purpose of
2. VISIONa single goal or objective
attaining
3. CURIOSITY
towards the good of his patients.
4. INTEGRITY
DIFFERENT STYLES OF LEADERSHIP
Possible character AUTOCRATIC
traits of an autocratic leader :
Apathy : insensitive toward others
Boisterous speechLAISSEZ FAIRE
Consistency
DEMOCRATIC
Demanding attitude
Egoistic and self-centered
Ferocious behaviour
DIFFERENT TYPES OF LEADER POWERS
EXCLUSIVE POWER
REFERRENT POWER
EXPERT POWER
REWARD POWER
COERCIVE POWER
LEADERSHIP THEORIES
GREAT MAN THEORY
PERSONALITY
TRAIT OR CHARACTER THEORY
INTELLIGENCE
LEADERSHIP
CHARISMATIC THEORY
SITUATIONAL / CONTINGENCY
TRANSFORMATIONAL
MANAGEMENT
the process of judicious use of
available human and material
resources, directing their tasks towards
the achievement of a goal or objective.
MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES
• Thinking ahead • Establishing formal
• Making future authority
projections to
achieve desired
goals
PLANNING ORGANIZING
CONTROLLING DIRECTING
• Assessing or • Actuating efforts
regulating to accomplish
Performance goals
PLANNING
SCOPE OF PLANNING
Top
Mgt
Middle Mgt
Lower / First Level Mgt
PREPARING THE BUDGETING
A financial roadmap and plan which serves as an estimate of future
costs and a plan for utilization of man power, material and other
resources.
Budget forms:
C APITAL
R EVENUE
E XPENSE
N URSING / STAFF
C ASH
ORGANIZING
TYPES OF ORGANIZATION CLASSIFIED BY
NATURE OF AUTHORITY
FIVE MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS
LineORGANIZATIONAL
OF AN Organization
CHART
Informal Organization
1. Division of Work
2. Chain of Command
Staff Organization
3. Type of Work to be
Performed
Functional
4. Grouping Organization
of Work Segments
5. Levels of Management
ORGANIZING PRINCIPLES
Unity of Scalar
Command Principle
Homogenous Span of
Assignment Control
STAFFING
Process of determining and providing
the acceptable number and mix of
nursing personnel to produce a desired
level of care to meet patient’s
demands.
NURSING CARE HOURS PER PATIENT PER DAY ACCORDING TO
CLASSIFIFCATION OF PATIENTS BY UNITS
Cases/Patients NCH/Pt./Day Prof. To Non Prof. Ratio
1. General Medicine 3.5 60:40
2. Medical 3.4 60:40
3. Surgical 3.4 60:40
4. Obstetrics 3.0 60:40
5. Paediatrics 4.6 70:30
6. Pathologic Nursery 2.8 55:45
7. ER/ICU/RR 6.0 70:30
8. CCU 6.0 80:20
PATIENT CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
A method of grouping patients according
to the amount and complexity of their
nursing care requirements and the
nursing time and skill they require.
CLASSIFICATION CATEGORIES
LEVEL 1 LEVEL 2 LEVEL 3 LEVEL 4
Self Care / Moderate Care / Complete Care/ Critical Care/
Minimal Intermediate Intensive Highly Specialize
Categories or levels of care of patients, nursing care hours
needed per patient per day and ratio of professionals to non-
professionals.
LEVELS OF CARE NCH NEEDED PER PT. RATIO OF PROF TO NON
PER DAY PROF
Level I 1.50 55:45
Level II 3.0 60:40
Level III 4.5 65:35
Level IV 6.0 70:30
7 or higher 80:20
SCHEDULING
A schedule is a time table showing
planned work days and shifts for TYPES OF
nursing personnel. SCHEDULING
C entralized
D ecentralized
C yclical
NURSING ASSIGNMENTS
HEAD NURSE / SENIOR NURSE
RN RN Nsg. Att. Housekeeper
MEDICATION TREATMENT Hygienic Care Linen Att
Patients
FUNCTIONAL NURSING
NURSING ASSIGNMENTS
HEAD NURSE / SENIOR NURSE
Staff Nurse
Patient
TOTAL CARE NURSING
NURSING ASSIGNMENTS
Charge Nurse
Team Leader
Nursing Staff
Patient/Clients
TEAM NURSING
NURSING ASSIGNMENTS
HOSPITAL AND
PHYSICIAN HEAD NURSE
COMMUNITY RESOURCES
PRIMARY NURSE
PATIENT/CLIENT
SECONDARY /ASS SECONDARY /ASS SECONDARY /ASS
NURSE PM NURSE NIGHT NURSE RELEVER
PRIMARY NURSING
DIRECTING
COMMUNICATION
The exchange of thoughts,
OBJECTIVES OF
messages, or information, as by
COMMUNICATION
speech, signals, writing, or
1. Be understood
2. Get an agreement
behaviour.
3. Get something done.
4. Understand others
Interpersonal rapport.
METHODS OF
The art andCOMMUICATION
technique of using
1. Spoken
words words
effectively and with grace in
2. Written words
imparting one's ideas
3. Expression
4. Actions
BARRIERS OF COMMUNICATION
SEMANTICS
FILTERING / DISTORTIONS
ATTITUDES / EMOTIONS
ASSUMPTIONS / BIASES
LISTENING
DELEGATION
Principles of Delegation Things that can’t be
delegated:
1. Select the right person
2. Delegate both interesting and 1. Over-all responsibility, authority and
uninteresting tasks. accountability
3. Provide subordinates enough 2. Authority to sign one’s name
time to learn 3. Evaluating the staff /disciplinary
4. Delegate gradually action.
5. Delegate in advance 4. Responsibility for maintaining morale
6. Consult before delegating 5. Jobs that are too technical and those
7. Avoid gaps and overlaps that involve trust and confidence.
NURSES vs SUBORDINATE TASKS
Nurses’ Tasks Subordinate’s
Tasks
Assessment
Teaching Routinary tasks
Preparation of Stable patients
patients Supervised by nurses
Administration of :
Treatment and
medication
Evaluation Judgment
CONFLICT MANAGEMENT
CONFLICT Conflict is a inevitable as change in any
organization because of the complexity
RESOLUTION of relationships within the organization,
the interaction among its people or
1. Avoidance their dependence on one another.
2. Accommodation
3. Collaboration
4. Compromise
5. Competition
6. Smoothing
7. Withdrawing
8. Forcing
CONTROLLING
ELEMENTS OF CONTROLLING
METHODS OF MEASURING
Characteristics of
PERFORMANCE
an Evaluative Tool
1. Essay
2. Checklist
O bjectivity 3. Ranking
R eliability 4. Rating Scales
5. Forced – Choice Comparison
V alidity 6. Anecdotal Reporting
DISCIPLINARY APPROACHES
PROBLEM SOLVING
DISCIPLINARY APPROACH
DISCIPLINARY ACTIONS
a. Counselling and Oral
Warning
b. Written Warning
c. Suspension
d. Dismissal
God Bless soon-to-be RNs!
Sir ian.
