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NEW Welding Defects

This document provides information on various SMAW pipe welding techniques and positions. It discusses 1G, 2G, 5G, 6G, 1F, 2F, 2FR, 4F and 5F positions and the techniques used for each, including whether to use a split bead or weave and the welding progression. It also covers topics like root openings, root faces, electrode work angles, craters, wagon tracks and arc length and their effects.

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suresh
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190 views21 pages

NEW Welding Defects

This document provides information on various SMAW pipe welding techniques and positions. It discusses 1G, 2G, 5G, 6G, 1F, 2F, 2FR, 4F and 5F positions and the techniques used for each, including whether to use a split bead or weave and the welding progression. It also covers topics like root openings, root faces, electrode work angles, craters, wagon tracks and arc length and their effects.

Uploaded by

suresh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

SMAW

Pipe Welding
Techniques
Welding Positions
• 1F
 1G

• 2F
 2G

 5G • 2FR

 6G • 4F

• 5F
1G Position

Pipe rotated, Electrode is always at the top


Either a split bead or weave technique may be
used
2G Position

Pipe Axis Vertical, Weld is


Horizontal, Pipe is considered in a
“fixed” position.
Always use a split bead technique
Always work from the bottom up.
5G Position

Axis of the Pipe is Horizontal fixed, The weld in vertical.


Progression may be up or down.
A weave bead is best used.
6G Position

Pipe axis is fixed in


position at a 45 degree
incline. The position
includes flat, horizontal,
vertical, and overhead
welds.
A split bead technique is
best used.
1F Position

Pipe is rotated. The


pipe axis is at a 45
degree incline.
Welding is to occur at
the top of the pipe.
Split bead or weave
technique may be
used.
2F Position

Fixed Position
Best to use a split
bead technique
2FR Position

A split bead
technique is best
used.

Rotated
4F Position

A split bead technique is best used


5F Position

Not Rotated.
Progression may be up
or down.
Split beads or weaves
can be used on 5F-up
welds, split beads are
best used on 5F-down
welds.
Fill Pass Cover Pass
Root Pass Hot Pass
Progression (vertical)

Up
 deeper penetration
 Higher deposit rate (lb/hr)

 Use near 90 degree travel angle or slightly up

Down
 faster (point to point)

 less penetration for thin metal

 less dilution

 Use steep drag angle


Root Openings

 Small will allow more amperage which will in turn make


welding smoother and easier, as well as easier arc
starts.
 Larger root openings will allow more penetration.

Root Opening
Root Faces

 Larger root faces will allow more amperage which will in


turn make welding smoother and easier, as well as
easier arc starts.
 Smaller root faces will allow more penetration.

Root Face
Butt Joint Preparation
(With Backing)

Root faces - 0
450 included angle
Remove all mill scales and rust
Tacking - not in groove
Tack away from coupon area.
Flush on backing
Butt Joint Preparation
(Joints without backing)

600 included angle


Root faces
Tacking
Feather Tacks
According to welding procedure
Electrode Work Angles

700
300

450
Craters

 Fill craters by welding into the previous weld start

 Use a short arc length to control heat.


Wagon Tracks (Slag Lines)
Arc Length
Longer arc lengths = increased puddle heat, flatter
welds, deeper penetration
Shorter arc lengths = less puddle heat, flatter welds,
less penetration
Use arc length to control puddle size, penetration, and
burn through.
Use a slightly longer arc length during a start or restart.

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