“A thousand teachers, a thousand
methods”
- Chinese Proverb
Glenn John M. Balongag
Jeneza S. Hortelano
Jonah Grace
Neiljun Quiniquito
Yendor Omiping
Regie Reginaldo
Ong Go
Introduction
Teaching Approach
- is a set of principles, beliefs or ideas
about the nature of learning which is
translated into the classroom.
Teaching Strategy
- is a long term plan of action
designed to achieve a particular goal.
Teaching Approach
Teaching Method
- is a systematic way of doing
something.
Teaching Technique
- is a well-defined procedure used to
accomplish a specific activity or task.
The relationship
Approach Strategy Method Method
Examples of Teaching Approach
Teacher-centered Learner-centered
Subject matter-centered Learner-centered
Teacher-dominated Interactive
“Banking” approach Constructivist
Disciplinal Integrated
Individualistic Collaborative
Indirect, guided Direct
Other Teaching Approaches
Research-based approach
Whole Child approach
Metacognitive approach
Problem-based approach
In summary, approaches vary in the
degree of teacher and learner
engagement, focus, number of learners
involved in the teaching-learning process.
Teacher Engagement Learner
Subject matter Focus Learner
Individual Number Group
Direct/Expository Approach
1. Direct Instruction/Lecture Method
- is aimed at helping students acquire
procedural knowledge which is knowledge
exercised in the performance of some task.
Steps of the Direct Method or
Lecture Method
a) Provide the rationale
b) Demonstrate the skill
c) Provide guided practice until mastery
d) Check for understanding and provide
feedback
e) Provide extended practice and transfer
f) Assess learning at the end
If you teach facts, principles or
laws, the steps are:
a) Give a short introduction by providing the
rationale
b) Present your lesson
c) Develop the lesson by explaining, illustrating it
with diagrams if appropriate and/or by giving
concrete examples
d) Give application of the lesson
e) Check for understanding and provide feedback
If you teach facts, principles or
laws, the steps are:
a) Give a short introduction by providing the
rationale
b) Present your lesson
c) Develop the lesson by explaining, illustrating it
with diagrams if appropriate and/or by giving
concrete examples
d) Give application of the lesson
e) Check for understanding and provide feedback
Instructional Characteristics
1. The strategy is teacher-directed
2. The emphasis is on the teaching skill. Each step
must be mastered, hence the students gain “how”
rather than “what”. It is termed procedural
knowledge.
3. Taught in a step-by-step fashion, it ensures the
learning of the entire procedure with no step
missed.
4. Lesson objective include easily observed behaviors
that ca be measured accurately.
5. This is a form of learning through imitation,
sometimes termed “behavioral modeling”
6. This can also be used to teach facts, principles and
laws.
Guides for Its Effective Use
* Teaching skill
1. The students must be given ample time for practice.
2. They must be included in the planning stage since this technique
is highly task-oriented and aimed at mastery of every step. The
lesson objectives are student-based.
3. Describe the testing situation and specify the level of
performance expected.
4. Divide complex skills and understanding into subskills or into its
component steps so they can be taught easily and with
precision.
5. Design own strategy in teaching each skill which will eventually
contribute to the learning of the entire skill.
6. Before the demonstration, carefully rehearse all steps. The steps
should be observed and followed.
7. Assign practice for short periods of time, then continue learning
by imitating others.
8. Provide feedback and encouragement through praises.
9. Be able to construct good performance-based tests.
Teaching declarative knowledge-
facts, principles and laws
1. Be sure the facts, principles and laws are
correctly, clearly and adequately explained.
2. Use visual aids to concretize abstract
principles and laws.
3. Illustrate laws and principles with concrete
examples.
4. Present facts meaningful by citing their
significance and by connecting them with
everyday life.
2. Demonstration Method
- the teacher or an assigned student or group
shows how a process is done while the
students become observers.
Guidelines for Its Effective Use
*Before
1. The demonstrator/s must be well-selected.
2. When planning the activities, the materials
must be made easily available.
3. Equipment and tools to be used must be
ready.
4. The demonstrator must try the activity
several times before the real demonstration
