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Basic Search and Rescue

This document provides an introduction to basic search and rescue techniques for lay rescuers. It outlines the three key steps of search and rescue: size up, search, and rescue. Size up involves assessing risk and determining the best plan of action. Search is locating victims and documenting their locations. Rescue involves extricating and moving victims to safety. The document emphasizes prioritizing rescuer safety and helping the greatest number of people.

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Gom-o Eugenio Jr
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4K views23 pages

Basic Search and Rescue

This document provides an introduction to basic search and rescue techniques for lay rescuers. It outlines the three key steps of search and rescue: size up, search, and rescue. Size up involves assessing risk and determining the best plan of action. Search is locating victims and documenting their locations. Rescue involves extricating and moving victims to safety. The document emphasizes prioritizing rescuer safety and helping the greatest number of people.

Uploaded by

Gom-o Eugenio Jr
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Introduction: Provides an overview of the role and importance of lay rescuers in basic search and rescue operations.
  • Concept of Search and Rescue: Explains the basic science and purpose of search and rescue operations.
  • Basic Principles of Search and Rescue: Outlines primary principles such as rescuer safety and efficient victim rescue.
  • The Three Basic Key Steps of Search and Rescue: Details the three essential steps: size up, search, and rescue, necessary for effective SAR operations.
  • Step-by-Step Process: Detailed explanation of the 'size up', 'search', and 'rescue' steps, each crucial to SAR efforts.
  • The L.A.S.T. Philosophy: Describes the Locate, Access, Stabilize, Transport methodology used in structured SAR approaches.
  • Priorities in SAR: Emphasizes the order of priorities for rescuers, other rescuers, and victims during SAR operations.
  • Components of SAR: Explains the critical elements of search and rescue, including tools, time, and rescuers themselves.
  • Key Considerations: Lists critical factors to consider while conducting a search and rescue mission.
  • Tips for SAR Operations: Provides practical tips for safely and effectively conducting SAR missions.

BASIC SEARCH

AND RESCUE
An Introduction to Lay Rescuers
CONCEPT OF SEARCH AND RESCUE
Search and Rescue is a science of searching for
and providing aid and/or rescue of persons
who are, or thought to be in need of assistance.
Basic Search and Rescue
Primary principles of search and rescue
The primary principles of search and rescue are
as follows:
• Maintain rescuer safety at all times.
• Rescue the greatest number of people in the
shortest amount of time.
• Rescue the lightly trapped victims first.
The Three Basic Key Steps
of Search and Rescue
Search and rescue consists of three different
steps that must be planned carefully and
practiced in advance.
• Size up
• Search
• Rescue
Step 1: Size up
SIZE UP – involves assessing the situation and
determining what one is going to do and if yes,
then how. The decision whether to attempt a
rescue should be based on:
– The risks involved.
– Achievement of the overall goal of doing the
greatest good for the greatest number.
Step 2: Search
SEARCH – involves locating victims and
documenting their location.
Step 3: Rescue
RESCUE – involves the procedures and methods
of extricating and moving victims to safety.
7 Steps of SAR
Step 1: Gather facts.
Step 2: Assess damage (to structure, etc.).
Step 3: Identify your resources.
Step 4: Establish the rescue priorities.
Step 5: Develop a rescue plan.
Step 6: Conduct the rescue.
Step 7: Evaluate your progress.
Each of the steps will provide information
that may be critical to search and rescue
efforts.
SAR and the L.A.S.T.
Philosophy

L - OCATE
A - CCESS
S - TABILISE
T - RANSPORT
Locate
A search function and involves
identifying and locating
victims, as well as
documenting their location.
Necessitates physically
looking for the subject.
Access
Generally, a rescue
consideration and involves
procedures and methods to
extricate victims
Stabilize
The medical
component of
SEARCH AND
RESCUE.
Transport
The transfer of
subject to
definitive care.
Priorities in SAR
 You (the rescuer)
 Your companion (fellow
rescuers)
 The casualty (victim)

When the rescuers are threatened, the focus of


effort changes from the victim to the problems
with the rescuers.
“Do the greatest good for
the greatest number of
people.”
The Components of SAR
Rescuers include
trained personnel and
volunteers. Ability of
the rescuer to perform
his/her job efficient
and effective.
Tools depend on their
availability and the needs of
the situation. For example,
storm or earthquake damage
may require tools for lifting
debris whereas flood
damage may require boats,
ropes, and PFD’s.
Time may be very limited for
some victims. The first 24
hours after a disaster has been
called the “Golden Day,” that
period during which injured or
trapped victims have an 80
percent chance of survival if
rescued.
Key considerations
Survey the site
At the disaster site, there are chances of
fire, hanging electric wire, falling objects, etc.
which are threat to rescuer, victim as well as by
standers.
Key considerations
• What has happened, what is occurring and
what is likely to happen.
• Bystanders at the scene can help rescuers by
taking care of casualties, calling ambulance,
Fire Services Department, Police Force or
finding out anything available at the scene for
rescuing causalities.
Key considerations
• Rescuers should listen carefully the call for help
such as scream, moan and cry of casualties.
• Call the missing person by name or in case,
rescuer doesn’t know the name of missing
person, call ‘Is anybody there?’ After call, wait for
some time to get response before giving the next
call.
• When search is at night, keep the lantern/lamp
below waist level.
Tips
• Use hand whenever possible for search.
Spades to be used cautiously to avoid
inadvertently injuring a casualty.
• Rescuer should not become victim in a rescue
operation.

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