A LESSON ON TENSES
WHAT IS
A TENSE?
VERB FORM THAT SHOWS THE TIME
OF ACTION IS CALLED TENSE.
1. Simple Present
PRESENT 2. Present Progressive
TENSE 3. Present Perfect
[Link] Perfect Continuous
KINDS 1. Simple Past
2. Past Progressive
OF PAST TENSE
3. Past Perfect
TENSE [Link] Perfect Continuous
1. Simple Future
FUTURE 2. Future Progressive
TENSE 3. Future Perfect
[Link] Perfect Continuous
VERB INTRODUCTION
There are 3 verbs in English :
VERB 1 VERB 2 VERB3
write wrote written
read read read
sleep slept slept
eat ate eaten
drive drove driven
PRESENT
V1
She
He studies English
doesn’t study
I
You study English
We don’t study
They
PRACTISE PRESENT
He (push) the door They (play) football
He pushes the door They play football
He doesn’t push the door They don’t play football
She (go) to Surabaya We (climb) the mountain
She goes to Surabaya We climb the mountain
She doesn’t go to Surabaya We don’t climb the
I (send) the letter mountain
I send the letter Adi (serve) dinner
I don’t send the letter Adi serves dinner
You (watch) film Adi doesn’t serve dinner
You watch film
You don’t watch film
PAST
V2
She
He
I studied English
You didn’t study
We
They
PRACTISE PAST
He (push) the door They (play) football
He pushed the door They played football
He didn’t push the door They didn’t play football
She (go) to Surabaya We (climb) the mountain
She went to Surabaya We climbed the mountain
She didn’t go to Surabaya We didn’t climb the
I (send) the letter mountain
I sent the letter Adi (serve) dinner
I didn’t send the letter Adi served dinner
You (watch) film Adi didn’t serve dinner
You watched film
You didn’t watch film
PERFECT
has / have + V3
She
He has studied
hasn’t studied
I
You
We have studied
They haven’t studied
PRACTISE PERFECT
He (push) the door They (play) football
He has pushed the door They have played football
He hasn’t pushed the door They haven’t played
She (go) to Surabaya
football
She has gone to Surabaya
We (climb) the mountain
She hasn’t gone to
Surabaya We have climbed the
I (send) the letter mountain
I have sent the letter We haven’t climbed the
I haven’t sent the letter mountain
You (watch) film Adi (serve) dinner
You have watched film Adi has served dinner
You haven’t watched film Adi hasn’t served dinner
PROGRESSIVE
be + Ving
She is studying
He
I am studying English
You
We are studying
They
PRACTISE PROGRESIVE
He (push) the door They (play) football
He is pushing the door They are playing football
He isn’t pushing the door They aren’t playing
She (go) to Surabaya football
She is going to Surabaya We (climb) the mountain
She isn’t going to Surabaya We are climbing the
I (send) the letter mountain
I am sending the letter We aren’t climbing the
I am not sending the letter mountain
You (watch) film Adi (serve) dinner
You are watching film Adi is serving dinner
You aren’t watching film Adi isn’t serving dinner
FUTURE
will + V1
She
He
I will study English
You will not study
We
They
PRACTISE FUTURE
He (push) the door They (play) football
He will push the door They will play football
He will not push the door They will not play football
She (go) to Surabaya We (climb) the mountain
She will go to Surabaya We will climb the
She will not go to Surabaya mountain
I (send) the letter We will not climb the
I will send the letter mountain
I will not send the letter Adi (serve) dinner
You (watch) film Adi will serve dinner
You will watch film Adi will not serve dinner
You will not watch film
LET’S REPEAT ONCE AGAIN!
PRESENT ?
V1
PAST ?
V2
PROGRESSIVE?
be + Ving
PERFECT ?
has/have + V3
FUTURE ?
will + V1
THE MIXED TENSES
She go to Surabaya
PAST PERFECT
V2 has/have+V3
had+V3
She had gone to Surabaya
He climb the mountain
PAST PROGRESSIVE
V2 Be + Ving
was/were + Ving
He was climbing the mountain
They are watching television
PAST FUTURE
V2 will + V1
would + V1
He would watch television
Adi will send the letter
PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
has/have + V3 be+ Ving
has/have been Ving
Adi has been sending the letter
You are writing the note
FUTURE PERFECT
will + V1 has/have + V3
will have V3
You will have written the note
He created the kite
FUTURE PROGRESSIVE
will + V1 be + Ving
will be Ving
He will be creating the kite
We ran to the city
FUTURE PERFECT PROGRESIVE
will + V1 has/have + V3 be + Ving
will have been Ving
We will have been running to the city
They are playing basketball
PAST FUTURE PERFECT
V2 will + V1 has/have+V3
would have V3
They would have played basketball
He sends the packages
PAST FUTURE PROGRESSIVE
V2 will + V1 be+Ving
would be Ving
He would be sending the packages
CHANGE INTO PAST
They are studying English
They studied English
CHANGE INTO PRESENT
He will drive the car
He drives the car
CHANGE INTO PAST PERFECT
We will play football
We had played football
CHANGE INTO PROGRESSIVE
We called the committee
We are calling the committee
CHANGE INTO FUTURE
Adi is eating cake
Adi will eat cake
CHANGE INTO PAST FUTURE
He sends the letter
He would send the letter
CHANGE INTO PAST PROGRESSIVE
We have studied English
We were studying English
CHANGE INTO PRESENT
You are helping him
You help him
CHANGE INTO FUTURE
PROGRESSIVE
We wrote novels
We will be writing novel
CHANGE INTO PERFECT
He will drive the car
He has driven the car
CHANGE INTO PERFECT
PROGRESSIVE
They studied English
They have been studying English
CHANGE INTO PAST FUTURE
He drives the car
He would drive the car
CHANGE INTO PERFECT
She buys some eggs
She has bought some eggs
CHANGE INTO PAST FUTURE
He types the letter
He would type the letter
CHANGE INTO PAST PERFECT
PROGRESSIVE
They are studying English
They had been studying English
CHANGE INTO PAST FUTURE
PROGRESSIVE
He will drive the car
He would be driving the car
CHANGE INTO PAST PERFECT
PROGRESSIVE
I study English
I had been studying English
CHANGE INTO FUTURE PERFECT
PROGRESSIVE
He drives the car
He will have been driving the car
CHANGE INTO FUTURE PAST
PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
We play football
We would have been playing football
CHANGE INTO PAST FUTURE
PROGRESSIVE
We called the committee
We would be calling the committee
CHANGE INTO FUTURE PERFECT
PROGRESSIVE
Adi is eating cake
Adi will have been eating cake
CHANGE INTO PAST FUTURE
PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
He sends the letter
He would have been sending the letter
CHANGE INTO PAST PERFECT
PROGRESSIVE
We have studied English
We had been studying English
CHANGE INTO FUTURE
We have been writing the novel
We will write the novel
CHANGE INTO PAST PERFECT
He will have been driving the car
He had driven the car
CHANGE INTO FUTURE PERFECT
PROGRESSIVE
They studied English
They will have been studying English
CHANGE INTO PAST FUTURE
PERFECT
He drives the car
He would have driven the car
CHANGE INTO PERFECT
She doesn’t buy some eggs
She has not bought some eggs
CHANGE INTO PRESENT
He will not have been typing the letter
He doesn’t type the letter
CHANGE INTO PAST
They will not have been studying English
They didn’t study English
CHANGE INTO PRESENT
He has not been driving the car
He doesn’t drive the car
PRACTISE
1. She will read the novels. (Past Future Perfect)
2. They are playing basketball. (Past Perfect)
3. We didn’t see the competition. (Past Progressive)
4. I arrived there yesterday. (Past Future)
5. He is not sending the mail. (Perfect Progressive)
6. They would be painting the wall. (Past)
7. We served dinner. (Past Future Perfect Progressive)
8. You have met him yesterday. (Past Perfect)
9. I don’t take the chance. (Future Progressive)
10. She has never told me. (Future Perfect Progressive)
ANSWER KEY
1. She would have read the novels.
2. They had played basketball.
3. We weren’t seeing the competition.
4. I would arrive there yesterday.
5. He has not been sending the mail.
6. They painted the wall.
7. We would have been serving dinner.
8. You had met him yesterday.
9. I will not be taking the chance.
10. She will have never been telling me.
THE TENSES
PRESENT
CONTINUOU
S
I am studying
PAST PERFECT at the moment. FUTURE
SIMPLE FUTURE PERFECT
I had done my
homework before I
PAST SIMPLE
I went to the cinema
NOW CONTINUOUS
I will be studying
SIMPLE
I will have finished
went to the cinema yesterday. tomorrow at 6.00. my homework by
yesterday. 8.00 tomorrow.
YESTERDAY TOMORROW
PAST PRESENT FUTURE FUTURE PERFECT
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS SIMPLE SIMPLE CONTINUOUS
CONTINUOUS I was watching I do my homework I will be a doctor I will have been doing
I had been doing my a film at 9.00 every day. one day. my homework for two
homework for two yesterday.
hours by 8.00
hours before I went tomorrow.
PRESENT
to the cinema PRESENT
PERFECT
yesterday. PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
SIMPLE
I have been learning
I have visited the
English for five
T
UK.
years. FU
S T UR
PA E
PRESENT
