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Effectiveness of Nasal Plugs vs Masks

The document discusses the design of nasal plugs made from different materials like N-95 respirator material, surgical masks, and cotton balls. It was found that cotton ball nasal plugs were as effective at preventing infection from droplet transmission as the other more expensive options. The document also discusses adding bismuth to nasal plugs due to its ability to inhibit coronaviruses. While bismuth has advantages as an antiseptic, it also has disadvantages like potential neurotoxicity. Other potential coatings discussed include salt coatings, which were found to highly effectively deactivate viruses.

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srutii
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149 views10 pages

Effectiveness of Nasal Plugs vs Masks

The document discusses the design of nasal plugs made from different materials like N-95 respirator material, surgical masks, and cotton balls. It was found that cotton ball nasal plugs were as effective at preventing infection from droplet transmission as the other more expensive options. The document also discusses adding bismuth to nasal plugs due to its ability to inhibit coronaviruses. While bismuth has advantages as an antiseptic, it also has disadvantages like potential neurotoxicity. Other potential coatings discussed include salt coatings, which were found to highly effectively deactivate viruses.

Uploaded by

srutii
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

NASAL PLUGS

SRUTI 18BME1190
ALISHA LISHO 18BME1178
DESIGN DISCUSSION
WHY USE SURGICAL MASK/ N-95 MATERIAL?
• Nasal plugs were made from an N-95
. The ability of the nasal plug
respirator, surgical mask or a cotton ball material to prevent infection by droplet
and inserted into the nares of volunteer transmission was also tested. A piece of
each material was placed on a blood agar
plate, the volunteer coughed onto the
healthcare workers for 30 min. Initial and plate and the material was removed.
persistent respiratory resistance, choking
Bacterial colonies only grew in the areas
sensation, and discomfort in the mouth not previously covered by the nasal plug
and nose areas were recorded for the three material. The cotton ball nasal plug is
probably as effective as the N-95
different nasal plugs, the N-95 respirator respirator
and a surgical mask. Nasal plugs were or surgical masks at preventing infection,
and is much cheaper.
more convenient and better tolerated than
the masks
WHY ADD BISMUTH?

• Recently, bismuth was discovered to be effective in inhibiting severe acute


respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) with an IC50 less than 1 μM.
The potential target of bismuth is the SCV NTPase/helicase, a zinc-
containing enzyme that has RNA capping activity and controls the virus
reproduction. Binding of bismuth may induce conformational changes in the
enzyme, which subsequently affects the helicase RNA/DNA unwinding
activity, thereby inhibiting the virus proliferation
ADVANTAGES OF BISMUTH:

• It is a topical astringent and antiseptic.


• It is soluble in weak acid but insoluble in
water and alcohol.
• Highly effective towards aerosolized
pathogens.
• It contributes to the antibacterial properties
of BIPP pack by releasing dilute nitric acid
on hydrolysis.
DISADVANTAGES OF BISMUTH:

• Bismuth has side effects like neurotoxicity because it is known to interfere with
oxidative metabolism of brain.
• Symptoms of its toxicity include :
• Headache
• Nausea
• Stomatitis
• Bismuth line in the gingiva
CONTRAINDICATION FOR USING BIP:

• During pregnancy
• During states of Hypo / Hyperthyroidism
• Patients with known allergy to iodine
OTHER COATINGS FOR LAYER 2-
 When tested with tightly sealed sides, salt-coated filters showed
remarkably higher filtration efficiency than conventional mask filtration
layer, and 100% survival rate was observed in mice infected with virus
penetrated through salt-coated filters.

The salt coating on the fiber surface dissolves upon exposure to virus
aerosols and recrystallizes during drying, destroying the pathogens.

Viruses captured on salt-coated filters exhibited rapid infectivity loss


compared to gradual decrease on bare filters.

 Salt-coated filters proved highly effective in deactivating influenza viruses


regardless of subtypes and following storage in harsh environmental
conditions
POINTS OF CONCERN
• Some individuals may find soft resin/
plastic on the body casing to be itchy.

• It should not be made large enough to


fit perfectly and not be inhaled
accidentally as it may get stuck in the
trachea.

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