EARTHQUAKE
Mr. Philip D. Acabado
Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation
Lucena City
Earthquake
A shaking of the ground caused by sudden slippage of rock
masses below or at the surface of the earth.
It is a wavelike movement of the earth’s surface.
May be classified as either tectonic or volcanic.
Usually associated with shocks called foreshocks and
aftershocks.
Foreshocks
A series of tremors that occur before the main earthquake.
Aftershocks
Weaker earthquakes that follow the main shocks and can
cause further damage to weakened buildings.
What to do before:
Recommend to appropriate authorities the evaluation of
structural soundness of school buildings and important
infrastructures.
Request appropriate authorities to determine whether the
school site is along an active fault and/or in liquefaction or
landslide prone areas which may cause school buildings to
fall.
Make sure that school building design complies with the
National Building Code Standard.
What to do before:
Prepare and maintain an earthquake survival kit:
Water at least 1 liter per person (up to 1 Blankets
gallon per person) Emergency Lightsticks
First Aid Kit with critical basic Watch or clock
medication Toilet paper and other hygiene items
First Aid Manual / Survival Manual (soap, shampoo)
Canned food and can opener Newspapers
Nutritional foodbars Candles and matches
AM/FM Radio and two-way radios, Whistles or small bells, emergency alarm
battery operated Sharp utility knives
Spare batteries, rechargeable batteries Rope or nylon cords
Flashlight with batteries / emergency Plastic tape , duct tape
shake flashlights
What to do during:
Drop, Cover, and Hold
The “Drop, Cover and Hold” protocol (drop to the floor, cover
your head, and hold on to a solid object), when performed
correctly with an awareness of your surroundings, remains the
most effective way to protect yourself when an earthquake occurs.
What to do during:
Direct pupils/students to stay inside a structurally sound
building.
Advise pupils/students to protect their body from falling debris
by bracing themselves in a doorway or by getting under a
sturdy desk or table.
When inside a vehicle, pull to the side of the road and stop.
Do not attempt to cross bridges or overpasses which may have
been damaged.
What to do during:
Direct pupils/students to move to an open area when they are
outside a building or any structure.
Stay away from power lines, posts, walls, and other structures
that may fall or collapse. Stay away from buildings with large
glass panes.
Move away from steep escarpments which may be affected by
landslides particularly if they are on a mountain or near steep
hill slopes.
What to do after:
Advise pupils/students to take the fastest and safest way out if
caught in an old or weak classroom building. They should be
advised to :
Get out calmly and in an orderly manner. Not to rush or push
one another.
Not to use elevators, but instead use the stairs.
Check themselves for cuts and for injuries and approach the
nearest teacher for assistance.
What to do after:
Check the surroundings of the schools
Call the authority to clean up chemical spills, toxic and
flammable materials since this is hazardous to untrained
people.
Check for fire and if any, have it controlled.
Check the water and electrical lines for defects. If any damage
is suspected, turn the system off in the main valve or switch.
Help reduce the number of casualties from the earthquake
What to do after:
Do not use the telephone to call relatives and friends. Disaster
prevention authorities may need the lines for emergency calls
and communications.
If there is a need to evacuate, apply the buddy-buddy system
and follow orders from the Principal/School Head. Wait for
your parents to fetch you from the evacuation area and inform
the Principal/School Head if you will leave the area.
Take with you your Earthquake Survival Kit, which contains
all the necessary items for your protection and comfort.
Thank You!
