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Oxidation Grade7

Combustion and oxidation reactions involve the rearrangement of atoms, not their creation or destruction, explaining why the mass of reactants and products are equal according to the law of conservation of mass. Early theories like the phlogiston theory were disproven by experiments showing some reactions cause mass to increase as oxygen is incorporated, rather than decrease by releasing phlogiston. Careful measurement of masses of gases in reactions supported the replacement of phlogiston theory with the discovery of oxygen as the substance involved in combustion and oxidation.

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60 views12 pages

Oxidation Grade7

Combustion and oxidation reactions involve the rearrangement of atoms, not their creation or destruction, explaining why the mass of reactants and products are equal according to the law of conservation of mass. Early theories like the phlogiston theory were disproven by experiments showing some reactions cause mass to increase as oxygen is incorporated, rather than decrease by releasing phlogiston. Careful measurement of masses of gases in reactions supported the replacement of phlogiston theory with the discovery of oxygen as the substance involved in combustion and oxidation.

Uploaded by

sania
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Combustion

Oxidation
Law of conservation of mass
In a chemical reaction, the mass of the reactants is always the
same as the mass of the products. This is because atoms are
not created or destroyed in chemical reactions; they are just
rearranged into different compounds.
Heating Zinc in Air
• What do you think will happen to mass when
zinc is heated in air?

• Why did the mass increase?


The mass of the white powder is more than
initial mass of Zinc because the zinc has
combined with oxygen from air and formed
zinc oxide.
• When you burn a piece of wood, the ashes that
are left have a smaller mass than the wood you
started with. Why the mass decrease?
• This is because one of the products of the
reaction is carbon dioxide gas, which has
escaped into the air.
•  If you heat carbon strongly in air, the mass
seems to go down. Why does this happen?
• Carbon dioxide is produced which is a gas
which escapes in air.
Written work
1. If a mass of 2.4g of magnesium is burnt in air.
4.0g of magnesium oxide is formed.
a)What kind of reaction is this? Explain your
answer
b)What was the mass of oxygen that reacted
with Magnesium? Explain your answer
phlogiston theory
• The theory held that all flammable substances contained a
combustible substance called phlogiston. When burnt, the
phlogiston was released and the substance was formed called
a calx.
• The phlogiston theory could explain a lot of observations
about burning and other reactions, but it did not explain why
some things appeared to gain mass when they reacted.
• Careful experiments that measured the
masses of gases showed that the phlogiston
theory was wrong. This led to the discovery of
oxygen. However some scientist continued
believing in it. They thought it was because of
the heat and light given off in combustion.
Today we see this as an evidence of the
transfer of energy to the surroundings
homework
• A supporter of the phlogiston theory says that
when petrol burns in air phlogiston is lost to
the air so the mass decreases. Write a letter to
this person explaining why the phlogiston
theory is wrong.
Wrap up
• Why do the mass not change in oxidation
reaction?
• Why phlogiston theory is wrong?
homework
• Q5,6,7 page 53 workbook
• Q1-2 page 54 workbook

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