Recognizing and Naming Binary
Ionic Compound
How do we know that the
compound is an ionic
compound?
Recognizing Binary Ionic
Compounds
Binary Compound
A compound in which NaCl, CO2, NH3, and
only 2 elements are P4O10
present
Binary Ionic Compound Metal
An Ionic compound in
which one element present
is a metal and the other NaCl
element present is non- Non-Metal
metal
Exercises
Which of the following binary compounds would be
expected to be an ionic compound?
Al2S3 Ionic CO2 Not Ionic
H2O Not Ionic MgCl2 Ionic
KF Ionic PF3 Not Ionic
NH3 Not Ionic Fe2O3 Ionic
Naming Binary Ionic Compounds
Rule: The full name of the metallic element is
given first, followed by a separate word
containing the stem of the metallic non-metallic
element and the suffix –ide.
Metal Note:
“chlor” is the stem of
potassium chloride the non-metallic
element chlorine
Non-Metal
Name of Selected Non-Metallic
Ions
Exercises
Name the following binary ioniccompounds
MgO magnesium oxide Al2S3 aluminum sulfide
K3N potassium nitride BeO berellium oxide
lithium
CaCl2 calcium chloride Li3P
phosphide
Na2S sodium sulfide BaI2 barium iodide
Naming Binary Compound with
Variable Ionic Behavior
What is Variable Ionic Behavior?
Pertains to the less predictable behavior of some metals
because they have the ability to form more than one type
of ion.(Ex. Fe2+ and Fe3+)
Note:
all inner transition elements, most transition metals, and a few
representative metals exhibit variable ionic charge behavior.
Naming Binary Compound with
Variable Ionic Behavior
Rule: “The charge of the metal ion must be
included in the name.”
iron (II) chloride
Ex. FeCl2 and FeCl3
iron (III) chloride
Naming Binary Compound with
Variable Ionic Behavior
Old Method: “Latin name is used + the suffix –ic and –ous.” “ic”
is used for ion of higher charge, and “ous” for ion of lower
charge.
FeCl2 ferrous chloride
FeCl3 ferric chloride
Naming Binary Compound with
Variable Ionic Behavior
Calculating for the charge of Metal Ion
Ionic charge must add
to zero
Ex. FeCl2
iron charge + 2 (chlorine charge) = 0
Iron charge + 2(-) = 0
Iron charge = 2+
Fixed-charge metals
Exercises
Name the following compounds, which contain on or
more polyatomic ions
AuCl Gold (I) chloride Fe2O3 Iron (III) oxide
Copper (I)
PbO2 Lead (IV) oxide Cu2S
sulfide
Polyatomic Ions
ION
Monatomic ion
Polyatomic Ion “an ion formed from a
single atom through
“an ion formed from a loss or gain of
group of atoms (held electrons.”
together by covalent
bonds) through loss or Ex. Cl-,Na+, Ca2+, N3-
gain of electrons.”
Ex. NO3-, SO42-, PO43-
Names and Formulas of some
Polyatomic Ions
Are Polyatomic ions molecules?
NO! MOLECULE
“group of two or more atoms
that functions as a unit
because the atoms are tightly
bound together.”
“One of the fundamental
Molecules can occur units forming a chemical
alone. Polyatomic ions compound”
don’t.
Are Polyatomic Ions compounds?
NO! Polyatomic ions are “charged
pieces of a compound”, not
compounds.
Ionic compounds require
They are found presence of both positive and
associated with ions of negative ions and are neutral
opposite charge. overall.
Generalizations concerning
Polyatomic ions names and charges
1. Most of the polyatomic ions have negative charge,
which can vary from -1 to -3. (except NH4
(Ammonium) and H3O+ (hydronium))
2. 2 of the negatively charged polyatomic ions, OH-
(hydroxide) and CN- (cyanide) have names ending
in –ide.
Generalizations concerning
Polyatomic ions names and charges
3. A number of –ate and –ite pairs of ions exist, as in
SO42- (sulfate) and SO32- (sulfite). The –ate ion
always has one more oxygen atom than the –ite ion.
Both the –ate and –ite ions carry the same charge.
4. A number of pairs of ions exist wherein one
member of the pair differs from the other by having
a hydrogen atoms present, as in CO32- (carbonate)
and HCO3- (hydrogen carbonate or bicarbonate). In
such pairs, the charge on the ion that contains the
hydrogen is always 1 less than that of the other ion.
Chemical Formulas and Names for Ionic
Compounds containing Polyatomic Ions
1. When more than 1 polyatomic ion of a given kind is required
in a chemical formula, the polyatomic ion is enclosed in
parentheses, and a subscript, placed outside the parentheses,
is used to indicate the number of polyatomic ions needed.
Iron charge + 3(OH charge) = 0
Iron charge + 3(-1) = 0
Fe(OH)3 Iron charge – 3 = 0
Iron charge = 3+
Iron (III) hydroxide
Chemical Formulas and Names for Ionic
Compounds containing Polyatomic Ions
2. So that the identity of polyatomic ions is
preserved, the same elemental symbol may be
used more than one in chemical formula.
Both NH4 and NO3 has Nitrogen (N) as
part of their components.
NH4NO3
(Ammonium nitrate)
Exercises
Determine the chemical formula for the ionic
compounds that contain these pair of ions.
Na+ and SO42- Na2SO4 K+ and CO32- K2CO3
Mg2+ and NO3- Mg(NO3)2 Ca2+ and OH- Ca(OH)2
NH4+ and
NH4 and CN
+ -
NH4CN (NH4)2HPO4
HPO42-
Exercises
Name the following compounds, which contain one or
more polyatomic ions
Calcium
Ca3(PO4)2 Ba(NO3)2 Barium nitrate
phosphate
Copper (I)
Fe2(SO4)3 Iron (III) sulfate Cu3PO4
phosphate
(NH4)2CO3 Ammonium (NH4)2SO4 Ammonium sulfate
carbonate
Ionic Bonds and Ionic
Compounds
At a Glance
Nomenclature of Ionic
Compounds
At a Glance
Reference
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry by
H. Stephen Stoker
