Using DSR in ns2
Rishi Sinha
Objective
• Quick introduction to using DSR
• Not about wireless simulation as such
• Leaves not much in terms of using DSR
• DSR code recompiling for various options
• DSR code recompiling for various trace
messages
DSR characteristics
• Reactive
• Source-routing
• ARP-like behavior
• Router object in ns – sends and receives
packets from agents and link layer
DSR basic mechanisms
• Route discovery – limited
• Route discovery – flooding
• Source route construction
• Route reply
• Route error
• Salvaging
DSR in ns script
$ns_ node-config -adhocRouting $val(rp) \
-llType $val(ll) \
-macType $val(mac) \
-ifqType $val(ifq) \
-ifqLen $val(ifqlen) \
-antType $val(ant) \
-propType $val(prop) \
-phyType $val(netif) \
-channelType $val(chan) \
-topoInstance $topo \
-agentTrace ON \
-routerTrace ON \
-macTrace OFF \
-movementTrace OFF
The val array
set val(chan) Channel/WirelessChannel ;# channel type
set val(prop) Propagation/TwoRayGround ;# radio-propagation model
set val(netif) Phy/WirelessPhy ;# network interface type
set val(mac) Mac/802_11 ;# MAC type
set val(ifq) Queue/DropTail/PriQueue ;# interface queue type
set val(ll) LL ;# link layer type
set val(ant) Antenna/OmniAntenna ;# antenna model
set val(ifqlen) 50 ;# max packet in ifq
set val(nn) 2 ;# number of mobilenodes
set val(rp) DSR ;# routing protocol
DSR code in ns
• $NS/dsr/[Link]
• Edit to make changes
• In $NS:
– make depend
– make
• ns defaults - $NS/tcl/lib/[Link]
DSR traces using node-config
• $ns_ node-config -routerTrace ON
• s 128.014398266 _0_ RTR --- 3 DSR 24 [0 0 0 0]
------- [0:255 2:255 32 0] 1 [1 2] [0 2 0 0->0] [0 0
0 0->0]
• Send
• Time
• Node
• Router or agent
• Packet (event) id
• Packet type
• Size
DSR traces using DSR code
• Unconditional trace () statements
• Conditional trace statements – verbose
• trace() implementation checks for verbose
• So unconditional not output
• Make changes in [Link] and recompile
ns
Non-verbose output
void
DSRAgent::trace(char* fmt, ...)
{
...
if (verbose) {
va_start(ap, fmt);
vsprintf(logtarget->pt_->buffer(), fmt, ap);
logtarget->pt_->dump();
va_end(ap);
}
}
Non-verbose output
• Remove the conditional shown above
• SRR 127.93668 _0_ new-request 0 0 #1 -> 2
• SRR 128.00957 _0_ new-request 16 0 #2 -> 2
• SRR 128.021161410 _2_ reply-sent 2 -> 0 #2 (len
3) [(0) 1 2 ]
Verbose output
• Let the conditional be
• Output will include non-verbose output
• Change these lines:
• static const int verbose = 0;
• static const int verbose_srr = 0;
Verbose output
• S$miss 127.93668 _0_ 0 -> 2
• Sdebug 127.93668 _0_ stuck into send buff 0 ->
2
• S$hit 135.40639 _0_ 0 -> 2 [(0) 1 2 ]
DSR options
• Timeouts
– Time arp_timeout = 30.0e-3; // (sec) arp request
timeout
– Time rt_rq_period = 0.5; // (sec) length of one
backoff period
– Time rt_rq_max_period = 10.0; // (sec) maximum time
between rt reqs
• bool dsragent_snoop_forwarded_errors = true;
// give errors we forward to our cache?
• bool dsragent_snoop_source_routes = true;
// should we snoop on any source routes we see?
Trace file analysis
• Using grep and awk to get times of all
cache misses:
$ cat [Link] > awk ‘$1==“S\$miss”{print $2, $3}’
• Using grep and awk to get times of all
drops:
$ cat [Link] > awk ‘$1==“SRR” &&
$4==“dropped”{print $2, $3}’
