VOLUMES BY CYLINDRICAL SHELLS METHOD

Cylinder Shell

r

h h

2r 2r
surface Area  2rh shell volume  2rhr
r  (r2  r1 ), r  12 (r2  r1 )
 Cylindrical Shells
• A cylindrical shell is a solid enclosed by two concentric
right circular cylinders. The volume V of a cylindrical
shell with inner radius r1, outer radius r2, and height h
can be written as
V = [area of a cross section][height]
 (r  r )h
2
2
1
2

  (r2  r1 )(r2  r1 )h
1
 2 [ (r1  r2 )]  h  (r2  r1 )
2
 Cylindrical Shells
• A cylindrical shell is a solid enclosed by two concentric
right circular cylinders. The volume V of a cylindrical
shell with inner radius r1, outer radius r2, and height h
can be written as
1
(r1  r2 ) is the average radius and r  r is the thickness
2 2 1

1
 2 [ (r1  r2 )]  h  (r2  r1 )
2
V  2  [ave.radius ]  [height ]  [thickness]
VOLUMES BY CYLINDRICAL SHELLS

:Example
Find the volume of the solid
obtained by rotating the region
enclosed by the curves y=sin(x)
and y=0 about the y-axis . Find
the volume of the resulting
solid.

Disk Method Shell Method

The method of shells is fundamentally different from the method of disks.  The method of This demo was developed by Lila F. Roberts
disks involves slicing the solid perpendicular to the axis of revolution to obtain the disks.  College of Information & Mathematical Sciences
Clayton State University
However, the method of shells fills the solid with cylindrical shells Morrow, GA 30260
VOLUMES BY CYLINDRICAL SHELLS
VOLUMES BY CYLINDRICAL SHELLS

The volume is given by Find the surface area

b A  2rh
V   A( x)dx
a
VOLUMES BY CYLINDRICAL SHELLS

step1 Graph and Identify the region

step2 Draw a line parallel to the rotating line

at the point x
y 1
x

step3 Rotate this line about the rotating line

step4 Find: rx ,h  1

x
in terms of x

step4 Find: a 1 ,b  2

step5
The volume is given by
x
b
V   2  r  h dx 2 Note: rotating line is y-axis  dx and
a
V   2  x  1x dx we draw a parallel line to y-axis
1
 5
1 4   y of
Find the volume 1 dy
the 4region

bounded by y  x  1 , x  2 ,
2

and y  0  revolved
5
5  y dy  4about
 the y-
y  x2  1 1
axis.
5
 1 
 5 y  y 2   4
 2 1

We can use the washer method ifwe split

25  itinto1 two
  parts:
  25     5     4
y 1  x 2
x  y 1  2   2 

 25 9 
 
5 2
 2  2
y  1 dy    2 12
     4
1  2 2
inner cylinder
outer 16
radius   4
radius 2
thickness
Japanese Spider Crab of slice
Georgia Aquarium, Atlanta 8  4  12

 Here is another
y  x2  1 way we could
approach this
problem:

cross section

If we take a vertical slice and revolve it about the y-axis

we get a cylinder.

If we add all of the cylinders together, we can reconstruct

the original object.


 y  x2  1

cross section
The volume of a thin, hollow cylinder is given by:
Lateral surface area of cylinder  thickness
 circumference  height  thickness
=2 r  h  thickness r is the x value of the function.
=2 x  x 2  1 dx h is the y value of the function.
thickness is dx.
r h
circumference thickness 
 This is called the
y  x2  1 shell method
because we use
cylindrical shells.

cross section

If we add all the cylinders from the

smallest to the largest:
 
2
0
2 x x 2  1 dx
=2 r  h  thickness
2  4  2
2
2  x3  x dx
=2 x  x 2  1 dx 0
2
1 4 1 2 12
r h 2  x  x 
4 2 0
circumference thickness 
Find the volume generated
when this shape is revolved
about the y axis.

4 2
y
9
x  10 x  16 

We can’t solve for x,

so we can’t use a
horizontal slice
directly.


If we take a
vertical slice
and revolve it
about the y-axis
we get a cylinder.
4 2
y x  10 x  16 
Shell method: 9

Lateral surface area of cylinder

=circumference  height
=2 r  h
Volume of thin cylinder  2 r  h  dx


 4 2
Volume of thin cylinder  2 r  h  dx y
9
x  10 x  16 
 4 2 
 
8
2 2 x  9 x  10 x  16  dx  160
r  502.655 cm3
circumference h thickness

Note: When entering this into the calculator, be sure to enter

the multiplication symbol before the parenthesis.

VOLUMES BY CYLINDRICAL SHELLS

CYLINDRICAL SHELLS rotating line

Parallel to y-axis  dx

The volume is given by Find the surface area

b A  2rh
V   A( x )dx
a

CYLINDRICAL SHELLS rotating line

Parallel to x-axis  dy

The volume is given by Find the surface area

d A  2rh
V   A( y )dy
c
VOLUMES BY CYLINDRICAL SHELLS

Remarks rotating line

Parallel to x-axis  dy

CYLINDRICAL SHELLS rotating line

Parallel to y-axis  dx

Remarks rotating line

Parallel to x-axis  dx

DISK rotating line

Parallel to y-axis  dy

Cross-section is Cross—section is WASHER

DISK SHELL Method

A   (r ) 2 A   (rout ) 2   (rin ) 2 A  2rh