CHAPTER 1

PART 1- OVERVIEW OF EDUCATION

ON HEALTH CARE AND THE PROCESS
OF CHANGE
TEXTBOOK USED: THE NURSE AS HEALTH EDUCATOR
Learning objectives:
1. Define the following:
1.1 Education
1.2Health
1.3Health Education
2. Explain the objectives and processes of health
education
3. Discuss the change process and the various
factors that affect change
Introduction
For a long time, health care and teaching were
pursued by religious orders.
As is the health care and welfare norm, the sisters
and priests delivered the health bulletins to the
citizenry.
However, prior to the coming of the religious
orders to the Philippines, “arbularyos” or local
doctors already had been tending to the health
needs of the community.
History
They relied on indigenous ways and
materials of treating the sick.
These individuals were also sources of
knowledge of how to take care of one’s
health.
They also contributed to superstitious belief
and practices to explain the ailments of the
sick.
History
The patient for example could have
been the subject of witchcraft or
sorcery and needed a special ritual
to drive the evil spirits way which
the “albularyo” should perform.
History
With the coming of the religious
orders, the more informed way
of treating the sick have been
institutionalized with the awarding
of degrees in nursing and medicine.
History
The religious sisters continued to be nurses
until nonprofessional individuals were able
to secure nursing degrees in the 1800’s.
In the longest time, teaching in health
education adapted the norm of transmitting
knowledge for the sake of teaching the
students.
History
There was neither an effort to
understand the learning
process nor the learner.
However, teaching was more
than it is known today.
Good teaching ….

is more than mere intellectual

challenge.

◦ It is a very thorough discipline, which

demands, among others, adaptability,
inventiveness and creativity.
The teacher should be able to adapt to
both different situations and types of
students.
Due to the ever-changing demands of
learning, the teacher must constantly be
creative of new approaches to teaching in
anticipation of the various mental and
psychological make-up of prospective learners.
Teacher of nursing therefore must keep
both body of knowledge and skills
continually updated and evolving.
They must keep striving to improve and
supplement their existing knowledge
and attain deeper understanding of the
nursing profession.
Flexibility is important, today’s teacher of
nursing must have an established system of eclectic
principles and beliefs to guide her.
Principles and practices of teaching
enable teachers to adapt various
methods and techniques of teaching
and adjust to students' level of understanding,
background knowledge and experience, and
objectives and content of learning.
HEALTH EDUCATION
DEFINED
HEALTH EDUCATION refers to the act of
providing information and learning
experiences for the purposes of behavior
change for health betterment of the client.
The totality of experiences which favorably
influence habits, attitudes and knowledge
relating to individual, community and
racial health(Health Education: 2016)
Health Education
According to Joint Committee for Health
Education ( 2005) it is a process with
intellectual, psychological and social
dimensions relating to activities that
increase the abilities of people to make
informed decisions affecting their
personal, family and community well-
being.
Health Education
The process based on scientific principles ,
facilitates learning and behavioral change in
both health personnel and consumers,
including children and youth. The midwife, as
health educator, provide clients with basic
information geared to the promotion and
maintenance of health, the prevention of
illness and the development of self-reliant
behaviors.
The Process Of Health
Education
Health education consists of
learning experiences that promote
behavior conducive to good health.
It provides the tools for
development physical, emotional,
spiritual and sound mental health.
The Process of Health
Education
Physical- these are activities or learning experiences that
helps promote the ability of the body to function effectively.
Emotional- activities that enable an individual to cope with
stress and strain of daily life.
Mental- measures strategies that enable an individual to make
correct judgements.
Social- ways in which an individual can relate well with others
regardless of status or position
Spiritual Health-activities that will help an individual recognize
and accept the supernatural aspect of divine healing
The Process of Health
Education
Green and Ottoson (1999) posited that
health education is based on the
assumption that beneficial health in
both children and adults' results from
the combination of planned, consistent,
integrated learning opportunities.
The challenge for the educator is to find
the most productive ways of influencing
voluntary individuals and community
behavior without violating individual
freedom.
Green and Ottoson
The process of health education
has certain key aspects
[Link] is planned opportunity for learning
through information about health guided by
specific goals, objectives, activities and
evaluation criteria.
2. It occurs in a specific setting.
3. It is based on what was previously learned
in order to determine what is to be learned
in the future.
The process of health education
has certain key aspects
4. t is a program of series or events that introduces
concepts at appropriate learning levels.
5. It comprehensively emphasizes how the various
aspects of health interrelate and how health affects
the quality of life.
6. It includes interaction between the qualified
educator and learner.
Effective health instructions hinge on two
interrelated issues:” what to teach and how to
teach it.”
- Heidgerken
 Purposes of health education
1. It is a means of disseminating health promotion and
disease prevention
2. May be used to modify or continue health behaviors
if necessary
3. Provides health information and services
4. Emphasizes on good health habits and practices
which is an integral aspect of culture, media and
technology.
Purposes of health education
5. A means to communicate vital
information to the public
6. It is also a form of advocacy
Types of health education
1. Information about human biology
and hygiene.
The midwife provides health
information about the human body and
how to take care of it.
Types of health education
2. Health services which direct
individuals to a sensible use of health
care resources.

3. A friendly environment in which

health choices are made.
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