Practical lab session
SQL- server manual
What is SQL?
• SQL stands for Structured Query Language
• SQL allows you to access a database
• SQL is an ANSI standard computer language
• SQL can execute queries against a database
• SQL can retrieve data from a database
• SQL can insert new records in a database
• SQL can delete records from a database
• SQL can update records in a database
• SQL is easy to learn.
Con’d
• SQL is an ANSI (American National Standards Institute)
standard computer language for accessing and manipulating
database systems.
• SQL statements are used to retrieve and update data in a
database. SQL works with database programs like MS Access,
DB2, Informix, MS SQL Server, Oracle, Sybase, etc.
Create a Database
CREATE DATABASE database_name
Create a Database
To create a database:
To create a database:
CREATE DATABASE database_name
SQL Database Tables
• A database most often contains one or more tables. Each table
is identified by a name (e.g. "Customers" or "Orders"). Tables
contain records (rows) with data. Below is an example of a
table called "Persons":
LastName FirstName Address City
Hansen Ola Timoteivn 10 Sandnes
Svendson Tove Borgvn 23 Sandnes
Pettersen Kari Storgt 20 Stavanger
SQL Database Tables
• A database most often contains one or more tables. Each table
is identified by a name (e.g. "Customers" or "Orders"). Tables
contain records (rows) with data. Below is an example of a
table called "Persons":
LastName FirstName Address City
Hansen Ola Timoteivn 10 Sandnes
Svendson Tove Borgvn 23 Sandnes
Pettersen Kari Storgt 20 Stavanger
Con’d
• The table above contains three records (one for each person)
and four columns (LastName, FirstName, Address, and City).
SQL Queries
With SQL, we can query a database and have a result set returned.
A query like this:
SELECT LastName FROM Persons
Joins and Keys
• Sometimes we have to select data from two or
more tables to make our result complete. We
have to perform a join.
• Tables in a database can be related to each
other with keys. A primary key is a column with
a unique value for each row.
• Each primary key value must be unique within
the table. The purpose is to bind data together,
across tables, without repeating all of the data
in every table.
Joins and Keys
• Sometimes we have to select data from two or
more tables to make our result complete. We
have to perform a join.
• Tables in a database can be related to each
other with keys. A primary key is a column with
a unique value for each row.
• Each primary key value must be unique within
the table. The purpose is to bind data together,
across tables, without repeating all of the data
in every table.
Joins and Keys
• Sometimes we have to select data from two or
more tables to make our result complete. We
have to perform a join.
• Tables in a database can be related to each
other with keys. A primary key is a column with
a unique value for each row.
• Each primary key value must be unique within
the table. The purpose is to bind data together,
across tables, without repeating all of the data
in every table.
Joins and Keys
• Sometimes we have to select data from two or
more tables to make our result complete. We
have to perform a join.
• Tables in a database can be related to each
other with keys. A primary key is a column with
a unique value for each row.
• Each primary key value must be unique within
the table. The purpose is to bind data together,
across tables, without repeating all of the data
in every table.
The End of To day Class
